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Erich Fried (6 May 1921 – 22 November 1988) was an Austrian-born poet, writer, and translator. He initially became known to a broader public in both Germany and Austria for his
German Service. He translated works by
Erich Fried (6 May 1921 – 22 November 1988) was an Austrian-born poet, writer, and translator. He initially became known to a broader public in both Germany and Austria for his political poetry
Political poetry brings together politics and poetry. According to "The Politics of Poetry"by David Orr, poetry and politics connect through expression and feeling, although both of them are matters of persuasion. Political poetry connects to peop ...
, and later for his love poems. As a writer, he mostly wrote plays and short novels. He also translated works by different English writers from English into German, most notably works by William Shakespeare
William Shakespeare ( 26 April 1564 – 23 April 1616) was an English playwright, poet and actor. He is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He is often called England's nation ...
.
He was born in Vienna
en, Viennese
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, timezone_DST ...
, Austria, but fled to England after the annexation of Austria
The (, or , ), also known as the (, en, Annexation of Austria), was the annexation of the Federal State of Austria into the German Reich on 13 March 1938.
The idea of an (a united Austria and Germany that would form a " Greater Germany ...
by Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany (lit. "National Socialist State"), ' (lit. "Nazi State") for short; also ' (lit. "National Socialist Germany") (officially known as the German Reich from 1933 until 1943, and the Greater German Reich from 1943 to 1945) was ...
in 1938. He settled in London and adopted British nationality in 1949. His first official visit back to Vienna was in 1962.
Biography
Born toJewish
Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The ...
parents Nelly and Hugo Fried in Vienna, he was a child actor and from an early age he had strongly wrote political essays and poetry. He fled to London after his father was murdered by the Gestapo after the Anschluss
The (, or , ), also known as the (, en, Annexation of Austria), was the annexation of the Federal State of Austria into the German Reich on 13 March 1938.
The idea of an (a united Austria and Germany that would form a " Greater Germany ...
(i.e. annexation of Austria) by Nazi
Nazism ( ; german: Nazismus), the common name in English for National Socialism (german: Nationalsozialismus, ), is the far-right totalitarian political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in ...
Germany.
During World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing ...
, he did casual work as a librarian and a factory hand. He arranged also for his mother to leave Nazi-occupied Austria, as well as helping many other Jews to come to the UK. He joined Young Austria, a left-wing emigrant youth movement, but left in 1943 in protest of its growing Stalinist tendencies. In 1944, he married Maria Marburg, shortly before the birth of his son Hans. During the same year, his first volume of poetry was published. He separated from Maria in 1946.
Fried's German translation of Masefield's ''Good Friday'' was broadcast on the BBC German Service in 1951. He divorced Maria in 1952. In the same year, he married Nan Spence Eichner, with whom he had two children; David (b. 1958) and Katherine (b. 1961). From 1952 to 1968, he worked as a political commentator for the BBC #REDIRECT BBC #REDIRECT BBC
Here i going to introduce about the best teacher of my life b BALAJI sir. He is the precious gift that I got befor 2yrs . How has helped and thought all the concept and made my success in the 10th board exam. ...
...Shakespeare
William Shakespeare ( 26 April 1564 – 23 April 1616) was an English playwright, poet and actor. He is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He is often called England's natio ...
, T. S. Eliot, and Dylan Thomas. In 1962, he returned to Vienna for the first time. Erich and Nan divorced in 1965. In 1965, he married for a third time, wedding Catherine Boswell with whom he had three children; Petra (b. 1965), Klaus, and Thomas (b. 1969).
He published several volumes of poetry as well as radio plays and a novel. His work was sometimes controversial, including attacks on the Zionist
Zionism ( he, צִיּוֹנוּת ''Tsiyyonut'' after '' Zion'') is a nationalist movement that espouses the establishment of, and support for a homeland for the Jewish people centered in the area roughly corresponding to what is known in Je ...
movement and support for left-wing causes. His work was mainly published in the West, but in 1969, a selection of his poetry was published in the GDR poetry series ''Poesiealbum'', and his Dylan Thomas translations were published in that same series in 1974. The composer Hans Werner Henze
Hans Werner Henze (1 July 1926 – 27 October 2012) was a German composer. His large oeuvre of works is extremely varied in style, having been influenced by serialism, atonality, Stravinsky, Italian music, Arabic music and jazz, as well as ...
set two of Fried's poems for his song-cycle '' Voices'' (1973).
