Fauldhouse

Fauldhouse ( sco, Fauldhoose; gd, Falas)
is a village in West Lothian, Scotland. It is about halfway between Glasgow and Edinburgh. The nearest towns to Fauldhouse are Whitburn and Livingston. Other neighbouring villages include Longridge, Shotts and Stoneyburn. At approximately 750 feet above sea level, Fauldhouse is one of the highest villages in West Lothian.

History

Settlements and farms within Fauldhouse have existed since, at least, the Middle Ages, and was known until the 19th century by the names ''Falas'', ''Fallas'', ''Fawlhous'' and ''Falhous''. The first written mention of Fauldhouse was in 1523. The seventeenth century Dutch mapmaker Willem Blaeu features Fauldhouse as ''Falas'' on two maps in his ''Atlas Novus'' of Scotland, and there are families with the surname Fallas. The name ''Fallas'' or ''Fauldhouse'' has been translated as "house on the fold", "house in the field", or "house on unploughed (fallow) land". However, the name may be older than the Middle Ages, and might even be derived from the Brythonic or Welsh-type language once spoken in the Lothian region. Historically, Fauldhouse was in the parish of Livingston but in 1730 it was transferred to Whitburn.

Fauldhouse is a former mining community. A mine existed in the area as early as 1790. However, the community developed extensively from the 1830s following discovery of coal and iron resources, in particular the discovery of an extractable slatery ironstone. Focusing initially around three smaller settlements (Crofthead, Drybridge and Greenburn), the village eventually grew and combined as one settlement, following new mines and the coming of the railway in 1845 (transportation of mine workings) and a second line in 1869. Some twenty mines were in operation around Fauldhouse, with the last closing in 1974. Nearby significant local mines and quarries (now closed) included:

* The Greenburn Pit (iron ore).
* Crofthead Quarry and mines (sandstone and iron ore), below the area now marked by Quarry road. Crofthead also included a brick works. Operations ceased in 1909 and the area was used as a rubbish dump by West Lothian County Council before returned to private ownership.
* Fauldhousehills and Fallahills quarries (sandstone).
* Braehead quarries (sandstone, coal and other minerals).
* Shotts road colliery, established between 1864 and 1899.
* Bridge-end colliery (coal).
* Eastfield collieries (coal and iron ore).

The central street, Main Street has a number of substantial ashlar stone cottages. These are known locally as the “Garibaldi Row”. Those stone houses in the West End were constructed by Thomas Thornton & Co who also owned the miners shop. In 1895, the Caledonia Hotel was built and served as a station hotel and cultural venue for the village. The building has oriel windows. The hotel was damaged by fire in 1985 and then closed in 1992 when it was converted into flats. In 1900, Crofthead Primary school was built in the village. The school was three storeys and has since been converted into a care home, as other new schools have been built. In 1908, a drill hall was built in the village and alter incorporated into the structure of the local mining institute. The hall had an indoor firing range and in 1914 the hall was base for "F" Company, 10th yclistBattalion, Royal Scots.

The village previously had a theatre and cinema, the Palace Theatre, which opened in 1914. It later became the Savoy Bingo Club and was then demolished.

Transport

The village is served by the Fauldhouse railway station, on the Shotts Line between Glasgow and Edinburgh, McGill's Scotland East

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