Espírito Santo do Turvo is a municipality in the
Brazil
Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...
ian state of
São Paulo
São Paulo (, ; Portuguese for ' Saint Paul') is the most populous city in Brazil, and is the capital of the state of São Paulo, the most populous and wealthiest Brazilian state, located in the country's Southeast Region. Listed by the Ga ...
. The population in 2020 was 4,878 and the area is .
The elevation is .
History
The donation of a tract of land for the construction of a church is the landmark in the history of this city. On 23 March 1878, after significant growth Espírito Santo do Turvo ( en, Holy Spirit of Turvo) received the title of
Freguesia
''Freguesia'' (), usually translated as "parish" or "civil parish", is the third-level administrative subdivision of Portugal, as defined by the 1976 Constitution. It is also the designation for local government jurisdictions in the former Por ...
, a secondary
local administrative unit
Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics or NUTS (french: Nomenclature des unités territoriales statistiques) is a geocode standard for referencing the subdivisions of countries for statistical purposes. The standard, adopted in 2003, ...
in
Portugal
Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic ( pt, República Portuguesa, links=yes ), is a country whose mainland is located on the Iberian Peninsula of Southwestern Europe, and whose territory also includes the Atlantic archipelagos of ...
, by Law No. 08, and was marked as a Religious Heritage Site. Seven years later, in March 1885, the Law No. 20 raised it to the level of
Town
A town is a human settlement. Towns are generally larger than villages and smaller than cities, though the criteria to distinguish between them vary considerably in different parts of the world.
Origin and use
The word "town" shares an ori ...
.
Government
* Mayor: João Adirson Pacheco (2009–2012)
Geography
Espírito Santo do Turvo is located in the southern-
subtropic
The subtropical zones or subtropics are geographical and climate zones to the north and south of the tropics. Geographically part of the temperate zones of both hemispheres, they cover the middle latitudes from to approximately 35° north and ...
al part of Brazil, at 22 degrees, 41 minutes, 31 second south, and 49 degrees, 25 minutes, 48 seconds west, at an altitude of , in the internal part of the
State of São Paulo
State may refer to:
Arts, entertainment, and media Literature
* ''State Magazine'', a monthly magazine published by the U.S. Department of State
* ''The State'' (newspaper), a daily newspaper in Columbia, South Carolina, United States
* ''Our S ...
. It covers an area of .
;Rivers
*
Turvo River
*
Pardo River
Demography
Its population in 2020 was 4,878 inhabitants.
;2000 Census figures
[(Source: IPEADATA)]
Total population: 3,677
* Urban: 3,241
* Rural: 436
* Men: 1,900
* Women: 1,777
Density (inhabitants/km
2): 19.22
Infant mortality up to 1 year old (per thousand): 16.70
Life expectancy
Life expectancy is a statistical measure of the average time an organism is expected to live, based on the year of its birth, current age, and other demographic factors like sex. The most commonly used measure is life expectancy at birth ...
(years): 70.78
Fertility rate
The total fertility rate (TFR) of a population is the average number of children that would be born to a woman over her lifetime if:
# she were to experience the exact current age-specific fertility rates (ASFRs) through her lifetime
# she were ...
(children per woman): 2.63
Literacy rate
Literacy in its broadest sense describes "particular ways of thinking about and doing reading and writing" with the purpose of understanding or expressing thoughts or ideas in written form in some specific context of use. In other words, huma ...
: 87.69%
Human Development Index
The Human Development Index (HDI) is a statistic composite index of life expectancy, education (mean years of schooling completed and expected years of schooling upon entering the education system), and per capita income indicators, wh ...
(HDI): 0.755
* Income: 0.666
* Longevity: 0.763
* Education: 0,835
Economy
Its
economy
An economy is an area of the production, distribution and trade, as well as consumption of goods and services. In general, it is defined as a social domain that emphasize the practices, discourses, and material expressions associated with the ...
is based on
agriculture
Agriculture or farming is the practice of cultivating plants and livestock. Agriculture was the key development in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that enabled people t ...
with large production of
peanut
The peanut (''Arachis hypogaea''), also known as the groundnut, goober (US), pindar (US) or monkey nut (UK), is a legume crop grown mainly for its edible seeds. It is widely grown in the tropics and subtropics, important to both small and ...
s and
cotton
Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, or protective case, around the seeds of the cotton plants of the genus '' Gossypium'' in the mallow family Malvaceae. The fiber is almost pure cellulose, and can contain minor pe ...
. Espírito Santo do Turvo is an important junction to the south,
Mato Grosso, and other regions.
Transport
*
SP-225 state highway
*
SP-280
The Rodovia Presidente Castelo Branco (SP-280) is a tollway in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. It was first opened on Saturday, 10 November 1968, by, then, the Governor of the state of São Paulo, Abreu Sodré. The tollway name was given in mem ...
tollway
* BR-369 highway
Education
Culture
Sports
Twin cities
References
External links
* (in Portuguese)
Associação_Paulista_de_Municípios_[Paulista_Association_of_Municipalities/nowiki>.html" ;"title="/nowiki>Paulista Association of Municipalities
">Associação Paulista de Municípios
*wikisource:pt:Hino_do_município_de_Espírito_Santo_do_Turvo.html" ;"title="Brazilian_Institute_of_Geography_and_Statistics.html" "title="/nowiki>Paulista Association of Municipalities
/nowiki>">/nowiki>Paulista Association of Municipalities">Associação Paulista de Municípios [Paulista Association of Municipalities
/nowiki>(in Portuguese)
Censo 2010
at Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics">IBGE
The Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics ( pt, Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística; IBGE) is the agency responsible for official collection of statistical, geographic, cartographic, geodetic and environmental information ...
*wikisource:pt:Hino do município de Espírito Santo do Turvo">Hino do município de Espírito Santo do Turvo