In 1982, he regained his Austrian nationality, though he also retained the British nationality he had adopted in 1949. He died of intestinal cancer in Baden-Baden
Baden-Baden () is a spa town in the state of Baden-Württemberg, south-western Germany, at the north-western border of the Black Forest mountain range on the small river Oos, ten kilometres (six miles) east of the Rhine, the border with Fra ...
, West Germany
West Germany is the colloquial term used to indicate the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG; german: Bundesrepublik Deutschland , BRD) between its formation on 23 May 1949 and the German reunification through the accession of East Germany on 3 O ...
, in 1988 and is buried in Kensal Green Cemetery
Kensal Green Cemetery is a cemetery in the Kensal Green area of Queens Park in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea in London, England. Inspired by Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris, it was founded by the barrister George Frederick ...
, London.
An Austrian literary prize
A literary award or literary prize is an award presented in recognition of a particularly lauded literary piece or body of work. It is normally presented to an author.
Organizations
Most literary awards come with a corresponding award ceremony. Ma ...
is named in his honour, more specifically the Erich Fried Prize The Erich Fried Prize (german: Erich-Fried-Preis) is a literary prize in honour of the Austrian poet Erich Fried, and is awarded annually by the for Literature and Language, based in Vienna. The value of the prize, endowed by the office of the Cha ...
.
Works
* ''Drei Gebete aus London'' (Three Prayers from London), 1945 * ''Ein Soldat und ein Mädchen'' (A Soldier and a Girl), 1960 * ''Reich der Steine'', 1963 * ''Warngedichte'' (Warning Poems), 1964 * ''Überlegungen'', 1964 * ''Kinder und Narren'', 1965 * ''und Vietnam und'' (and Vietnam and), 1966 * ''Anfechtungen'', 1967 * ''Die Beine der größeren Lügen'', 1969 * ''Poesiealbum'', 1969 * ''Unter Nebenfeinden'', 1970 * ''Die Freiheit den Mund aufzumachen'', 1972 * ''Höre Israel'', 1974 * ''So kam ich unter die Deutschen'', 1977 * ''100 Gedichte ohne Vaterland'', 1978 * ''Liebesgedichte'' (Love Poems), 1979 * ''Es ist was es ist'' (It is what it is), 1983 * ''Um Klarheit'', 1985 * ''Mitunter sogar Lachen'', 1986 Translations of Erich Fried's Works into EnglishBibliography of Erich Fried's Works
(German), pp. 100–107
Arden Must Die
''Arden Must Die'' () is an opera by Alexander Goehr. It premiered on 5 March 1967 at the Hamburg State Opera, conducted by Charles Mackerras and directed by Egon Monk. Playbill, general rehearsal
The German libretto was written by Erich Frie ...
'': An Opera on the Death of the Wealthy Arden of Faversham. (Original title: ''Arden muss sterben''). Translated by Geoffrey Skelton. London: Schott 1967; New York: Associated Music Publishers 1967
* ''Last Honours''. A selection of poems translated by Georg Rapp. London: Turret 1968
* ''On Pain of Seeing''. A selection of poems translated by Georg Rapp. London: Rapp and Whiting 1969; Chicago: Swallow Press 1969
* ''100 Poems Without a Country'' (identical in most parts with the original ''100 Gedichte ohne Vaterland''). Translated by Stuart Hood and Georg Rapp. London: John Calder 1978; New York: Red Dust 1980
* ''Love Poems''. Bilingual edition. A selection of poems from ''Liebesgedichte'' (1979) and ''Es ist was es ist'' (1983), translated by Stuart Hood. London: Calder Publication Limited Riverrun Press 1991. New, revised edition Alma Classics Ltd, 2011
* ''Children and Fools''. A selection of 34 stories translated by Martin Chalmers. London: Serpent's Tail
Serpent's Tail is London-based independent publishing firm founded in 1986 by Pete Ayrton. It specialises in publishing work in translation, particularly European crime fiction. In January 2007, it was bought by a British publisher Profile Book ...
1993
There are as well translations of single poems in different anthologies.
References
External links
* * {{DEFAULTSORT:Fried, Erich 1921 births 1988 deaths Austrian essayists Austrian male poets Jewish poets Georg Büchner Prize winners 20th-century Austrian poets Burials at Kensal Green Cemetery Jewish emigrants from Austria to the United Kingdom after the Anschluss Naturalised citizens of the United Kingdom British essayists 20th-century British poets British male poets 20th-century essayists 20th-century British male writers