Eduardo Dato e Iradier (12 August 1856 – 8 March 1921) was a Spanish political leader during the Spanish Restoration period. He served three times as Spanish prime minister: from 27 October 1913 to 9 December 1915, from 11 June 1917 to 3 November 1917, and from 28 April 1920 until his assassination by

Catalan Catalan may refer to: Catalonia From, or related to Catalonia: * Catalan language, a Romance language * Catalans, an ethnic group formed by the people from, or with origins in, Northern or southern Catalonia Places * 13178 Catalan, asteroid #1 ...

anarchists. Also he held eleven cabinet ministries, and was four times president of the Spanish Congress of Deputies (a role akin to that of parliamentary speaker).

Career

Born in A Coruña, Spain, son of Carlos Dato y Granados (himself the son of Carlos Dato Camacho y Marín and wife Cayetana Ruperta Granados y García, de Vivancos e

Acosta Acosta is a Spanish and Portuguese surname. Originally it was used to refer to a person who lived by the seashore or was from the mountains (''encostas''). It comes from the Portuguese da Costa (cognate of English "coast", literally translates as ...

) and wife Rosa Lorenza Iradier e Arce, of Galician descent. He graduated in Law at the Complutense University in 1875. He opened his law office two years later. Elected to the Spanish parliament in 1883, he became Under-secretary for the Ministry of the Interior in 1892. He held the position of

Minister of the Interior An interior minister (sometimes called a minister of internal affairs or minister of home affairs) is a cabinet official position that is responsible for internal affairs, such as public security, civil registration and identification, emergency ...

and Minister of Justice over the next fifteen years. In 1907, he ran for and won the position of Mayor of Madrid. In 1910, he entered the Academy of Moral and Political Sciences. In 1913 he became prime minister for the first time. In 1915, he left that position, but would return to it for a short while in 1917. He became the 230th Minister for Foreign Affairs from 22 March 1918 to 9 November 1918. Then he moved to the post of Minister of State and stayed there until 1920, when he led the government as prime minister again. Dato was a member of the International Permanent Court in The Hague (he became vice-president in 1913), member of the

International Law Institute The International Law Institute, also known as the ILI, was founded as part of Georgetown University in 1955. The ILI provides training and technical assistance for the legal, economic and financial problems of developing countries and emerging e ...

, administrator of the bank firm 'Banco Hipotecario' and president of the National Institute of Social Security, the Council of Public Instruction and the Academy of Jurisprudence and Legislation.

Assassination

On 8 March 1921 in Madrid, while being driven from the parliament building and in front of the Puerta de Alcalá, Dato was assassinated by three Catalan anarchists, Luis Nicolau, Pedro Mateu, and Ramón Casanellas, who were riding a motorcycle. This was the second murder of a Spanish prime minister in less than a decade; in 1912 José Canalejas had been killed similarly. King

Alfonso XIII of Spain Alfonso XIII (17 May 1886 – 28 February 1941), also known as El Africano or the African, was King of Spain from 17 May 1886 to 14 April 1931, when the Second Spanish Republic was proclaimed. He was a monarch from birth as his father, Alf ...

posthumously made him a duke by bestowing the title "Duchess of Dato" on his widow.

Honours

Dato was conferred with the following honours: * Chain of the Order of Charles III * Knight Grand Cross of the First Class of the Order of St. Gregory the Great of the Holy See * Grand Cross of the Order of Christ of Portugal. * 340th Grand Cross of the Order of the Tower and Sword of Portugal. * After he died, his wife was granted the title of Duchess of Dato in his honor.

Marriage and children

He married María del Carmen de Barrenechea y Montegui,

Dame ''Dame'' is an honorific title and the feminine form of address for the honour of damehood in many Christian chivalric orders, as well as the Orders, decorations, and medals of the United Kingdom, British honours system and those of several oth ...

of the Order of Noble Dames of Queen Maria Luisa of Spain and Grand Cross of the Order of Beneficence of Spain, of Basque descent (- Madrid, 1926), daughter of Juan José de Barrenechea e Urdampilleta (himself the son of Pedro de Barrenechea y Zubea and wife María Ignacia de Urdampilleta y Lagarto) and wife Micaela Montegui y Mercaide (herself the daughter of José Manuel Montegui and wife María de la Concepción Mercaide), and had three daughters: *

Isabel Dato y Barrenechea, 2nd Duchess of Dato The Dukedom of Dato is a Spanish dukedom created on 21 March 1921. King Alfonso XIII of Spain created the Dukedom for María de Barrenechea whose husband, Eduardo Dato e Iradier Eduardo Dato e Iradier (12 August 1856 – 8 March 1921) was ...

, unmarried and without issue *

María del Carmen Dato y Barrenechea, 3rd Duchess of Dato The Dukedom of Dato is a Spanish dukedom created on 21 March 1921. King Alfonso XIII of Spain created the Dukedom for María de Barrenechea whose husband, Eduardo Dato e Iradier, Prime Minister of Spain, had been assassinated on 8 March 1921. ...

( Madrid, 6 December 1885 – 1954), married to Eugenio

Espinosa de los Monteros Espinosa de los Monteros is a municipality located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain, with a population of c. 2,100 inhabitants. The village is spread over a large rural area at the southern outskirts of a mountainous area of ...

y Bermejillo, and had issue, two sons * María de la Concepción Dato y Barrenechea ( Madrid, 2 May 1890 – Madrid, 16 September 1973), married in Paris, 25 April 1922 to

Ernesto de Zulueta e Isasi Ernesto de Zulueta e Isasi (26 April 1892, in Bilbao – 9 September 1969, in Madrid), Spanish Diplomat. Born in Bilbao, son of Ernesto de Zulueta y Samá, of the Marquesses of Álava Viscounts of Casa Blanca (La Granja de San Ildefonso, 10 July ...

, of the

Marquess A marquess (; french: marquis ), es, marqués, pt, marquês. is a nobleman of high hereditary rank in various European peerages and in those of some of their former colonies. The German language equivalent is Markgraf (margrave). A woman wi ...

es of Álava Viscounts of Casa Blanca ( Bilbao, 26 April 1892 – Madrid, 9 September 1969), a Spanish

Diplomat A diplomat (from grc, δίπλωμα; romanized ''diploma'') is a person appointed by a state or an intergovernmental institution such as the United Nations or the European Union to conduct diplomacy with one or more other states or internati ...

, and had issue

References

External links