Efim Samoilovich Fradkin (

Russian Russian(s) refers to anything related to Russia, including: *Russians (, ''russkiye''), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries *Rossiyane (), Russian language term for all citizens and peo ...

: ''Ефим Самойлович Фрадкин'') (November 30, 1924 – May 25, 1999) was a Russian

physicist A physicist is a scientist who specializes in the field of physics, which encompasses the interactions of matter and energy at all length and time scales in the physical universe. Physicists generally are interested in the root or ultimate cau ...

. Fradkin was born in Shchedrin near

Zhlobin Zhlobin ( be, Жло́бін; russian: Жло́бин, pl, Żłobin, lt, Žlobinas) is a city in the Zhlobin District of Gomel Region, Belarus, located on the Dnieper river. As of 2017, the population was 76,078. The city is notable for being ...

(now

Belarus Belarus,, , ; alternatively and formerly known as Byelorussia (from Russian ). officially the Republic of Belarus,; rus, Республика Беларусь, Respublika Belarus. is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by ...

), then in the

Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...

, in 1924. From 1942 to 1947, Fradkin served in the Soviet Army and in 1945 became a member of the

CPSU "Hymn of the Bolshevik Party" , headquarters = 4 Staraya Square, Moscow , general_secretary = Vladimir Lenin (first) Mikhail Gorbachev (last) , founded = , banned = , founder = Vladimir Lenin , newspaper ...

. In 1948 he graduated from the University of L’vov. That same year he began working at the Institute of Physics of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. His major works are devoted to quantum field theory, quantum statistics, and hydrodynamics. Fradkin has used the methods of functional analysis in the theory of relativists fields. He developed a modified perturbation theory for the theory of interacting particles. He obtained renormalized field theory equations and studied their solution. He also introduced functional methods into quantum statistics, in which he developed the diagram technique. He was awarded the USSR State Prize in 1953 (

Stalin Prize Stalin Prize may refer to: * The State Stalin Prize in science and engineering and in arts, awarded 1941 to 1954, later known as the USSR State Prize The USSR State Prize (russian: links=no, Государственная премия СССР, ...

of First Degree), Igor Tamm Prize of the

USSR Academy of Sciences The Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union was the highest scientific institution of the Soviet Union from 1925 to 1991, uniting the country's leading scientists, subordinated directly to the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union (until 1946 ...

in 1980, and the

Dirac Prize Distributed Research using Advanced Computing (DiRAC) is an integrated supercomputing facility used for research in particle physics, astronomy and cosmology in the United Kingdom. DiRAC makes use of multi-core processors and provides a variety of ...

ICTP The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) is an international research institute for physical and mathematical sciences that operates under a tripartite agreement between the Italian Government, United Nations Education ...

in 1989. In 1996-1997, Fradkin was a guest professor of the director-general of the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and a member of the organization's Theory Division.

References

1924 births 1999 deaths Russian physicists Belarusian Jews Full Members of the USSR Academy of Sciences Full Members of the Russian Academy of Sciences Stalin Prize winners Burials in Troyekurovskoye Cemetery People associated with CERN {{Russia-physicist-stub