Esperantology, or Esperanto studies, is a special Esperanto linguistics whose subjects are word construction, word assembly, word introduction and transcription of

umbrella term In linguistics, semantics, general semantics, and ontologies, hyponymy () is a semantic relation between a hyponym denoting a subtype and a hypernym or hyperonym (sometimes called umbrella term or blanket term) denoting a supertype. In other wor ...

s and proper names. Esperantology principles of word construction are exemplary of the principles of necessity and sufficiency which postulate a balance between conciseness and clarity of the word. Regarding word roots, esperantology sets these principles: * The principle of internationality * The principle of analogy with other language elements * The principle of the vocabulary being economical * The principle of euphony As it is possible to see, all these principles are not always in accordance among themselves; for example the principle of internationality asks for the word ''internacionala'' while the analogy and the dictionary being economical as for the word ''internacia''. In the language, the second and third rule are stronger than the first one. Besides, the absolute validity of the above-mentioned principles also obstructs the language use, which can sanction not that correct forms and can clarify forms not clear enough.

Literature

* Wüster: Esperantologiaj principoj (E-Germana Vortaro). Neergard: Fremdvortoj en E. Tie oni trovas ankaŭ bibliografian liston. KALOCSAY. * Welger: Germanlingva studo pri la starigo, prioritatigo kaj interagado de planlingvaj kvalitokriterioj en la verkaro de Zamenhof

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