Dominican Republic–Mexico relations
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The nations of the
Dominican Republic The Dominican Republic ( ; es, República Dominicana, ) is a country located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean region. It occupies the eastern five-eighths of the island, which it shares wit ...
and
Mexico Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...
established diplomatic relations in 1890.Bilateral relations between Mexico and the Dominican Republic (in Spanish)
/ref> Both nations have over the years joined several multilateral forums and are members of the
Association of Caribbean States The Association of Caribbean States (ACS; es, Asociación de Estados del Caribe; french: Association des États de la Caraïbe) is an advisory association of nations centered on the Caribbean Basin. It was formed with the aim of promoting cons ...
,
Community of Latin American and Caribbean States A community is a social unit (a group of living things) with commonality such as place, norms, religion, values, customs, or identity. Communities may share a sense of place situated in a given geographical area (e.g. a country, village, town ...
,
Organization of American States The Organization of American States (OAS; es, Organización de los Estados Americanos, pt, Organização dos Estados Americanos, french: Organisation des États américains; ''OEA'') is an international organization that was founded on 30 April ...
,
Organization of Ibero-American States The Organization of Ibero-American States ( es, Organización de Estados Iberoamericanos, pt, Organização de Estados Iberoamericanos, ca, Organització d'Estats Iberoamericans; abbreviated as OEI), formally the Organization of Ibero-American ...
and the
United Nations The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and international security, security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be ...
.


History

The Dominican Republic and Mexico are two
Latin American Latin Americans ( es, Latinoamericanos; pt, Latino-americanos; ) are the citizens of Latin American countries (or people with cultural, ancestral or national origins in Latin America). Latin American countries and their diasporas are multi-eth ...
nations that were once colonized by the
Spanish empire The Spanish Empire ( es, link=no, Imperio español), also known as the Hispanic Monarchy ( es, link=no, Monarquía Hispánica) or the Catholic Monarchy ( es, link=no, Monarquía Católica) was a colonial empire governed by Spain and its prede ...
. After both nations gained independence from
Spain , image_flag = Bandera de España.svg , image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg , national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond") , national_anthem = (English: "Royal March") , i ...
. In August 1886, Mexico appointed a resident consul in
Santo Domingo , total_type = Total , population_density_km2 = auto , timezone = AST (UTC −4) , area_code_type = Area codes , area_code = 809, 829, 849 , postal_code_type = Postal codes , postal_code = 10100–10699 (Distrito Nacional) , websi ...
. In March 1890, a treaty of 'Friendship, Navigation and Commerce' was signed between both nations. On 29 March 1929, both nations officially established diplomatic relations and in July of that year, both nations opened resident diplomatic legations in both nations capitals. Initial diplomatic relations between the two nations were unsteady due to several coup d'état, civil wars and foreign interventions; occurring in the Dominican Republic. From 1930 to 1938 and again in 1942 until his death in 1961; the Dominican Republic was ruled by President
Rafael Trujillo Rafael Leónidas Trujillo Molina ( , ; 24 October 189130 May 1961), nicknamed ''El Jefe'' (, "The Chief" or "The Boss"), was a Dominican dictator who ruled the Dominican Republic from February 1930 until his assassination in May 1961. He ser ...
. During this time period, relations between the two nations were cold at best. Mexico granted political asylum to several Dominican politicians and leading figures who were escaping persecuting in their country. After the death of Trujillo in 1961, relations improved between the two nations. In 1963, President Juan Bosch became the first Dominican head-of-state to visit Mexico. In April 1965, the United States government under President
Lyndon B. Johnson Lyndon Baines Johnson (; August 27, 1908January 22, 1973), often referred to by his initials LBJ, was an American politician who served as the 36th president of the United States from 1963 to 1969. He had previously served as the 37th vice ...
feared that the Dominican Republic would turn into a 'second
Cuba Cuba ( , ), officially the Republic of Cuba ( es, República de Cuba, links=no ), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos. Cuba is located where the northern Caribbea ...
' after the assassination of Trujillo and sent in the marines to occupy the country. Mexico vehemently condemned American occupation of the country and Mexico did not participate in the
OAS OAS or Oas may refer to: Chemistry * O-Acetylserine, amino-acid involved in cysteine synthesis Computers * Open-Architecture-System, the main user interface of Wersi musical keyboards * OpenAPI Specification (originally Swagger Specification) ...
contingency force to oversee events in the country. Soon after the election of President
Joaquín Balaguer Joaquín Antonio Balaguer Ricardo (1 September 1906 – 14 July 2002) was a Dominican politician, scholar, writer, and lawyer. He was President of the Dominican Republic serving three non-consecutive terms for that office from 1960 to 1962 ...
, American marines pulled out of the country in July 1966 and diplomatic relations between Mexico and the Dominican Republic returned to normal. In 1982, President
José López Portillo José Guillermo Abel López Portillo y Pacheco (; 16 June 1920 – 17 February 2004) was a Mexican writer, lawyer and politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) who served as the 58th president of Mexico from 1976 t ...
became the first Mexican head-of-state to pay an official visit to the Dominican Republic. There have been several high-level visits between leaders of both nations. Both nations are an active members of multinational organizations and have committed themselves to strengthen the legal framework in areas of common interest such as commercial; social development; and the recovery and restitution of cultural property.


