Eugen Aburel
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Eugen Bogdan Aburel (January 23, 1899 16 December 1975) was a
Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Moldova to the east, and ...
n surgeon and
obstetrician Obstetrics is the field of study concentrated on pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. As a medical specialty, obstetrics is combined with gynecology under the discipline known as obstetrics and gynecology (OB/GYN), which is a surgic ...
. He introduced innovative techniques in gynecologic surgery. He was born Galați; his father came from a family of
Armenians Armenians ( hy, հայեր, '' hayer'' ) are an ethnic group native to the Armenian highlands of Western Asia. Armenians constitute the main population of Armenia and the ''de facto'' independent Artsakh. There is a wide-ranging diasp ...
of
Moldavia Moldavia ( ro, Moldova, or , literally "The Country of Moldavia"; in Romanian Cyrillic alphabet, Romanian Cyrillic: or ; chu, Землѧ Молдавскаѧ; el, Ἡγεμονία τῆς Μολδαβίας) is a historical region and for ...
, while his mother was a descendent of the family of metropolitan . He started his secondary studies at the Gheorghe Roșca Codreanu High School in
Bârlad Bârlad () is a municipiu, city in Vaslui County, Romania. It lies on the banks of the river Bârlad (river), Bârlad, which waters the high plains of Western Moldavia. At Bârlad the railway from Iași diverges, one branch skirting the river S ...
and finished them in 1917 at the Vasile Alecsandri High School in Galați. After attending the artillery military school in Botoșani and graduating with the rank of second lieutenant, he studied at the Faculty of Medicine of Iași, obtaining his doctor in medicine degree in 1923 with thesis ''Contribuțiuni la tratamentul infecției puerperale''. After deciding to specialize in obstetrics and gynecology, Aburel went in 1928 to
Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), ma ...
, where he worked at and hospitals under professors Brindeau and Le Lorier. During this time, he also did research in the Physiology Department at
Sorbonne University Sorbonne University (french: Sorbonne Université; la Sorbonne: 'the Sorbonne') is a public research university located in Paris, France. The institution's legacy reaches back to 1257 when Sorbonne College was established by Robert de Sor ...
(under Louis Lapicque), and in the Laboratory of Applied Physiology at Henri-Rousselle Hospital. In 1933 he returned to Romania; three years later he was appointed Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the Faculty of Medicine of Iași and in 1945 at the Faculty of Medicine of Bucharest. In 1931, Aburel was the first to describe blocking the
lumbar plexus The lumbar plexus is a web of nerves (a nervous plexus) in the lumbar region of the body which forms part of the larger lumbosacral plexus. It is formed by the Ventral ramus of spinal nerve, divisions of the first four lumbar nerves (L1-L4) and ...
during early labor, followed by a caudal epidural injection for the expulsion phase. In his work, which he presented at a meeting in Paris, he described using a continuous epidural catheter for pain relief during childbirth. He was the first to recognize and write about the afferent nerve supply to the uterus; he concluded that the uterus had a "double sensory innervation" with sympathetic fibers entering the spinal cord at T11 L2 and cerebrospinal fibers entering at S2 S4. His technique was to administer a
sacral Sacral may refer to: *Sacred Sacred describes something that is dedicated or set apart for the service or worship of a deity; is considered worthy of spiritual respect or devotion; or inspires awe or reverence among believers. The property ...
epidural anesthetic of dibucaine with
adrenaline Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, is a hormone and medication which is involved in regulating visceral functions (e.g., respiration). It appears as a white microcrystalline granule. Adrenaline is normally produced by the adrenal glands an ...
in the first stage of labor; if additional medication was needed, it would be administered through a needle catheter placed into the caudal ca­nal during the second stage of labor or into the lumbar aortic plexus during the first. In 1934, Aburel developed the method of instillation abortion. In the 1950s, he was the first to describe radical trachelectomy as treatment for early-stage cervical cancers; this technique was all but forgotten until the 1990s, when it was revitalized, providing fertility-sparing options for patients with such cancers. From 1952 to 1969, he was director of the ; during that time, he also practiced at the maternity wards of the , , and hospitals. In the late 1950s, Aburel was investigated by the
Securitate The Securitate (, Romanian for ''security'') was the popular term for the Departamentul Securității Statului (Department of State Security), the secret police agency of the Socialist Republic of Romania. Previously, before the communist regime ...
for the scientific contacts he had in the
West West or Occident is one of the four cardinal directions or points of the compass. It is the opposite direction from east and is the direction in which the Sun sets on the Earth. Etymology The word "west" is a Germanic word passed into some ...
and for some of his past associations. In 1959,
Theodor Burghele Theodor Burghele (12 February 1905 – 3 June 1977) was a Romanian surgeon and urologist, titular member and President of the Romanian Academy, and Minister of Health. He was born in Iași in an old Moldavian boyar family, the son of Theodor ...
, the
rector Rector (Latin for the member of a vessel's crew who steers) may refer to: Style or title *Rector (ecclesiastical), a cleric who functions as an administrative leader in some Christian denominations *Rector (academia), a senior official in an edu ...
of the Faculty of Medicine, reported him to the communist authorities for "inappropriate attitude," and tried to dismiss him from his position as Chair of the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department; nevertheless, Aburel kept his position until he retired in 1969. In 1968 he was elected a foreign corresponding member of the Académie Nationale de Médecine and in 1973 he was awarded the
Ordre des Palmes académiques A suite, in Western classical music and jazz, is an ordered set of instrumental or orchestral/ concert band pieces. It originated in the late 14th century as a pairing of dance tunes and grew in scope to comprise up to five dances, sometimes with ...
by the French Republic. In 1971 he was awarded the "Meritul Sanitar" Order, First class by the Romanian government. He died in Bucharest in 1975, at age 76.


Works

* ''Contribuție la tratamentul infecției puerperale'' (1923) * ''Abces apendicular la stînga'' (1927) * * * * ''Recherches sur les glandes endocrines pendent la vie intrautérine chez l'homme'' (collaborator, 1939) * * * *


See also

*
History of neuraxial anesthesia The history of neuraxial anesthesia goes back to 1885. 19th century In 1855, Friedrich Gaedcke (18281890) became the first to chemically isolate cocaine, the most potent alkaloid of the coca plant. Gaedcke named the compound "erythroxyline". ...


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Aburel, Eugen 1899 births 1975 deaths People from Galați Romanian people of Armenian descent Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy alumni Romanian gynaecologists Romanian surgeons Academic staff of the Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Academic staff of the Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Recipients of the Ordre des Palmes Académiques Romanian anesthesiologists