Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit D (eIF3d) is a

protein Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, res ...

that in humans is encoded by the ''EIF3D''

gene In biology, the word gene (from , ; "... Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a b ...

Function

Eukaryotic translation initiation factor-3 (eIF3), the largest of the eIFs, is a multiprotein complex composed of at least ten nonidentical subunits. The complex binds to the 40S ribosome and helps maintain the 40S and 60S ribosomal subunits in a dissociated state. It is also thought to play a role in the formation of the 40S initiation complex by interacting with the

ternary complex A ternary complex is a protein complex containing three different molecules that are bound together. In structural biology, ''ternary complex'' can also be used to describe a crystal containing a protein with two small molecules bound, for example ...

of eIF2/GTP/methionyl-tRNA, and by promoting

mRNA In molecular biology, messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) is a single-stranded molecule of RNA that corresponds to the genetic sequence of a gene, and is read by a ribosome in the process of synthesizing a protein. mRNA is created during the ...

binding. The protein encoded by this gene is the major RNA binding subunit of the eIF3 complex.

Interactions

EIF3D has been shown to

interact Advocates for Informed Choice, dba interACT or interACT Advocates for Intersex Youth, is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization using innovative strategies to advocate for the legal and human rights of children with intersex traits. The organizati ...

with

PHLDA1 Pleckstrin homology-like domain family A member 1 (PHLDA1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''PHLDA1'' gene. This gene encodes an evolutionarily conserved proline-histidine rich nuclear protein. The encoded protein may play an importa ...

and

EIF3A Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit A (eIF3a) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''EIF3A'' gene. It is one of the subunits of Eukaryotic initiation factor 3 (eIF3) a multiprotein complex playing major roles in translatio ...

. EIF3D has also been shown to interact with ''c-Jun'' mRNA via a non-canonical mechanism. Instead of the EIF4G protein acting as a cap-binding protein to mediate translation, EIF3D has been shown to be a cap binding protein for certain mRNAs such as ''c-Jun'' which has structures at the 5' UTR inhibiting binding of EIF4G and promoting binding of EIF3D. EIF3D as a cap binding protein has been thought of as critical to regulating gene expression under cell stress such as during glucose deprivation. For translation of ''c-Jun'' under glucose starved conditions, the cap binding activity of EIF3D increased by 10-fold.

Function

Interactions

See also

References

Further reading