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The Echmiadzin Gospels (
The art historian Carl Nordenfalk considered the Eusebian canon tables of the Echmiadzin Gospels (fols. 1–5, including the Eusebian letter) to be the best representative of the original table design (column arrangement, pattern of frame, ornament, etc.) developed in
Index of Armenian Art: ManuscriptsMatenadaran, Ms. 2374, Etchmiadzin Gospelsthe 'Final Four Miniatures'
(short description, page images) 989 10th-century biblical manuscripts Armenian books History of religion in Armenia Gospel Books 10th-century illuminated manuscripts {{Commons category
The Echmiadzin Gospels (Yerevan
Yerevan ( , , hy, Երևան , sometimes spelled Erevan) is the capital and largest city of Armenia and one of the world's oldest continuously inhabited cities. Situated along the Hrazdan River, Yerevan is the administrative, cultural, and i ...
, Matenadaran
The Matenadaran ( hy, Մատենադարան), officially the Mesrop Mashtots Institute of Ancient Manuscripts, is a museum, repository of manuscripts, and a research institute in Yerevan, Armenia. It is the world's largest repository of Armenian ...
, MS. 2374, formerly Etchmiadzin Ms. 229) is a 10th-century Armenia
Armenia (), , group=pron officially the Republic of Armenia,, is a landlocked country in the Armenian Highlands of Western Asia.The UNbr>classification of world regions places Armenia in Western Asia; the CIA World Factbook , , and ' ...
n Gospel Book
A Gospel Book, Evangelion, or Book of the Gospels (Greek: , ''Evangélion'') is a codex or bound volume containing one or more of the four Gospels of the Christian New Testament – normally all four – centering on the life of Jesus of Nazareth ...
produced in 989 at the Monastery of Bgheno-Noravank in Syunik.
The book
The manuscript has 232 extant leaves which measure approximately 32 by 25.5 cm. The book was made under the patronage of bishop Stepanos and written by the scribe Hovhanes. The binding of the book is made of two carvedivory
Ivory is a hard, white material from the tusks (traditionally from elephants) and teeth of animals, that consists mainly of dentine, one of the physical structures of teeth and tusks. The chemical structure of the teeth and tusks of mammals i ...
plaques, probably of Byzantine manufacture of the 6th century. Bound into the book are two leaves (fols. 228–229) with miniatures dating to the late 6th—early 7th century (so-called 'Final Four Miniatures').
Eusebian Canons
The art historian Carl Nordenfalk considered the Eusebian canon tables of the Echmiadzin Gospels (fols. 1–5, including the Eusebian letter) to be the best representative of the original table design (column arrangement, pattern of frame, ornament, etc.) developed in Caesarea Palaestina
Caesarea Maritima (; Greek: ''Parálios Kaisáreia''), formerly Strato's Tower, also known as Caesarea Palestinae, was an ancient city in the Sharon plain on the coast of the Mediterranean, now in ruins and included in an Israeli national p ...
at the time of Eusebius
Eusebius of Caesarea (; grc-gre, Εὐσέβιος ; 260/265 – 30 May 339), also known as Eusebius Pamphilus (from the grc-gre, Εὐσέβιος τοῦ Παμφίλου), was a Greek historian of Christianity, exegete, and Chris ...
(1st half of the 4th century). Taking into account the Caesarean type of the Armenian text of the Gospels, Nordenfalk concluded that the Echmiadzin Gospels were copied from a Caesarean codex equipped with the Eusebian canon tables.
References
*Nordenfalk, C. "Die spätantiken Kanontafeln". Gothenburg, 1938.External links
Index of Armenian Art: Manuscripts
(short description, page images) 989 10th-century biblical manuscripts Armenian books History of religion in Armenia Gospel Books 10th-century illuminated manuscripts {{Commons category