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A penile fibula is foremost a ring, attached with a pin through the foreskin to fasten it above the
A penile fibula is foremost a ring, attached with a pin through the foreskin to fasten it above the glans penis
In male human anatomy, the glans penis, commonly referred to as the glans, is the bulbous structure at the distal end of the human penis that is the human male's most sensitive erogenous zone and their primary anatomical source of sexual pl ...
. It was mainly used by ancient Roman culture
The culture of ancient Rome existed throughout the almost 1200-year history of the civilization of Ancient Rome. The term refers to the culture of the Roman Republic, later the Roman Empire, which at its peak covered an area from present-day ...
, though it may have originated earlier. This ring type of fibula has been described akin to a "large modern safety pin
The safety pin is a variation of the regular pin which includes a simple spring mechanism and a clasp. The clasp forms a closed loop to properly fasten the pin to whatever it is applied to and covers the end of the pin to protect the user from t ...
". Its usage may have had several reasons, for example to avoid intercourse, to promote modesty or the belief that it helped preserve a man's voice. Some Jews also utilized fibulas to hide that they were circumcised. The word fibula could also be used in general in Rome to denote any type of covering of the penis (such as with a sheath) for the sake of voice preservation or sexual abstinence, it was often used by masters on their slaves for this purpose. Fibulas were frequent subject of ridicule among satirists in Rome.
Infibulation could be also a surgical procedure in which two holes were pierced in the foreskin, so a metal clasp could be locked on them to close the prepuce shut. This procedure was similarly criticized by Celsus
Celsus (; grc-x-hellen, ΚÎλσος, ''Kélsos''; ) was a 2nd-century Greek philosopher and opponent of early Christianity. His literary work, ''The True Word'' (also ''Account'', ''Doctrine'' or ''Discourse''; Greek: grc-x-hellen, ΛόγΠ...
.Frederick M. Hodges, ''The Ideal Prepuce in Ancient Greece and Rome: Male Genital Aesthetics and Their Relation to Lipodermos, Circumcision, Foreskin Restoration, and the Kynodesme''. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, volume 57, p. 375-405
See also
*Boxer at Rest
The ''Boxer at Rest'', also known as the ''Terme Boxer'', ''Seated Boxer'', ''Defeated Boxer'', or ''Boxer of the Quirinal'', is a Hellenistic Greek bronze sculpture of a sitting nude boxer at rest, still wearing his himantes ( grc, á¼±Î¼Î¬Î½Ï„ÎµÏ ...
, a Hellenistic Greek sculpture showing infibulation
* Kynodesme
A kynodesmē (, English translation: "dog tie") was a cord or string or sometimes a leather strip that was worn primarily by athletes in Ancient Greece and Etruria to prevent the exposure of the glans penis in public (considered to be ill-manner ...
* Koteka
The koteka, also referred to as a horim or penis gourd, is a penis sheath traditionally worn by native male inhabitants of some (mainly highland) ethnic groups in New Guinea, Indonesia to cover their penises. The koteka is normally made from a ...
, a type of penis sheath
References
{{Reflist, refs= {{Cite journal , doi=10.1046/j.1464-410X.2003.04490.x, title = Preputial infibulation: From ancient medicine to modern genital piercing, journal=BJU International, volume=92, issue=7, pages=758–763, year = 2003, last1 = Schultheiss, first1 = D., last2=Mattelaer, first2=J.J., last3=Hodges, first3=F.M., pmid=14616462, doi-access=free {{cite book, url=https://books.google.com/books?id=16huj4AZNrMC&pg=PA248, title=Material culture : critical concepts in the social sciences, volume= 1 : Pt. 2, first=Victor, last=Buchli, date= 2017, publisher=Taylor & Francis, isbn=9780415267205 {{cite book, url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WfGCAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA34, title=Sex in the Ancient World from A to Z, first=John, last=Younger, date= 2004, publisher=Routledge, isbn=9781134547029 {{cite web, url=http://www.cirp.org/library/restoration/hall1/, title=Epispasm: Circumcision in Reverse, website=www.cirp.org {{cite web, url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ww4iAQAAIAAJ&q=fibula+Kynodesme, title=The Ancient World, date= 1985, publisher=Ares Publishers, volume=11-12 {{cite book, url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lSyY-OWFuGIC&pg=PA32, title=Inventing Ancient Culture: Historicism, Periodization and the Ancient World, first1=Mark, last1=Golden, first2=Peter, last2=Toohey, date= 1997, publisher=Psychology Press, isbn=9780415099608 {{cite book, last=Rubin, first=Nissan , title=Time and Life Cycle in Talmud and Midrash: Socio-anthropological Perspectives, url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AdziebDqjY4C&pg=PA54, year=2008, publisher=Academic Studies Press, isbn=978-1-934843-07-9, pages=54– {{cite book, last=Hubbard, first=Thomas K. , title=A Companion to Greek and Roman Sexualities, url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AHgqAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT356, year=2013, publisher=Wiley, isbn=978-1-118-61068-8, pages=356– {{cite web, url=http://www.sacred-texts.com/cla/priap/prp113.htm, title=Infibulation, website=www.sacred-texts.com Human penis Human voice Jews and Judaism in the Roman Empire Male genital modification Penis piercings Sexual abstinence Sexuality in ancient Rome