The State Emblem of Mongolia (, ''Mongol Ulsīn törín süld'') is used by the government of

Mongolia Mongolia; Mongolian script: , , ; lit. "Mongol Nation" or "State of Mongolia" () is a landlocked country in East Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south. It covers an area of , with a population of just 3.3 million ...

as its symbol of state. It is officially used for example on documents such as Mongolian passports, and government and embassy placards.

Description

The state emblem was adopted on February 12, 1992, when the new constitution came into force. The details of it are laid out in Chapter 1, Article 12(3) of the

Constitution of Mongolia The current Constitution of Mongolia (, ''Mongol Ulsyn Ündsen Khuuli'', "Fundamental Law of Mongolia") was adopted on 13 January 1992, put into force on 12 February, and amended in 1999, 2000 and 2019. The new constitution established a represe ...

. The outer rim features a ''tumen nasan'', symbolizing eternity, surrounding a circular blue field, symbolizing the sky. On the centre of the field is a combination of the '' Soyombo symbol'' and the

wind horse The wind horse is a symbol of the human soul in the shamanistic tradition of East Asia and Central Asia. In Tibetan Buddhism, it was included as the pivotal element in the center of the four animals symbolizing the cardinal directions and a sy ...

(treasured steed), symbolizing Mongolia's independence,

sovereignty Sovereignty is the defining authority within individual consciousness, social construct, or territory. Sovereignty entails hierarchy within the state, as well as external autonomy for states. In any state, sovereignty is assigned to the perso ...

, and spirit. Sun, moon and fire symbols derived from the

Xiongnu The Xiongnu (, ) were a tribal confederation of nomadic peoples who, according to ancient Chinese sources, inhabited the eastern Eurasian Steppe from the 3rd century BC to the late 1st century AD. Modu Chanyu, the supreme leader after 20 ...

. Above the field is a ''

Cintamani Cintāmaṇi ( Sanskrit; Devanagari: चिंतामणि; Chinese: 如意寶珠; Pinyin: ''Rúyì bǎozhū''; Japanese Romaji: ''Nyoihōju; Tamil:சிந்தாமணி''), also spelled as Chintamani (or the ''Chintamani Stone''), i ...

'' (Чандмань), representing the

Buddhist Buddhism ( , ), also known as Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya (), is an Indian religion or philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha. It originated in northern India as a -movement in the 5th century BCE, and ...

Three Jewels, which in Mongolian

folklore Folklore is shared by a particular group of people; it encompasses the traditions common to that culture, subculture or group. This includes oral traditions such as tales, legends, proverbs and jokes. They include material culture, rangin ...

grants wishes. Below the central emblem is a green

mountain range A mountain range or hill range is a series of mountains or hills arranged in a line and connected by high ground. A mountain system or mountain belt is a group of mountain ranges with similarity in form, structure, and alignment that have ari ...

, with the Wheel of Dharma (Хүрд) at the center. On the bottom of the mountain range and wheel is a '' khadag'' (Хадаг), a ceremonial scarf.

History

From 1960 to 1991, the

Mongolian People's Republic The Mongolian People's Republic ( mn, Бүгд Найрамдах Монгол Ард Улс, БНМАУ; , ''BNMAU''; ) was a socialist state which existed from 1924 to 1992, located in the historical region of Outer Mongolia in East Asia. It w ...

used an emblem with a very similar shape, but with several differing elements. Instead of the Wind Horse, a horseman on a normal horse is shown. In the background, the sun rises above mountains. The

symbols are replaced by symbols of

Socialism Socialism is a left-wing economic philosophy and movement encompassing a range of economic systems characterized by the dominance of social ownership of the means of production as opposed to private ownership. As a term, it describes th ...

. A gearwheel stands for

industrialization Industrialisation ( alternatively spelled industrialization) is the period of social and economic change that transforms a human group from an agrarian society into an industrial society. This involves an extensive re-organisation of an econo ...

, sheaves around the perimeter stand for the farming class, and the top featured a red star with the socialist version of the ''Soyombo''. Along the bottom, a blue-red ribbon is placed in front of the gearwheel, with the letters ', the abbreviation for ', (Mongolian People's Republic). Before 1961, the emblem did not bear most of the socialist symbols. The horseman carried a long lasso pole and the heads of four types of herd animals were shown on the sides. A red ribbon at the bottom bore the name of the country in the traditional

Mongolian alphabet Various Mongolian writing systems have been devised for the Mongolian language over the centuries, and from a variety of scripts. The oldest and native script, called simply the Mongolian script, has been the predominant script during most of ...

between 1940 and 1949 with the

Cyrillic The Cyrillic script ( ), Slavonic script or the Slavic script, is a writing system used for various languages across Eurasia. It is the designated national script in various Slavic, Turkic, Mongolic, Uralic, Caucasian and Iranic-speaking co ...

abbreviation after that.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Coat Of Arms Of Mongolia National symbols of Mongolia

Description

History

See also

References