δ-Viniferin is a resveratrol dehydro

dimer Dimer may refer to: * Dimer (chemistry), a chemical structure formed from two similar sub-units ** Protein dimer, a protein quaternary structure ** d-dimer * Dimer model, an item in statistical mechanics, based on ''domino tiling'' * Julius Dimer ...

. It is an isomer of epsilon-viniferin. It can be isolated from stressed grapevine (''

Vitis vinifera ''Vitis vinifera'', the common grape vine, is a species of flowering plant, native to the Mediterranean region, Central Europe, and southwestern Asia, from Morocco and Portugal north to southern Germany and east to northern Iran. There are curr ...

'') leaves. It is also found in plant cell cultures and wine. It can also be found in ''

Rheum maximowiczii ''Rheum maximowiczii'' is a large herbaceous perennial plant species in the genus ''Rheum (plant), Rheum'' (rhubarbs) from the mountains of Central Asia where it grows in Kazakhstan, eastern Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan and northeastern Afg ...

''. It is a grapevine

phytoalexin Phytoalexins are antimicrobial substances, some of which are antioxidative as well. They are defined, not by their having any particular chemical structure or character, but by the fact that they are defensively synthesized ''de novo'' by plants th ...

following stresses like fungal infection (by ''

Plasmopara viticola ''Plasmopara viticola'', the causal agent of grapevine downy mildew, is a heterothallic oomycete that overwinters as oospores in leaf litter and soil. In the spring, oospores germinate to produce macrosporangia, which under wet condition releas ...

'', the agent of downy mildew),

UV light Ultraviolet (UV) is a form of electromagnetic radiation with wavelength from 10 nm (with a corresponding frequency around 30 PHz) to 400 nm (750 THz), shorter than that of visible light, but longer than X-rays. UV radiation i ...

irradiation Irradiation is the process by which an object is exposed to radiation. The exposure can originate from various sources, including natural sources. Most frequently the term refers to ionizing radiation, and to a level of radiation that will serve ...

ozone Ozone (), or trioxygen, is an inorganic molecule with the chemical formula . It is a pale blue gas with a distinctively pungent smell. It is an allotrope of oxygen that is much less stable than the diatomic allotrope , breaking down in the lo ...

treatment. ''

Botryosphaeria obtusa ''Botryosphaeria obtusa'' is a plant pathogen that causes frogeye leaf spot, black rot and cankers on many plant species. On the leaf it is referred to as frogeye leaf spot; this phase typically affects tree and shrubs. In fruit such as the apple ...

'', a pathogen responsible for the black dead arm disease of grapevine, has also been shown to be able to oxidise wood δ-resveratrol into delta-viniferin. In cell cultures, the use of

methyl jasmonate Methyl jasmonate (abbreviated MeJA) is a volatile organic compound used in plant defense and many diverse developmental pathways such as seed germination, root growth, flowering, fruit ripening, and senescence. Methyl jasmonate is derived from ...

and jasmonic acid as elicitors stimulates δ-viniferin biosynthesis. Delta-viniferin can also be produced from resveratrol by human PTGS1 (COX-1, cyclooxygenase-1) or from ''trans''-resveratrol and (−)- epsilon-viniferin by horseradish peroxidase.

References

External links

Stilbenoids isolated from ''Vitis vinifera'' at Schroeder group website
{{DEFAULTSORT:Viniferin, delta- Resveratrol oligomers Stilbenoid dimers Phytoalexins Oxygen heterocycles Heterocyclic compounds with 2 rings

See also

References

External links