Direct Star
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Direct Star was a French
free-to-air Free-to-air (FTA) services are television (TV) and radio services broadcast in unencrypted form, allowing any person with the appropriate receiving equipment to receive the signal and view or listen to the content without requiring a subscripti ...
music television channel owned by
Vincent Bolloré Vincent Bolloré (born 1 April 1952) is a French billionaire businessman. He is the chairman and CEO of the investment group Bolloré. As of September 2021, his net worth is estimated at US$9 billion. Early life Bolloré was born in Boulogne-B ...
, that launched and replaced
Virgin 17 Virgin 17 was a French music video and TV show television network owned by the MCM Group, a subsidiary of Lagardère Active. It was available through digital terrestrial television (DTT). The channel was created for the launch of DTT and model ...
on 1 September 2010. The channel has been replaced on 7 October 2012 by D17 after being bought by the French group
Canal+ Canals or artificial waterways are waterways or engineered channels built for drainage management (e.g. flood control and irrigation) or for conveyancing water transport vehicles (e.g. water taxi). They carry free, calm surface flo ...
.


History


Bolloré's development in TNT

On June 10, 2010, Bolloré group, already owner of
Direct 8 Direct 8 was a national French TV channel, owned by Vincent Bolloré. It was available through digital terrestrial television Digital terrestrial television (DTTV or DTT, or DTTB with "broadcasting") is a technology for terrestrial televisi ...
, bought the
Virgin 17 Virgin 17 was a French music video and TV show television network owned by the MCM Group, a subsidiary of Lagardère Active. It was available through digital terrestrial television (DTT). The channel was created for the launch of DTT and model ...
channel from
Lagardère Active Lagardère Active SAS, also known as Lagardère Media, is the media activities arm of the French Lagardère Group. Its subsidiaries include Lagardère's radio operations, television networks, and book and magazine publishers. In 2018, Arnaud Lag ...
for a sum that would amount to approximately €70 million, excluding the takeover of staff (20 people) and part of the programs. On July 12, 2010, the
CSA CSA may refer to: Arts and media * Canadian Screen Awards, annual awards given by the Academy of Canadian Cinema & Television * Commission on Superhuman Activities, a fictional American government agency in Marvel Comics * Crime Syndicate of Amer ...
gives its agreement for this repurchase.
Yannick Bolloré Yannick Bolloré (born 1 February 1980) is a French businessman, currently the chairman and chief executive officer (CEO) of Havas, the fifth largest global communications company, and chairman of the supervisory board of Vivendi, a global entert ...
, future
general manager A general manager (GM) is an executive who has overall responsibility for managing both the revenue and cost elements of a company's income statement, known as profit & loss (P&L) responsibility. A general manager usually oversees most or all of ...
of the channel, indicates that it will be called Direct Star and announces its intention to keep the musical format of the channel and even to ''« strengthen the place of music in the first and second part of the evening »'' in a ''« more urban and contemporary'' ''»'' universe. Bolloré group appoints Christophe Sabot (former manager at NRJ and Virgin 17) as director of the channel. On July 27, 2010, the group unveiled in a press release the new identity of Direct Star created by the Parisian agency ''Dream On'', which is part of the graphic charter of the group's media activities. The Direct Star
website A website (also written as a web site) is a collection of web pages and related content that is identified by a common domain name and published on at least one web server. Examples of notable websites are Google, Facebook, Amazon, and Wi ...
goes live on August 16, 2010. On September 1, 2010 at midnight, Direct Star took over from
Virgin 17 Virgin 17 was a French music video and TV show television network owned by the MCM Group, a subsidiary of Lagardère Active. It was available through digital terrestrial television (DTT). The channel was created for the launch of DTT and model ...
and broadcast its first music video,
Alejandro Alejandro is the Spanish form of the name Alexander. Alejandro has multiple variations in different languages, including Aleksander (Czech, Polish), Alexandre ( French), Alexandros (Greek), Alsander (Irish), Alessandro (Italian), Aleksandr (Rus ...
de
Lady Gaga Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta ( ; born March 28, 1986), known professionally as Lady Gaga, is an American singer, songwriter, and actress. She is known for her image reinventions and musical versatility. Gaga began performing as a teenag ...
, in full version. That same day, at 8 pm, Direct Star officially replaces
Virgin 17 Virgin 17 was a French music video and TV show television network owned by the MCM Group, a subsidiary of Lagardère Active. It was available through digital terrestrial television (DTT). The channel was created for the launch of DTT and model ...
, with a giant alarm clock-shaped countdown as a launch program followed by a parody of an episode of the 30 Rock series. After its thematic evening devoted to music with ''Star Story'', the channel launched, on Thursday 2 December, ''Star Report'', a new thematic evening devoted to the world of luxury. On December 17, 2010, Direct Star was the first
TNT Trinitrotoluene (), more commonly known as TNT, more specifically 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, and by its preferred IUPAC name 2-methyl-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene, is a chemical compound with the formula C6H2(NO2)3CH3. TNT is occasionally used as a reagen ...
channel to broadcast a live concert. This is -M- who ended his tour ''Les Saisons de passage'', at Paris-Bercy. On December 26, 2010, Direct Star broadcast unpublished images of the last concerts and an exclusive interview with
Jean-Michel Jarre Jean-Michel André Jarre (; born 24 August 1948) is a French composer, performer and record producer. He is a pioneer in the electronic, ambient and new-age genres, and is known for organising outdoor spectacles featuring his music, accompani ...
.
Numericable Numericable was a major French cable operator and telecommunications services company. Numericable was originally created in 2007 from the merger between former competitors Noos and NC Numericable networks. Numericable Group SA was founded in Aug ...
will broadcast an exclusive 3D program on "My 3D Channel". Wednesday July 1, 2012, in an opinion that the CSA published on the sale of the two chains of the Bolloré group, the financial losses of these two chains appeared. Over the 2005-2010 period, Direct Star lost 61 million euros. Since the chain did not belong to Bolloré, but to Lagardère before mid-2010, the group is not responsible for these losses. In 2010, on a turnover of 23.7 million euros, the channel suffered an operating loss of 13.5 million euros and Direct Star's revenue growth was 56%.


