Elections in Turkmenistan
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Turkmenistan Turkmenistan ( or ; tk, Türkmenistan / Түркменистан, ) is a country located in Central Asia, bordered by Kazakhstan to the northwest, Uzbekistan to the north, east and northeast, Afghanistan to the southeast, Iran to the sout ...
elects on national level a
head of state A head of state (or chief of state) is the public persona who officially embodies a state Foakes, pp. 110–11 " he head of statebeing an embodiment of the State itself or representatitve of its international persona." in its unity and l ...
— the
president President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) *President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ful ...
— and a
legislature A legislature is an assembly with the authority to make law Law is a set of rules that are created and are enforceable by social or governmental institutions to regulate behavior,Robertson, ''Crimes against humanity'', 90. with its p ...
. The elections in Turkmenistan since its split from the Soviet Union have been widely criticized for being completely fraudulent and attempting to give an appearance of legitimacy to what is in reality a
dictatorship A dictatorship is a form of government which is characterized by a leader, or a group of leaders, which holds governmental powers with few to no limitations on them. The leader of a dictatorship is called a dictator. Politics in a dictatorship are ...
. Parties in Turkmenistan are the
Democratic Party of Turkmenistan ) , colours = Green Gold , seats1_title = Seats in the Assembly of Turkmenistan , seats1 = , colors = Green Gold , website tdp.gov.tm The Democratic Party of Turkmenistan ( tk, Türkmenistanyň Demokratik Partiýasy; ; TDP) has been the ...
and the
Party of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs The Party of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs of Turkmenistan ( tk, Türkmenistanyň Senagatçylar we Telekeçiler partiýasy) is a political party in Turkmenistan. The party originated in August 2012 as first legal opposition party in the countr ...
. The president has a seven year term, while the legislature has a five-year term.


Presidential elections

On declaring independence from the
Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ...
, the president was to be elected for a five-year term by the people. President
Saparmurat Niyazov Saparmurat Atayevich Niyazov; tk, Saparmyrat Ataýewiç Nyýazow, in Cyrillic: Сапармырат Атаевич Ныязов (19 February 1940 – 21 December 2006), also known as Turkmenbashi, was a Turkmen politician who rule ...
, was elected unopposed on 21 June 1992. In a referendum in January 1994, it was decided that he would be president for eight more years. In 1999, the country's parliament named him president for life. He died on 21 December 2006. An election to replace him was held on 11 February 2007, which was won by ruling party candidate
Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow Gurbanguly Mälikgulyýewiç Berdimuhamedow (born 29 June 1957), also known as Arkadag (Cyrillic: Аркадаг, "protector"), is a Turkmen politician who served as the second president of Turkmenistan from 2006 to 2022. A dentist by profes ...
.


Legislative elections

Turkmenistan elects a
legislature A legislature is an assembly with the authority to make law Law is a set of rules that are created and are enforceable by social or governmental institutions to regulate behavior,Robertson, ''Crimes against humanity'', 90. with its p ...
on a national level. The
Assembly Assembly may refer to: Organisations and meetings * Deliberative assembly, a gathering of members who use parliamentary procedure for making decisions * General assembly, an official meeting of the members of an organization or of their representa ...
(''Mejlis'') has 125 members, elected for a five-year term in single seat
constituencies An electoral district, also known as an election district, legislative district, voting district, constituency, riding, ward, division, or (election) precinct is a subdivision of a larger state (a country, administrative region, or other polity ...
. Political parties are the
Democratic Party of Turkmenistan ) , colours = Green Gold , seats1_title = Seats in the Assembly of Turkmenistan , seats1 = , colors = Green Gold , website tdp.gov.tm The Democratic Party of Turkmenistan ( tk, Türkmenistanyň Demokratik Partiýasy; ; TDP) has been the ...
(TDP), the
Agrarian Party of Turkmenistan The Agrarian Party of Turkmenistan ( tk, Türkmenistanyň agrar partiýasy) is an officially registered political party in Turkmenistan, founded on September 28, 2014. One of the three officially registered political parties legally existing in ...
(TAP) and the
Party of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs The Party of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs of Turkmenistan ( tk, Türkmenistanyň Senagatçylar we Telekeçiler partiýasy) is a political party in Turkmenistan. The party originated in August 2012 as first legal opposition party in the countr ...
(TSwTP). Prior to 2008, Turkmenistan was a one-party state under the TDP. The Khalk Maslakhaty ( People's Council) which is considered the ultimate representative body, has more than 2,500 members; it was abolished in late 2008. All legal parties currently support the government.


Latest elections


Presidential election


Assembly election


People's Council election


See also

*
Electoral calendar This national electoral calendar for 2022 lists the national/federal elections held in 2022 in all sovereign states and their dependent territories. By-elections are excluded, though national referendums are included. January * 16 January: Se ...
*
Electoral system An electoral system or voting system is a set of rules that determine how elections and Referendum, referendums are conducted and how their results are determined. Electoral systems are used in politics to elect governments, while non-political ...


Notes


References


External links


Turkmens "vote"Adam Carr's Election Archive
{{Turkmenistan-gov-stub