High-level visits

Presidential visits from the Dominican Republic to Mexico * President Juan Bosch (1963) * President
Antonio Guzmán Fernández Silvestre Antonio Guzmán Fernández (February 12, 1911 – July 4, 1982), best known as Antonio Guzmán, was a Dominican businessman and a politician. He was President of the Dominican Republic, from 1978 to 1982. Early life Antonio Guzmà ...
(1980, 1982) * President
Salvador Jorge Blanco José Salvador Omar Jorge Blanco (July 5, 1926 – December 26, 2010) was a politician, lawyer and a writer. He was President of the Dominican Republic, from 1982 to 1986. He was a Senator running for the PRD party. He started his political care ...
(1982) * President
Joaquín Balaguer Joaquín Antonio Balaguer Ricardo (1 September 1906 – 14 July 2002) was a Dominican politician, scholar, writer, and lawyer. He was President of the Dominican Republic serving three non-consecutive terms for that office from 1960 to 1962 ...
(1991) * President
Hipólito Mejía Rafael Hipólito Mejía Domínguez (born 22 February 1941) is a Dominican politician who served as President of the Dominican Republic from 2000 to 2004. During his presidential term in office the country was affected by one of its worst econ ...
(2000, 2002) * President
Leonel Fernández Leonel Antonio Fernández Reyna () (born 26 December 1953) is a Dominican Republic, Dominican lawyer, academic, and was the 50th and 52nd President of the Dominican Republic from 1996 to 2000 and from 2004 to 2012. From 2016 until 2020, he was ...
(1997, 2010, 2011, 2012) * President
Danilo Medina Danilo Medina Sánchez ( : born 10 November 1951) is a Dominican politician who was President of the Dominican Republic from 2012 to 2020. Medina previously served as Chief of Staff to the President of the Dominican Republic from 1996 to 1999 ...
(2014, 2018) Presidential visits from Mexico to the Dominican Republic * President
José López Portillo José Guillermo Abel López Portillo y Pacheco (; 16 June 1920 – 17 February 2004) was a Mexican writer, lawyer and politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) who served as the 58th president of Mexico from 1976 t ...
(1982) * President
Ernesto Zedillo Ernesto Zedillo Ponce de León (; born 27 December 1951) is a Mexican economist and politician. He was 61st president of Mexico from 1 December 1994 to 30 November 2000, as the last of the uninterrupted 71-year line of Mexican presidents from t ...
(1999) * President
Vicente Fox Vicente Fox Quesada (; born 2 July 1942) is a Mexican businessman and politician who served as the 62nd president of Mexico from 1 December 2000 to 30 November 2006. After campaigning as a Right-wing populism, right-wing populist, Fox was elec ...
(2002, 2006) * President
Felipe Calderón Felipe de Jesús Calderón Hinojosa (; born 18 August 1962) is a Mexican politician who served as the 63rd president of Mexico from 1 December 2006 to 30 November 2012 and Secretary of Energy during the presidency of Vicente Fox between 2003 a ...
(2008)


Bilateral agreements

Both nations have signed several bilateral agreements such as a Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation (1891); Agreement on Cultural Exchanges (1971); Agreement on Touristic Cooperation (1984); Agreement on Air Transportation (1996); Agreement of Cooperation in Combating the Illicit Traffic, Abuse of Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances and related offenses (1997); Agreement on Technical and Scientific Cooperation and a Treaty on Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters (1997); Agreement for the Elimination of Visas in Diplomatic Passports (1997); Agreement of Cooperation in Exchange of Information and Experiences to Combat Transnational Organized Crime, Drug Trafficking and Related Crimes (2011); Treaty on Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters (2012); Extradition Treaty (2013); and a Memorandum of Understanding for the Establishment of a Consultation Mechanism on Matters of Common Interest (2015).


