Dybbøl
Dybbøl is a small town with a population of 2,339 (1 January 2022)South Jutland,
Denmark
)
, song = ( en, "King Christian stood by the lofty mast")
, song_type = National and royal anthem
, image_map = EU-Denmark.svg
, map_caption =
, subdivision_type = Sovereign state
, subdivision_name = Kingdom of Denmark
, establish ...
) is the name of a neighbourhood as well as of an adjacent
forest
A forest is an area of land dominated by trees. Hundreds of definitions of forest are used throughout the world, incorporating factors such as tree density, tree height, land use, legal standing, and ecological function. The United Nations' ...
in the
borough
A borough is an administrative division in various English-speaking countries. In principle, the term ''borough'' designates a self-governing walled town, although in practice, official use of the term varies widely.
History
In the Middle A ...
Berlin
Berlin ( , ) is the capital and List of cities in Germany by population, largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's List of cities in the European Union by population within ci ...
,
Germany
Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...
. The neighbourhood itself is a part of the Zehlendorf locality.
History
Archaeological finds indicate a Slavic settlement established about 1170. In 1242 the Margraves John I and Otto III of Brandenburg sold the area together with the neighbouring village of Zehlendorf to
Lehnin Abbey
Lehnin Abbey (german: Kloster Lehnin) is a former Cistercian monastery in Lehnin in Brandenburg, Germany. Founded in 1180 and secularized during the Protestant Reformation in 1542, it has accommodated the ''Luise-Henrietten-Stift'', a Protestant ...
. The Slavic village became abandoned about 1300, from 1975 on parts of it have been reconstructed as an
open-air museum
An open-air museum (or open air museum) is a museum that exhibits collections of buildings and artifacts out-of-doors. It is also frequently known as a museum of buildings or a folk museum.
Definition
Open air is “the unconfined atmosphereâ ...
.
In 1830 royal
forester
A forester is a person who practises forestry, the science, art, and profession of managing forests. Foresters engage in a broad range of activities including ecological restoration and management of protected areas. Foresters manage forests to ...
Friedrich Bensch built a mansion here, that was acquired by
Prince Frederick Charles of Prussia
A prince is a male ruler (ranked below a king, grand prince, and grand duke) or a male member of a monarch's or former monarch's family. ''Prince'' is also a title of nobility (often highest), often hereditary, in some European states. The ...
in 1859. In view of his victorious command in the 1864 Battle of Dybbøl he received the title "Düppel Manor" for his estates. In 1928 Düppel was incorporated into
Greater Berlin
The Greater Berlin Act (german: Groß-Berlin-Gesetz), officially Law Regarding the Creation of the New Municipality of Berlin (german: Gesetz über die Bildung einer neuen Stadtgemeinde Berlin), was a law passed by the Prussian state government i ...
.
After
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing ...
Düppel was part of the
American
American(s) may refer to:
* American, something of, from, or related to the United States of America, commonly known as the "United States" or "America"
** Americans, citizens and nationals of the United States of America
** American ancestry, pe ...
sector of
West Berlin
West Berlin (german: Berlin (West) or , ) was a political enclave which comprised the western part of Berlin during the years of the Cold War. Although West Berlin was de jure not part of West Germany, lacked any sovereignty, and was under mi ...
. In January 1946, the
US Army
The United States Army (USA) is the land service branch of the United States Armed Forces. It is one of the eight U.S. uniformed services, and is designated as the Army of the United States in the U.S. Constitution.Article II, section 2, cla ...
established a large displaced persons (DP) camp here to accommodate the Jewish refugees fleeing from Poland in the wake of anti-Jewish violence, many of whom subsequently made their way to the American Zone in the western part of Germany.Königseder, Angelika. "Durchgangstation Berlin: Jüdische Displaced Persons 1945-1948." ''Überlebt und unterwegs''. Ed. Fritz Bauer Institut. Frankfurt am Main: Campus Verlag, 1997. 189-205. At its peak, in September 1946, the camp, which was known as Düppel Center or Schlachtensee DP Camp, housed 5,130 Jewish displaced persons.Königseder, Angelika, and Juliane Wetzel. ''Waiting for Hope: Jewish Displaced Persons in Post-World War II Germany''. Trans. John A. Broadwin. Evanston, Ill.: Northwestern University Press, 2001. 223 ("Düppel Center Berlin," in "Appendix: List of Camps").United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Duppel Center " in: nline exhibition Retrieved 4 June 2014. It eventually had its own elementary and religious schools, a sports club, a theater group, and a Yiddish-language newspaper. In July 1948, during the
Berlin Blockade
The Berlin Blockade (24 June 1948 – 12 May 1949) was one of the first major international crises of the Cold War. During the multinational occupation of post–World War II Germany, the Soviet Union blocked the Western Allies' railway, ro ...
, Düppel Center was hastily evacuated and closed, with most of the residents being flown out to
Frankfurt am Main
Frankfurt, officially Frankfurt am Main (; Hessian: , "Frank ford on the Main"), is the most populous city in the German state of Hesse. Its 791,000 inhabitants as of 2022 make it the fifth-most populous city in Germany. Located on its na ...
, from where they were transferred to other DP camps. The facility then served for the placement of refugees arriving from the
German Democratic Republic
German(s) may refer to:
* Germany (of or related to)
** Germania (historical use)
* Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language
** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law
**G ...
and East Berlin. Today Düppel is the site of a small lower security
prison
A prison, also known as a jail, gaol (dated, standard English, Australian, and historically in Canada), penitentiary (American English and Canadian English), detention center (or detention centre outside the US), correction center, corre ...