A referendum on separating from the
Gilbert Islands
The Gilbert Islands ( gil, Tungaru;Reilly Ridgell. ''Pacific Nations and Territories: The Islands of Micronesia, Melanesia, and Polynesia.'' 3rd. Ed. Honolulu: Bess Press, 1995. p. 95. formerly Kingsmill or King's-Mill IslandsVery often, this n ...
was held in the
Ellice Islands (then administered together as the
Gilbert and Ellice Islands
The Gilbert and Ellice Islands (GEIC as a colony) in the Pacific Ocean were part of the British Empire from 1892 to 1976. They were a protectorate from 1892 to 12 January 1916, and then a colony until 1 January 1976. The history of the colony w ...
) between July and September 1974.
Dieter Nohlen
Dieter Nohlen (born 6 November 1939) is a German academic and political scientist. He currently holds the position of Emeritus Professor of Political Science in the Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences of the University of Heidelberg. An expe ...
, Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) ''Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume II'', p829 A rolling ballot was used, starting in July in
Tarawa in the Gilbert Islands before being taken to each resident of the Ellice Islands.
[
The result was 93% of voters in favour of separation, with a voter turnout of 88%. In October the following year the islands were officially separated, and four years after the referendum, the islands became the independent nation of Tuvalu, whilst the Gilbert Islands became Kiribati.]
Background
Following objections to self-government for the Gilbert and Ellice Islands
The Gilbert and Ellice Islands (GEIC as a colony) in the Pacific Ocean were part of the British Empire from 1892 to 1976. They were a protectorate from 1892 to 12 January 1916, and then a colony until 1 January 1976. The history of the colony w ...
from the 8 representatives of the Ellice Islands due to concerns about the Gilbert Islands being the dominant part of the territory, an inquiry was held by the British representative Leslie Monson.[ Following the inquiry, the British government granted the referendum.][Two big decisions for the Ellice]
''Pacific Islands Monthly'', March 1974, p6 Proposals for a federal system that would lessen concerns about Gilbertese domination were rejected by GEIC Leader of Government Business Reuben Uatioa, founder of the Gilbertese National Party, who stated "it is either secession or the present type of unitary government."[
Prior to the referendum, the British government stated that if separation were to happen, the Ellice Islands would not receive any share of the Gilberts' phosphate revenues from Ocean Island and that the assets of the GEIC outside the Ellice Islands would remain the property of the Gilbert Islands.][ However, separation was still supported by all prominent Ellice Islands politicians except Isakala Paeniu, a government minister.][Ellice votes the 'E' out of the GEIC]
''Pacific Islands Monthly'', November 1974, p8
Results
The ballot paper had two options:[Moment of decision for Ellice]
''Pacific Islands Monthly'', August 1974, p8
#The establishment of a separate Ellice Islands Colony
#To remain with the Gilberts as part of the GEIC and what the colony becomes when its status is altered.
Reactions
After the results were announced, Chief Minister Naboua Ratieta stated "Personally I am sorry they have decided to separate from us. After all, we have been friends for a long time, and so far as my administration is concerned, there would have been no question whatever of any political domination of the Ellice people by the Gilbertese".[ Paeniu said "I'm sorry to find there are only 200-odd sensible Ellice Islanders. They are, perhaps, the only people who voted with full knowledge of the tough implications of the whole issue... I'm sorry to say that the Ellice leaders, who advocate separation, have not come to grips with the real problems facing small, almost unknown communities in the world today."][
]
References
{{Tuvaluan elections
Ellice Islands
1974 in Tuvalu
Referendums in Tuvalu
1974 in the Gilbert and Ellice Islands