Feyzullah Mirza Qajar
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Feyzullah Mirza Qajar (russian: Фейзулла Мирза Каджар; fa, فیض الله میرزا قاجار; az, Feyzulla Mirzə Qacar) also Fazullah-Mirza Qajar (russian: Фазулла-Мирза-Каджар; fa, فضل الله میرزا قاجار) (b. December 15, 1872 - d. 1920) - was a prince of Persia's Qajar dynasty and a decorated
Imperial Russian The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. The ...
and Azerbaijani military commander, holding the rank of
Major-General Major general (abbreviated MG, maj. gen. and similar) is a military rank used in many countries. It is derived from the older rank of sergeant major general. The disappearance of the "sergeant" in the title explains the apparent confusion of a ...
. In the Russian imperial army, he was the commander of the 1st
Caucasian Native Cavalry Division The Caucasian Native Cavalry Division (russian: Кавказская туземная конная дивизия), or "Savage Division" (russian: Дикая дивизия) was a cavalry division of the Imperial Russian Army. Formed on 23 August ...
, and the commander of the
Ganja Ganja (, ; ) is one of the oldest and most commonly used synonyms for marijuana. Its usage in English dates to before 1689. Etymology ''Ganja'' is borrowed from Hindi/Urdu ( hi, गांजा, links=no, ur, , links=no, IPA: aːɲd ...
garrison in the army of
Azerbaijan Democratic Republic The Azerbaijan Democratic Republic), or simply as Azerbaijan in Paris Peace Conference, 1919–1920,''Bulletin d'Information de l'Azerbaidjan'', No. I, September 1, 1919, pp. 6–7''125 H.C.Debs.'', 58., February 24, 1920, p. 1467. Caucasian Az ...
.


Early life

He was born on 15 December 1872 to Shafi Khan Qajar in
Shusha / hy, Շուշի , settlement_type = City , image_skyline = ShushaCollection2021.jpg , image_caption = Landmarks of Shusha, from top left:Ghazanchetsots Cathedral • Yukhari Govhar ...
,
Elisabethpol Governorate The Elizavetpol Governorate, also known after 1918 as the Ganja Governorate, was a province ('' guberniya'') of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire, with its capital in Yelisavetpol (present-day Ganja). The area of the governorate st ...
. He was a senior great-grandson of Bahman Mirza. He received general education in the Tbilisi Cadet Corps. Starting the military the service on 30 August 1891, he started his second education at the Nikolayev Cavalry School. After graduating from college in the 1st category, he was released on August 7, 1893 as a
cornet The cornet (, ) is a brass instrument similar to the trumpet but distinguished from it by its conical bore, more compact shape, and mellower tone quality. The most common cornet is a transposing instrument in B, though there is also a sopr ...
to the 43rd Tver Dragoon Regiment. He was promoted to
lieutenant A lieutenant ( , ; abbreviated Lt., Lt, LT, Lieut and similar) is a commissioned officer rank in the armed forces of many nations. The meaning of lieutenant differs in different militaries (see comparative military ranks), but it is often sub ...
rank on 15 March 1899. On November 20, 1901, he was appointed acting head of the regiment's weapons and non-combat team. March 15, 1903 promoted to headquarters captain.


Russo-Japanese war The Russo-Japanese War ( ja, 日露戦争, Nichiro sensō, Japanese-Russian War; russian: Ру́сско-япóнская войнá, Rússko-yapónskaya voyná) was fought between the Empire of Japan and the Russian Empire during 1904 and 1 ...