The buyout by Canal+

On September 5, 2011, the
Canal+ Group Canals or artificial waterways are waterways or engineered channels built for drainage management (e.g. flood control and irrigation) or for conveyancing water transport vehicles (e.g. water taxi). They carry free, calm surface flow und ...
announced its intention to acquire 60% of Bolloré Média (with a 100% option within three years), which would make it the new owner of Direct Star. This transaction must be validated by the
French Competition Authority French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France, and its various dialects and accents ** French people, a nation and ethnic group identified with France ...
in order to be finalized. When the takeover was announced, Bertrand Meheut declared in an interview given in Les Échos that the programming of the two channels will evolve ''« gradually, in line with their current editorial policy and those of the Canal+ group channels'' ''».'' The transaction was signed between the two groups in December 2011. In January 2012, Canal+ appointed Ara Aprikian to head the new free channels division of the
Canal+ Group Canals or artificial waterways are waterways or engineered channels built for drainage management (e.g. flood control and irrigation) or for conveyancing water transport vehicles (e.g. water taxi). They carry free, calm surface flow und ...
. He is notably in charge of the transformation and integration of Direct Star into the style and editorial policy of Canal+. At this time, he proposed to the CSA a reduction, from 75% today to 50% in the long term, of the airtime reserved for musical programs on the channel, i.e. a reduction of one third of the airtime currently reserved for the music. In March 2012, Canal+ presented its proposals for film, sports and advertising rights to the Autorité de la concurrence to obtain authorization for the buyout. On July 23, 2012, the
French Competition Authority French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France, and its various dialects and accents ** French people, a nation and ethnic group identified with France ...
accepted the buyout of
Direct 8 Direct 8 was a national French TV channel, owned by Vincent Bolloré. It was available through digital terrestrial television Digital terrestrial television (DTTV or DTT, or DTTB with "broadcasting") is a technology for terrestrial televisi ...
and Direct Star, subject to conditions, by the Canal + Group. The CSA validated the operation on September 18, 2012 and the effective takeover from the Bolloré Group of its two former channels, Direct 8 and Direct Star, was finalized on September 27, 2012. On that date, the two channels were under the full operational control of the Canal + Group which decided to change the name from Direct Star to D17 on Sunday October 7, 2012 at 8:45 pm.


