Emanoil Catelli (born 25 January 1883, Zgărdeşti,

Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. ...

; died 18 February 1943,

Sviyazhsk Sviyazhsk (russian: Свия́жск; tt-Cyrl, Зөя, ''Zöya'') is a rural locality (a '' selo'') in the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia, located at the confluence of the Volga and Sviyaga Rivers. It is often referred to as an island since the 19 ...

Republic of Tatarstan The Republic of Tatarstan (russian: Республика Татарстан, Respublika Tatarstan, p=rʲɪsˈpublʲɪkə tətɐrˈstan; tt-Cyrl, Татарстан Республикасы), or simply Tatarstan (russian: Татарстан, tt ...

USSR The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nationa ...

) was a Moldavian politician.

Biography

Emanoil Catelli was born on 25 January 1883 into a peasant's family from the village of Zgărdeşti, Bălți County. He was the second child of twelve in the family of Grigore and Anastasia Catelli (his siblings included Vasile, Ioan, Maria, Ecaterina, Melania, Leonida). From 1891 to 1895, he studied at the primary school. Three years later he was admitted to the Lower Agricultural School in Cucuruzeni, and graduated it in 1901. By 1903, Emanoil Catelli worked as a mechanic for agricultural machinery. In September 1903, he was enrolled in the

Tsarist army The Imperial Russian Army (russian: Ру́сская импера́торская а́рмия, tr. ) was the armed land force of the Russian Empire, active from around 1721 to the Russian Revolution of 1917. In the early 1850s, the Russian Ar ...

as a second-class military. In little over one year later he entered the Junkers School, where he was taught until August 1907. He completed his studies as a non-commissioned officer. In 1910, he became a lieutenant, and in 1914, he received the rank of master captain and in 1917, he became a captain. In April 1917, he was sent to

Odesa Odesa (also spelled Odessa) is the third most populous city and municipality in Ukraine and a major seaport and transport hub located in the south-west of the country, on the northwestern shore of the Black Sea. The city is also the administrati ...

for office work, where he was stay at the beginning of the

October Revolution The October Revolution,. officially known as the Great October Socialist Revolution. in the Soviet Union, also known as the Bolshevik Revolution, was a revolution in Russia led by the Bolshevik Party of Vladimir Lenin that was a key mome ...

. From the first days of his stay in Odesa, he stirred up feeling among Moldavians, explaining the need for

Bassarabia Bessarabia (; Gagauz: ''Besarabiya''; Romanian: ''Basarabia''; Ukrainian: ''Бессара́бія'') is a historical region in Eastern Europe, bounded by the Dniester river on the east and the Prut river on the west. About two thirds of Be ...

to become autonomous. In addition, in that year he became the chairperson of the Moldavian National Committee in

. He actively participated in establishing the "

Sfatul Țării ''Sfatul Țării'' ("Council of the Country"; ) was a council that united political, public, cultural, and professional organizations in the greater part of the territory of the guberniya, Governorate of Bessarabia in the disintegrating Russia ...

" ("Parliament"), being among the most devoted militants for the

Union of Bessarabia with Romania The union of Bessarabia with Romania was proclaimed on by Sfatul Țării, the legislative body of the Moldavian Democratic Republic. This state had the same borders of the region of Bessarabia, which was annexed by the Russian Empire following ...

. After unification, Emanoil Catelli was appointed as General Director of Agriculture in the General Directorate of the

Moldavian Democratic Republic The Moldavian Democratic Republic (MDR; ro, Republica Democratică Moldovenească, ), also known as the Moldavian Republic, was a state proclaimed on by the '' Sfatul Țării'' (National Council) of Bessarabia, elected in October–Novemb ...