After the outbreak of the
Russo-Japanese War The Russo-Japanese War ( ja, 日露戦争, Nichiro sensō, Japanese-Russian War; russian: Ру́сско-япóнская войнá, Rússko-yapónskaya voyná) was fought between the Empire of Japan and the Russian Empire during 1904 and 1 ...
, then the staff captain of the 43rd Tver Dragoon Regiment, Feyzulla was transferred at the end of March 1904 to the 2nd Dagestani Horse Regiment and put under command of Colonel
Huseyn Khan Nakhchivanski Huseyn Khan Nakhchivanski, or Nakhichevansky, francised spelling: Hussein Nahitchevansky ( az, Hüseyn xan Naxçıvanski; russian: Гусейн-хан Нахичеванский or ) (28 July 1863 in Nakhchivan City – January 1919 in St. Peters ...
. As part of the regiment, he participated in raids and clashes, including the well-known attack of 2nd Dagestan cavalry regiment against Japanese positions near the village of Landungou on 14 January 1905, and was seriously wounded in the right leg. He was reported to be valiant and brave by his superiors. And was promoted to
yesaul Yesaul, osaul or osavul (russian: есау́л, translit=yesaul, uk, осаву́л, translit=osavul) (from Turkic yasaul - ''chief''), is a post and a rank in the Ukrainian Cossack units. The first records of the rank imply that it was introdu ...
on same day. Towards end of the war, on March 21, 1906 he was appointed
rittmeister __NOTOC__ (German and Scandinavian for "riding master" or "cavalry master") is or was a military rank of a commissioned cavalry officer in the armies of Germany, Austria-Hungary, Scandinavia, and some other countries. A ''Rittmeister'' is typic ...
and returned to the 43rd Tver Dragoon Regiment. He was appointed as the commander of the 4th squadron of Russian Army on 16 November. He was a member of the regimental court since January 29th. From June 19 to 28, he was at the headquarters of the Caucasian Cavalry Division "to examine health for being reckoned with the Emperor
Alexander I Alexander I may refer to: * Alexander I of Macedon, king of Macedon 495–454 BC * Alexander I of Epirus (370–331 BC), king of Epirus * Pope Alexander I (died 115), early bishop of Rome * Pope Alexander I of Alexandria (died 320s), patriarch of ...
's Committee on the wounded." He was assigned by committee to the 3rd class wounds. On August 26, 1912 for the successes in service, was promoted to the rank of
lieutenant colonel Lieutenant colonel ( , ) is a rank of commissioned officers in the armies, most marine forces and some air forces of the world, above a major and below a colonel. Several police forces in the United States use the rank of lieutenant colone ...
. Later on April 18, 1913, Feyzulla was transferred to the 10th Novgorod Dragoon Regiment. He served as a junior staff officer of the 3rd squadron.


World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

He was sent to Lvov to be at the disposal of the commander of the 2nd cavalry corps, his former commander Huseyn Khan Nakhichivanski, this time to serve among
Caucasian Native Cavalry Division The Caucasian Native Cavalry Division (russian: Кавказская туземная конная дивизия), or "Savage Division" (russian: Дикая дивизия) was a cavalry division of the Imperial Russian Army. Formed on 23 August ...
on 27 November, 1914. Soon after he was promoted to
colonel Colonel (abbreviated as Col., Col or COL) is a senior military officer rank used in many countries. It is also used in some police forces and paramilitary organizations. In the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, a colonel was typically in charge of ...
on 5 January 1915. He rose to be second-in-command of
Tatar Cavalry Regiment The Tatar Cavalry Regiment ( az, Tatar süvari alayı; russian: link=no, Татарский конный полк) was one of the regiments of the Caucasian Native Cavalry Division of the Imperial Russian Army, which was formed from Tatars (Azer ...
on March 4, 1915 replacing the commander of the Chechen cavalry regiment - Colonel Alexander Svyatopolk-Mirskiy, who died in battle. He was seriously wounded and evacuated to Russia after a battle near the village of Vali-Salchi in
Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern, and Southeast Europe, Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, S ...
on 9 December 1916. He returned to duty and took command of the Chechen cavalry regiment on 25 February 1917 after his treatment. On May 17, 1917, he was promoted to major general, and on May 30 he was appointed commander of the 2nd Brigade of the
Caucasian Native Cavalry Division The Caucasian Native Cavalry Division (russian: Кавказская туземная конная дивизия), or "Savage Division" (russian: Дикая дивизия) was a cavalry division of the Imperial Russian Army. Formed on 23 August ...
. He was the first commander of the division by 30 September.


Azerbaijan Democratic Republic The Azerbaijan Democratic Republic), or simply as Azerbaijan in Paris Peace Conference, 1919–1920,''Bulletin d'Information de l'Azerbaidjan'', No. I, September 1, 1919, pp. 6–7''125 H.C.Debs.'', 58., February 24, 1920, p. 1467. Caucasian Az ...

