Dai Chuanzeng (or Dai Chuanceng, 1921–1990, ) was a Chinese

nuclear physicist Nuclear physics is the field of physics that studies atomic nuclei and their constituents and interactions, in addition to the study of other forms of nuclear matter. Nuclear physics should not be confused with atomic physics, which studies the ...

who made fundamental contributions to China's nuclear research and industry.

Life

Dai was born on 21 December 1921 in Dayan Village, Yin County (present Yinzhou District) of

Ningbo Ningbo (; Ningbonese: ''gnin² poq⁷'' , Standard Mandarin pronunciation: ), formerly romanized as Ningpo, is a major sub-provincial city in northeast Zhejiang province, People's Republic of China. It comprises 6 urban districts, 2 sate ...

Zhejiang Zhejiang ( or , ; , also romanized as Chekiang) is an eastern, coastal province of the People's Republic of China. Its capital and largest city is Hangzhou, and other notable cities include Ningbo and Wenzhou. Zhejiang is bordered by Jiang ...

province. Dai graduated from the famous Xiaoshi High School ( 宁波效实中学) in Ningbo. Dai studied

physics Physics is the natural science that studies matter, its fundamental constituents, its motion and behavior through space and time, and the related entities of energy and force. "Physical science is that department of knowledge which r ...

and graduated in 1942 from the

National Southwestern Associated University When the Second Sino-Japanese War broke out between China and Japan in 1937, Peking University, Tsinghua University and Nankai University merged to form Changsha Temporary University in Changsha and later National Southwestern Associated Universi ...

(NSAU). Dai taught as an assistant at NSAU, Sun Yat-sen University and

Tsinghua University Tsinghua University (; abbreviation, abbr. THU) is a National university, national Public university, public research university in Beijing, China. The university is funded by the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Minis ...

. Dai topped (ranked first of totally 400) the Sino-British Boxer Indemnity Scholarship Program.核能专家戴传曾(戴自立)
/ref> In 1947, Dai went to study in UK and received

PhD PHD or PhD may refer to: * Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), an academic qualification Entertainment * '' PhD: Phantasy Degree'', a Korean comic series * ''Piled Higher and Deeper'', a web comic * Ph.D. (band), a 1980s British group ** Ph.D. (Ph.D. albu ...

from the

University of Liverpool , mottoeng = These days of peace foster learning , established = 1881 – University College Liverpool1884 – affiliated to the federal Victoria Universityhttp://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukla/2004/4 University of Manchester Act 200 ...

(advisor James Chadwick). In 1950s Dai went back to China (when Dai was abroad in UK, China already changed its

regime In politics, a regime (also "régime") is the form of government or the set of rules, cultural or social norms, etc. that regulate the operation of a government or institution and its interactions with society. According to Yale professor Juan Jo ...

from the

Republic of China Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the northeast ...

to the newly founded

People's Republic of China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...

). Dai was a researcher at the Institute of Modern Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) in

Beijing } Beijing ( ; ; ), alternatively romanized as Peking ( ), is the capital of the People's Republic of China. It is the center of power and development of the country. Beijing is the world's most populous national capital city, with over 21 ...

. Dai was the

Vice-president A vice president, also director in British English, is an officer in government or business who is below the president (chief executive officer) in rank. It can also refer to executive vice presidents, signifying that the vice president is on t ...

President President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) *President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ful ...

, Honorary-president of the China Institute of Atomic Energy (中国原子能研究院). Dai was a Deputy-director of the State Nuclear Safety and Environmental Control Committee. Dai was a director of the Chinese Nuclear Physics Society (中国核物理学会), an honorary-director of the Chinese Meteorological Society (中国计量学会), and the deputy

director-general A director general or director-general (plural: ''directors general'', ''directors-general'', ''director generals'' or ''director-generals'' ) or general director is a senior executive officer, often the chief executive officer, within a government ...

of the Chinese Nuclear Power Society (中国核动力学会). Dai was a senior academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Dai died in Beijing on 18 November 1990.

Merits

Dai's early research focused on developing the nuclear detector of high accuracy, which is closely related to his doctoral study. He was a founding father of this field in China. Dai's team built the first neutron crystal spectrometer, the first neutron diffractometer, the first zero-energy thermal reactor, the first neutron transmutation doping of monocrystalline silicon, first large-sized electromagnetic separator in China. Dai is the father of the Chinese nuclear micro-reactor.

References

External links

* Internet encyclopedia of Hudong.co
Biography of Dai Chuan-Zeng
* Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commissio

Dai Chuan-Zeng's profile at Huaxia.com
{{DEFAULTSORT:Dai, Chuanzeng 1921 births 1990 deaths Alumni of the University of Liverpool Boxer Indemnity Scholarship recipients Chinese nuclear physicists Educators from Ningbo Members of the Chinese Academy of Sciences National Southwestern Associated University alumni Physicists from Zhejiang Scientists from Ningbo Academic staff of Tsinghua University