. He occupied this position until November 1918, when the Directorate was dissolved. From 1919 by 1923, Catelli served as a popular judge in Năduşita, Soroca County. In 1920, he became a member of the National Liberal Party, which was in power. In 1923, the Council of Ministers of Romania appointed him as

prefect Prefect (from the Latin ''praefectus'', substantive adjectival form of ''praeficere'': "put in front", meaning in charge) is a magisterial title of varying definition, but essentially refers to the leader of an administrative area. A prefect's ...

of Bălți County. Catelli was the prefect for one year and four months. From 1927 to 1928, he was elected and became the senator delegated by the Balti County. In 1933, the National Liberal Party came back to power again and Emanoil Catelli became the

of Balti County. In the three-year period when he was the prefect of Balti County, 49 schools were built (in comparison, from 1918 to 1933 only 44 schools were built), the Normal School was renovated and the new building of "Domniţa Ileana" High School was built. He occupied this position up to 29 December 1937, once the royal dictatorship was established. Of all the prefects of the county, Emanoil Catelli was the most representative personality.Cazacu, Nicolae. Emanoil Catelli: făuritor de istorie. '' Cugetul'', anul II nr. 20 (37), 31 mai 1997, p. 3. On 5 July 1940 Emanoil Catelli was arrested by the operative group of

NKVD The People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs (russian: Наро́дный комиссариа́т вну́тренних дел, Naródnyy komissariát vnútrennikh del, ), abbreviated NKVD ( ), was the interior ministry of the Soviet Union. ...

(People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs), forces of

Bălți Bălți (; russian: Бельцы, , uk, Бєльці, , yi, בעלץ ) is a city in Moldova. It is the second largest city in terms of population, area and economic importance, after Chișinău. The city is one of the five Moldovan municipalit ...

for the anti-revolutionary activity, and on 6 August he was transferred to the Chișinău prison. The

group was afraid of his escape and they proceeded, as usual, in a secretive manner. First, they arrested him and then carried out all the proceedings. An arrest warrant did not exist because there were not enough forms. With the beginning of military operations for the liberation of Bessarabia from

Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Moldova to the east, and ...

, Emanoil Catelli was transferred deep inside the

Soviet Empire ''Soviet Empire'' is a political term which is used in Sovietology to describe the actions and power of the Soviet Union, with an emphasis on its dominant role in other countries. In the wider sense, the term refers to the country's foreign p ...

, reaching

Tatarstan The Republic of Tatarstan (russian: Республика Татарстан, Respublika Tatarstan, p=rʲɪsˈpublʲɪkə tətɐrˈstan; tt-Cyrl, Татарстан Республикасы), or simply Tatarstan (russian: Татарстан, tt ...

. Thus, in 1942 Catelli was brought to

Kazan Kazan ( ; rus, Казань, p=kɐˈzanʲ; tt-Cyrl, Казан, ''Qazan'', IPA: ɑzan is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Tatarstan in Russia. The city lies at the confluence of the Volga and the Kazanka rivers, covering an ...

. During the interrogations, Emanoil Catelli said that he did not regret the actions he had taken earlier, and that he would always resist

Bolshevism Bolshevism (from Bolshevik) is a revolutionary socialist current of Soviet Marxist–Leninist political thought and political regime associated with the formation of a rigidly centralized, cohesive and disciplined party of social revolution, ...

Family

He was married to Paraschiva Valuţă and had two children, Victor and Octavian, both lawyers.

Death

He died on 18 February 1943 in the ITK No.5 () ITK No.

/ref> in

, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia. The doctors stated that the death occurred because of myocardial decompensation, but it is unlikely that the cause of death was established by doctors in the camp.

Awards

Order of the Star of Romania The Order of the Star of Romania (Romanian: ''Ordinul Steaua României'') is Romania's highest civil Order and second highest State decoration after the defunct Order of Michael the Brave. It is awarded by the President of Romania. It has five r ...

(''Ordul Steaua României''), Officer rank * Order of the Crown of Romania (''Ordul Coroana României''), Officer rank * Order of Ferdinand I (''Ordinul Ferdinand I'') * Order of St Vladimir

External links

Masacraţi în Rass Tătară

ContribuţiA Sorocenilor la realizarea Actului Unirii

Notes

{{DEFAULTSORT:Catelli, Emanoil 1883 births 1943 deaths Romanian people of Moldovan descent People from Telenești District Russian military personnel of World War I Politicians of the Moldavian Democratic Republic Moldovan Ministers of Agriculture Members of the Senate of Romania Romanian people who died in prison custody Prisoners who died in Soviet detention