The Dictatorship of Garibaldi or Dictatorial Government of Sicily was the provisional

executive Executive ( exe., exec., execu.) may refer to: Role or title * Executive, a senior management role in an organization ** Chief executive officer (CEO), one of the highest-ranking corporate officers (executives) or administrators ** Executive dir ...

that Giuseppe Garibaldi appointed to govern the territory of

Sicily (man) it, Siciliana (woman) , population_note = , population_blank1_title = , population_blank1 = , demographics_type1 = Ethnicity , demographics1_footnotes = , demographi ...

during the

Expedition of the Thousand The Expedition of the Thousand ( it, Spedizione dei Mille) was an event of the Italian Risorgimento that took place in 1860. A corps of volunteers led by Giuseppe Garibaldi sailed from Quarto, near Genoa (now Quarto dei Mille) and landed in Mars ...

in 1860. It governed in opposition to the Bourbons of Naples.

History

On 14 May 1860 in

Salemi Salemi is a town and ''comune'' in southwestern Sicily, Italy, administratively part of the province of Trapani. History Salemi is where Giuseppe Garibaldi announced the annexation of Sicily on May 14, 1860, as part of the Expedition of the T ...

, Garibaldi announced that he was assuming

dictatorship A dictatorship is a form of government which is characterized by a leader, or a group of leaders, which holds governmental powers with few to no limitations on them. The leader of a dictatorship is called a dictator. Politics in a dictatorship a ...

over Sicily, in the name of

Victor Emmanuel II of Italy en, Victor Emmanuel Maria Albert Eugene Ferdinand Thomas , house = Savoy , father = Charles Albert of Sardinia , mother = Maria Theresa of Austria , religion = Roman Catholicism , image_size = 252px , succession1 ...

. On 17 May, Francesco Crispi was appointed First Secretary of State. The Redshirts advanced to Palermo, the capital of the island, and launched a siege on 27 May. On 2 June 1860 in Palermo were appointed four secretaries of State and created six departments. Created the Sicilian Army and a fleet of the government of Sicily. The pace of Garibaldi's victories had worried Cavour, who in early July sent him a proposal of immediate annexation of Sicily to

Piedmont it, Piemontese , population_note = , population_blank1_title = , population_blank1 = , demographics_type1 = , demographics1_footnotes = , demographics1_title1 = , demographics1_info1 = , demographics1_title2 ...

. Garibaldi, however, refused vehemently to allow such a move until the end of the war. Cavour's envoy, Giuseppe La Farina, was arrested and expelled from the island. He was replaced by the more malleable Agostino Depretis, who gained Garibaldi's trust and was appointed as pro-dictator.Agostino Depretis in ''Dizionario Biografico – Treccani''
/ref> The dictatorial government ended 2 December 1860, while November, 4, the annexation of the

Kingdom of Italy The Kingdom of Italy ( it, Regno d'Italia) was a state that existed from 1861, when Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia was proclaimed King of Italy, until 1946, when civil discontent led to an institutional referendum to abandon the monarchy and f ...

was ratified by the popular plebiscite of 21 October.

First Secretary of State

* Francesco Crispi (17 May – 18 July 1860) * Giuseppe Sirtori (18–22 July 1860) pro-dictator * Agostino Depretis (22 July – 14 September 1860) pro-dictator * Antonio Mordini (17 September – 2 December 1860) pro-dictator

Notes

Sources

* * {{Sicily Italian unification 1860 in Italy 19th century in Sicily Giuseppe Garibaldi 1860 establishments in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies States and territories established in 1860 States and territories disestablished in 1860

History

First Secretary of State

See also

Notes

Sources