Delhi Noida Direct flyway (Uttar Pradesh - 2011-06-18)

Expressways are the highest class of roads in India. As of December 2022, India has a total length of of expressways. These are controlled-access highways where entrance and exits are controlled by the use of

ramps An inclined plane, also known as a ramp, is a flat supporting surface tilted at an angle from the vertical direction, with one end higher than the other, used as an aid for raising or lowering a load. The inclined plane is one of the six clas ...

or interchange or trumphet that are incorporated into the design of the expressway and designed for minimum speed of 120 km/hr, whereas

National highways National Highways, formerly the Highways Agency and later Highways England, is a government-owned company charged with operating, maintaining and improving motorways and major A roads in England. It also sets highways standards used by all f ...

are flyover access or controlled-access highway, where entrance and exit is through the side of the flyover,at each intersection of highway with road, flyovers are provided to bypass the city/town/village traffic and these highways are designed for speed of 100 km/hr. Some roads are not access-controlled expressways, but are still officially called expressways, such as the Biju Expressway, these

state highways A state highway, state road, or state route (and the equivalent provincial highway, provincial road, or provincial route) is usually a road that is either ''numbered'' or ''maintained'' by a sub-national state or province. A road numbered by a ...

(officially expressways) do not meet expressway standards.

Mumbai–Pune Expressway The Mumbai–Pune Expressway (officially Yashwantrao Chavan Expressway) is India's first 6- lane wide concrete, access-controlled tolled expressway. It spans a distance of 94.5 km connecting Mumbai, the capital of Maharashtra state and th ...

is the first 6-lane operational expressway in India started in 2002. Expressways follow standards set by

Indian Roads Congress Indian Roads Congress is the premier technical body of highway engineers which was formed in 1934 as India's national body for laying down and designing standards for roads and highway construction and provides a stage for exchanging expertise and ...

and

Bureau of Indian Standards The Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) is the National Standards Body of India under Department of Consumer affairs, Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food & Public Distribution, Government of India. It is established by the Bureau of Indian Standar ...

. Currently, the longest expressway in India is the Mumbai-Nagpur Expressway(Phase-I ) at and the widest expressway is the Delhi - Dasna (UP border) section of the

Delhi–Meerut Expressway Delhi–Meerut Expressway or National Expressway 3 is India's widest 96 km long controlled-access expressway, connecting Delhi with Meerut via Dasna in Ghaziabad in India. The 8 lanes old stretch of National Highway 9 (NH-9) up to Dasna ...

with 14 lanes.

Development

Greenfield Expressways in India are designed as 12-

lane In road transport, a lane is part of a roadway that is designated to be used by a single line of vehicles to control and guide drivers and reduce traffic conflicts. Most public roads (highways) have at least two lanes, one for traffic in each ...

wide Expressways with the initial construction of 8 lanes with minimum speed set as 120 km/hr for all type of vehicles. Land for 4-lane future expansion is reserved in the center of the expressways. Greenfield Expressways are designed to avoid inhabited areas and go through new alignments to bring development to new areas and to reduce land acquisition costs and construction timelines. The Delhi-Mumbai Expressway is an example of a new 12-lane approach with initial 8-lane construction. Brownfield National Highway Project is the widening/development of existing National Highways. The Upgradation of highway is a Brownfield expressway Project which has high traffic demand and is a part of urban setup. The Upgradation is carried from 4 Lane to 6 Lane on EPC mode. 43,000 km

have been converted to National Highways in last 8 years. The majority of the investment required for constructing expressways comes from the Government of India, central government. Uttar Pradesh and Maharashtra are the only states which are investing in building expressways through dedicated expressway corporations. The National Expressways Authority of India operating under the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways will be in-charge of the construction and maintenance of expressways. The National Highways Development Project by the government of India aims to expand the country's current expressway network and plans to add an additional 18,637 km of Greenfield project, greenfield expressways by 2025 apart from building 4 lane greenfield National highways of India, national highways of 50,000 km length. Currently NHDP Phase-6 and NHDP Phase-7 construction is going on along with Bharatmala project. Bharatmala is an ecosystem of road development which includes tunnels, bridges, elevated corridors,flyovers, overpass, interchanges, bypasses, ring roads etc. to provide shortest & optimized connectivity to multiple places, it is a centrally-sponsored and funded road and highways project of the Government of India with a target of constructing 83,677 km of new highways over the next five years, was started in 2017 as well as conversion of 4 lane highways into 6 lane Brownfield expressways & some state highways into NH/NE. Phase I of the Bharatmala project involves the construction of 34,800 km of highways (including the remaining projects under NHDP) at an estimated cost of Indian rupee, ₹5.35 lakh crore by 2021–22.

Characteristics

, 24 expressways with a combined length of are operational in India. In 2017, the country had only approximately 934 km of expressways. All the expressways are 6 or more lane wide controlled-access highways, where entrance and exit are controlled by the use of slip roads.India has the second largest road network in the world with List of countries by road network size, 6.3 million kms.

Expressways By State

List of operational expressways by state, as of December 2022:

Total Operational Expressways By Type

National Expressways

As of April 2021, eight expressways have been declared as National Expressway (NE) by the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways.

State Expressways

State Expressways are funded by State/Central Government to connect areas within the state. These expressways reduce travel time, allowing for more more efficient travel and fuel savings . This also allows for a more equal distribution of goods, especially to Rural industry in India, rural areas.These expressways are not part of National Expressways but may be operated by state authority or national authority. Note: ''AC = Controlled-access highway, Access-Controlled Expressway.'' ''GS = Grade separation, Grade Separated Expressway.''

Bypass Expressways

Expressways within a city to bypass city traffic such as Ring road, ring roads, Bypass (road), bypass, freeways and elevated roads exist entirely within a city or metropolitan area. These expressways direct heavy traffic to the outskirts freeing city roads of traffic. This also allows outside traffic to directly pass the city instead of going through it further limiting traffic within a city. Note: ''AC = Controlled-access highway, Access-Controlled Expressway.'' ''GS = Grade separation, Grade Separated Expressway.''

Development

Characteristics

Expressways By State

Total Operational Expressways By Type

National Expressways

State Expressways

Bypass Expressways

Expressways under-construction

Proposed expressways

Proposed expressways under Bharatmala

See also

References

External links