Transportation

There are direct flights between
Cancún Cancún ( ), often Cancun in English (without the accent; or ) is a city in southeast Mexico on the northeast coast of the Yucatán Peninsula in the Mexican state of Quintana Roo. It is a significant tourist destination in Mexico and the seat ...
and
Mexico City Mexico City ( es, link=no, Ciudad de México, ; abbr.: CDMX; Nahuatl: ''Altepetl Mexico'') is the capital and largest city of Mexico, and the most populous city in North America. One of the world's alpha cities, it is located in the Valley o ...
to
Santo Domingo , total_type = Total , population_density_km2 = auto , timezone = AST (UTC −4) , area_code_type = Area codes , area_code = 809, 829, 849 , postal_code_type = Postal codes , postal_code = 10100–10699 (Distrito Nacional) , websi ...
with
Aeroméxico Aerovías de México, S.A. de C.V. () operating as Aeroméxico (; stylized as AM), is the flag carrier airline of Mexico, based in Mexico City. It operates scheduled services to more than 90 destinations in Mexico; North, South and Central Ameri ...
and
AraJet Arajet S.A. is an ultra low-cost startup airline based in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. Operations began on the 15th of September, 2022, with a flight to Barranquilla, Colombia. History Early operations In late 2014, Dominican Wings rec ...
.


Trade relations

In 2023, two-way trade between both nations amounted to US$1.1 billion.Data México: Dominican Republic (in Spanish)
/ref> The Dominican Republic's main exports to Mexico are electronic cutting devices and machinery. Mexico's main exports to the Caribbean nation are petroleum and steel. Several Mexican multinational companies such as
América Móvil América Móvil is a Mexican telecommunications corporation headquartered in Mexico City, Mexico. It is the 7th largest mobile network operator in terms of equity subscribers and one of the largest corporations in the world. América Móvil is a ...
,
Cemex CEMEX S.A.B. de C.V., known as Cemex, is a Mexican multinational building materials company headquartered in San Pedro, near Monterrey, Mexico. It manufactures and distributes cement, ready-mix concrete and aggregates in more than 50 countries. ...
,
Jumex Grupo Jumex, S.A. de C.V. (pronounced "HOO-MEX"), which means Jugos Mexicanos (Mexican Juices), is a brand of juice and nectar from Mexico. The Jumex brand is also popular among Hispanic consumers in the United States. Currently, the Jumex Grou ...
and
Sigma Alimentos Sigma Alimentos, S.A. de C.V., also known as Sigma or Sigma Alimentos, is a Mexican multinational food processing and distribution company headquartered in San Pedro, near Monterrey, Mexico. It produces and distributes refrigerated foods, mainly ...
operate in the Dominican Republic.


Resident diplomatic missions

* Dominican Republic has an embassy in
Mexico City Mexico City ( es, link=no, Ciudad de México, ; abbr.: CDMX; Nahuatl: ''Altepetl Mexico'') is the capital and largest city of Mexico, and the most populous city in North America. One of the world's alpha cities, it is located in the Valley o ...
. * Mexico has an embassy in
Santo Domingo , total_type = Total , population_density_km2 = auto , timezone = AST (UTC −4) , area_code_type = Area codes , area_code = 809, 829, 849 , postal_code_type = Postal codes , postal_code = 10100–10699 (Distrito Nacional) , websi ...
.Embassy of Mexico in Santo Domingo
/ref> File:Embajada de la Rep. Dominicana en Mexico.jpg, Embassy of the Dominican Republic in Mexico City File:Embajada de México en Santo Domingo.jpg, Embassy of Mexico in Santo Domingo


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Dominican Republic-Mexico relations
Mexico Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...
Bilateral relations of Mexico