In the spring and summer of 1918 he served in the Separate Azerbaijan Corps. In early July, the Separate Azerbaijan Corps was disbanded by the Turkish command and its units merged with the 5th Caucasian and 15th
Çanakkale Çanakkale (pronounced ), ancient ''Dardanellia'' (), is a city and seaport in Turkey in Çanakkale province on the southern shore of the Dardanelles at their narrowest point. The population of the city is 195,439 (2021 estimate). Çanakkale is ...
Turkish divisions to form Caucasian Islamic Army of
Nuri Pasha Nuri Killigil, also known as Nuri Pasha (1889–1949) was an Ottoman general in the Ottoman Army (1861–1922), Ottoman Army. He was the half-brother of Ottoman Minister of War, Enver Pasha. Military career Libya Infantry Machine-Gun Ca ...
. He was appointed cavalry inspector of the Caucasian Islamic Army. On 23 December 1918, Feyzullah Mirza was appointed commander of the equestrian division of the Azerbaijani army, later being appointed as the commander of the
Ganja Ganja (, ; ) is one of the oldest and most commonly used synonyms for marijuana. Its usage in English dates to before 1689. Etymology ''Ganja'' is borrowed from Hindi/Urdu ( hi, गांजा, links=no, ur, , links=no, IPA: aːɲd ...
garrison on 9 January 1919, by order of the Minister of War, Samad Mehmandarov. His later fate is unknown. According to the Azerbaijani historian Shamistan Nazirli, after the Sovietization of Azerbaijan and the suppression of the anti-Soviet uprising in Ganja, Feyzulla Mirza Qajar was arrested, taken to
Baku Baku (, ; az, Bakı ) is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and of the Caucasus region. Baku is located below sea level, which makes it the lowest lying national capital in the world a ...
and executed by the Bolsheviks on the island of Nargin.


Family

He was married to Khurshid Nakhchivanskaya (1894-1963) a singer in
Azerbaijan State Opera and Ballet Theatre The Azerbaijan State Academic Opera and Ballet Theater (Azeri: ''Axundov adına Azərbaycan Dövlət Akademik Opera və Balet Teatrı''), formerly known as the Mailov Theatre
, daughter of Rahim khan Nakhchivanski, elder brother of
Jamshid Nakhchivanski Jamshid Jafargulu oglu Nakhchivanski ( az, Cəmşid Cəfərqulu oğlu Naxçıvanski; August 23, 1895 – August 26, 1938), also known as Jamshid Khan Nakhichevanski, was a Russian Imperial, Azerbaijani and Soviet military commander. He rose to ...
.


Awards

* Order of St. Anne 4th rank with the inscription "for courage" (3 November 1904) * Order of St. Stanislav 3rd rank with sword and ribbon (9 January 1905) * Order of St. Anne 3rd rank with sword and ribbon * "For the successes in struggles with the Japanese" (25 June 1905) * Order of Lion and the Sun 3rd degree (28 January 1907) * Order of St. Stanislav 2nd rank with sword (31 January 1915) *
Order of Saint Vladimir The Imperial Order of Saint Prince Vladimir (russian: орден Святого Владимира) was an Imperial Russian order established on by Empress Catherine II in memory of the deeds of Saint Vladimir, the Grand Prince and the Baptize ...
4th rank with sword and ribbon (14 March 1915)"Scout" () ''№ 1279'', 1915, p. 399. *
Order of Saint Vladimir The Imperial Order of Saint Prince Vladimir (russian: орден Святого Владимира) was an Imperial Russian order established on by Empress Catherine II in memory of the deeds of Saint Vladimir, the Grand Prince and the Baptize ...
3rd rank with sword (15 July 1915) * Order of St. Anne 2nd rank with sword (9 September 1915) *
Order of St. George The Order of Saint George (russian: Орден Святого Георгия, Orden Svyatogo Georgiya) is the highest military decoration of the Russian Federation. Originally established on 26 November 1769 Julian (7 December 1769 Gregorian) a ...
4th rank with sword (17 October 1915)


References


Sources in Russian


Летопись войны с Японией, 1905 г., № 56, стр. 1103
(портрет)

* ttp://slavakubani.ru/read.php?id=176 Бузун Ю. Г. Бой у села Бринь. {{DEFAULTSORT:Qajar, Feyzullah Mirza 1872 births 1920 deaths Military personnel from Shusha Feyzullah Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 3rd class Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 4th class Recipients of the Order of Saint Stanislaus (Russian), 2nd class Recipients of the Order of Saint Stanislaus (Russian), 3rd class Imperial Russian Army generals Russian people of Iranian descent Azerbaijani nobility Generals of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic Russian military personnel of the Russo-Japanese War Russian military personnel of World War I Azerbaijani people of Iranian descent Bahmani family Participants of the Ganja revolt