Programmes


Music

*''Star Music'' *''Top Direct Star'' *''Top Club'' *''Top France'' *''Top Hip-Hop'' *''Top Rock'' *''+ 2 Music'' *''Star Story''


Other

*''Morning Star'' *''Zap Direct Star'' *''Sport Extrême'' *''Star Report'' *''Star Player'' *''Poker''


Series

*''
Degrassi ''Degrassi'' is a Canadian television franchise created by Kit Hood and Linda Schuyler in 1979. It is centred on a multigenerational teen drama about an ensemble cast of teenagers attending the namesake Toronto school as they navigate their ...
'' *'' 30 Rock'' *''
The Wire ''The Wire'' is an American crime drama television series created and primarily written by author and former police reporter David Simon. The series was broadcast by the cable network HBO in the United States. ''The Wire'' premiered on June 2 ...
'' *'' 24'' *'' The Dead Zone'' *''
The L Word ''The L Word'' is a television drama that aired on Showtime from January 18, 2004 to March 8, 2009. The series follows the lives of a group of lesbian and bisexual women who live in West Hollywood, California. The premise originated with Ilene ...
' *'' Skins'' *'' Dead Zone'' *''
Alias Alias may refer to: * Pseudonym * Pen name * Nickname Arts and entertainment Film and television * ''Alias'' (2013 film), a 2013 Canadian documentary film * ''Alias'' (TV series), an American action thriller series 2001–2006 * ''Alias the ...
'' *''
Yes, Dear ''Yes, Dear'' is an American television sitcom created by Alan Kirschenbaum and Gregory Garcia, that aired on CBS from October 2, 2000, to February 15, 2006, with the total of six seasons and 122 episodes. It starred Anthony Clark, Jean Lou ...
! (VF)'' *'' Shameless'' *''
Flight of the Conchords Flight of the Conchords is a New Zealand musical comedy duo formed in Wellington in 1998. The band consists of multi-instrumentalists Bret McKenzie and Jemaine Clement. Beginning as a popular live comedy act in the early 2000s, the duo's come ...
'' *''Ma vie de star'' *''
Underbelly Underbelly is the side of something that is not normally seen. Figuratively, it means a vulnerable or weak part, similar to the term Achilles' heel, or alternatively, a hidden, illicit side of society. This term could refer to: Business * ...
'' *''Forces Spéciales''


Anime

*''
One Piece ''One Piece'' (stylized in all caps) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Eiichiro Oda. It has been serialized in Shueisha's ''shōnen'' manga magazine '' Weekly Shōnen Jump'' since July 1997, with its individual cha ...
'' *''
Fullmetal Alchemist is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Hiromu Arakawa. It was serialized in Square Enix's ''shōnen'' manga anthology magazine '' Monthly Shōnen Gangan'' between July 2001 and June 2010; the publisher later collected th ...
'' *'' Black Butler'' *'' Fullmetal Alchemist: Brotherhood'' *'' Dragon Ball Z'' *'' Bleach'' *''
Fairy Tail ''Fairy Tail'' is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Hiro Mashima. It was serialized in Kodansha's ''Weekly Shōnen Magazine'' from August 2006 to July 2017, with the individual chapters collected and published into 63 ' ...
''


Reality TV

*''
America's Next Top Model ''America's Next Top Model'' (abbreviated ''ANTM'' and ''Top Model'') is an American reality television series and interactive competition in which a number of aspiring models compete for the title of "America's Next Top Model" and a chance to b ...
'' *''Regime Tempo (VF)'' *'' True Beauty (VF)'' *''
Janice Dickinson Modeling Agency ''The Janice Dickinson Modeling Agency'', or ''TJDMA'', was a reality television series that debuted on Oxygen on June 6, 2006. The show completed four seasons, through which it followed the self-proclaimed world's first supermodel Janice Dickinso ...
'' *''Parle à ma mère !'' *''
Keeping Up with the Kardashians ''Keeping Up with the Kardashians'' (often abbreviated ''KUWTK'') is an American reality television series which focused on the personal and professional lives of the Kardashian–Jenner blended family, airing between 2007 and 2021. Its prem ...
(VF)''


See also

*
Direct 8 Direct 8 was a national French TV channel, owned by Vincent Bolloré. It was available through digital terrestrial television Digital terrestrial television (DTTV or DTT, or DTTB with "broadcasting") is a technology for terrestrial televisi ...
*
Bolloré Bolloré SE () is a French conglomerate headquartered in Puteaux, on the western outskirts of Paris, France. Founded in 1822, the company has interests in Vivendi, international freight forwarding, oil storage and pipelines in France, solid sta ...
*
Télévision Numérique Terrestre Television in France was introduced in 1931, when the first experimental broadcasts began. Colour television was introduced in October 1967 on La Deuxième Chaîne. Digital terrestrial television The digital terrestrial television platform w ...


References

{{French television stations Defunct French television channels Television channels and stations established in 2010 Television channels and stations disestablished in 2012 French-language television stations 2010 establishments in France 2012 disestablishments in France