Australia
In Australia, where there is a public health care system, medications are subsidised under the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) and medications that are available under the PBS and the indications for which they can be obtained under said scheme can be found in at least two places, the PBS webpage and the Australian Medicines Handbook.United States
In the US, where a system of quasi-private healthcare is in place, a formulary is a list of prescription drugs available to enrollees, and a tiered formulary provides financial incentives for patients to select lower-cost drugs. For example, under a 3-tier formulary, the first tier typically includes generic drugs with the lowest cost sharing (e.g., 10% coinsurance), the second includes preferred brand-name drugs with higher cost sharing (e.g., 25%), and the third includes non-preferred brand-name drugs with the highest cost-sharing (e.g., 40%). When used appropriately, formularies can help manage drug costs imposed on the insurance policy. However, for drugs that are not on formulary, patients must pay a larger percentage of the cost of the drug, sometimes 100%. Formularies vary between drug plans and differ in the breadth of drugs covered and costs of co-pay and Insurance premium, premiums. Most formularies cover at least one drug in each drug class, and encourage Generic drug, generic substitution (also known as a preferred drug list). Formularies have shown to cause issues in hospitals when patients are discharged when not aligned with outpatient drug insurance plans.United Kingdom
In the UK, the National Health Service (NHS) provides publicly funded health care, publicly funded universal health care, financed by national health insurance. Here, formularies exist to specify which drugs are available on the NHS. The two main reference sources providing this information are the ''British National Formulary'' (''BNF'') and the Drug Tariff. There is a section in the Drug Tariff, known unofficially as the "Blacklisted (medicine), Blacklist", detailing medicines which are not to be prescribed under the NHS and must be paid for privately by the patient. Recommendations for additions to the NHS formulary are provided by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. In addition to this, local NHS hospital trusts and Primary Care (General Practitioners) Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs), produce their own lists of medicines deemed preferable for prescribing within their locality or organisation; such lists are usually a subset of the more comprehensive BNF. These formularies are not absolutely binding, and physicians may prescribe a non-formulary medicine if they consider it necessary and justifiable. Often, these local formularies are shared between a Primary Care Organisation (PCO) and hospitals within that PCO's jurisdiction, in order to facilitate the procedure of transferring a patient from primary care to secondary care, thus causing fewer "interfacing" issues in the process. As in the United States, the NHS actively encourages prescribing of generic drugs, in order to save more of the budget allocated to them by the Department of Health (United Kingdom), Department of Health.National formulary
A national formulary contains a list of medicines that are approved for medical prescription, prescription throughout the country, indicating which products are interchangeable. It includes key information on the composition, description, selection, prescribing, dispensing and administration of medicines. Those drugs considered less suitable for prescribing are clearly identified. Examples of national formularies are: * ''Australian Pharmaceutical Formulary'' (APF) * ''Österreichisches Arzneibuch'' (ÖAB), the Austrian national formulary * ''British National Formulary'' (BNF) and ''British National Formulary for Children'' (BNFC) * ''Farmacotherapeutisch Kompas'' (FK), the Dutch national formulary * ''Hrvatska Farmakopeja'', the Croatian national formulary * ''Japan National Health Insurance Drug Price List'' * ''Pharmaceutical Schedule'', New Zealand's Publicly funded health care, publicly funded national formulary * ''United States National Formulary'', later bought out and merged with the United States Pharmacopeia (USP-NF) * ''Farmaceutiska Specialiteter i Sverige'' (FASS), the Sweden, Swedish national formulary. Usage of the database is free of charge and it has no promotional texts or advertising.FASS – the Swedish Medicines Information EngineSee also
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