Prague, Czech Republic, April 2016 - 412

Czech nationalism is a form of

nationalism Nationalism is an idea and movement that holds that the nation should be congruent with the State (polity), state. As a movement, nationalism tends to promote the interests of a particular nation (as in a in-group and out-group, group of peo ...

which asserts that

Czechs The Czechs ( cs, Češi, ; singular Czech, masculine: ''Čech'' , singular feminine: ''Češka'' ), or the Czech people (), are a West Slavic ethnic group and a nation native to the Czech Republic in Central Europe, who share a common ancestry, ...

are a

nation A nation is a community of people formed on the basis of a combination of shared features such as language, history, ethnicity, culture and/or society. A nation is thus the collective identity of a group of people understood as defined by th ...

and promotes the cultural unity of Czechs. Modern Czech nationalism arose in the 19th century in the form of the

Czech National Revival The Czech National Revival was a cultural movement which took place in the Czech lands during the 18th and 19th centuries. The purpose of this movement was to revive the Czech language, culture and national identity. The most prominent figures o ...

. In 1848, Czech nationalism became an important political factor in the

Austrian Empire The Austrian Empire (german: link=no, Kaiserthum Oesterreich, modern spelling , ) was a Central- Eastern European multinational great power from 1804 to 1867, created by proclamation out of the realms of the Habsburgs. During its existence, ...

due to the activities of the Old Czech Party, led by František Palacký. During

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was List of wars and anthropogenic disasters by death toll, one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, ...

, Czech nationalist politicians, such as

Karel Kramář Karel Kramář (27 December 1860 – 26 May 1937) was a Czech politician. He was a representative of the major Czech political party, the Young Czechs, in the Austrian Imperial Council from 1891 to 1915 (where he was also known as Karl Kramarsc ...

in the

Czech lands The Czech lands or the Bohemian lands ( cs, České země ) are the three historical regions of Bohemia, Moravia, and Czech Silesia. Together the three have formed the Czech part of Czechoslovakia since 1918, the Czech Socialist Republic sin ...

and

Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk Tomáš () is a Czech and Slovak given name, equivalent to the name Thomas. It may refer to: * Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk (1850–1937), first President of Czechoslovakia * Tomáš Baťa (1876–1932), Czech footwear entrepreneur * Tomáš Berdy ...

abroad, endorsed the idea of independence from

Austro-Hungarian Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire,, the Dual Monarchy, or Austria, was a constitutional monarchy and great power in Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. It was formed with the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1 ...

rule. After 1918 and the creation of

Czechoslovakia , rue, Чеськословеньско, , yi, טשעכאסלאוואקיי, , common_name = Czechoslovakia , life_span = 1918–19391945–1992 , p1 = Austria-Hungary , image_p1 ...

, the absolute majority of Czech politicians and society adopted

Czechoslovakism Czechoslovakism ( cs, Čechoslovakismus, sk, Čechoslovakizmus) is a concept which underlines reciprocity of the Czechs and the Slovaks. It is best known as an ideology which holds that there is one Czechoslovak nation, though it might also appe ...

, that is, the notion of a unified state including

Slovakia Slovakia (; sk, Slovensko ), officially the Slovak Republic ( sk, Slovenská republika, links=no ), is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east, Hungary to the south, Austria to the ...

. The transformation of Czechoslovakia into a liberal

market economy A market economy is an economic system in which the decisions regarding investment, production and distribution to the consumers are guided by the price signals created by the forces of supply and demand, where all suppliers and consumers ...

during the years 1990-1992 saw disputes between Czechs and Slovaks about the character of the Czechoslovak federation. Separatist forces were strengthened by Slovak nationalist aspirations as well as by Czech

economic nationalism Economic nationalism, also called economic patriotism and economic populism, is an ideology that favors state interventionism over other market mechanisms, with policies such as domestic control of the economy, labor, and capital formation, inclu ...

, the latter based on the perception that the

were subsidizing less-developed Slovakia. Czechoslovakia was divided into the

Czech Republic The Czech Republic, or simply Czechia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Historically known as Bohemia, it is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the southeast. The ...

and Slovakia, with the Czech Republic becoming independent on 1 January 1993.

List of Czech nationalist political parties

Current nationalist parties or parties with nationalist factions

Right-wing

* Freedom and Direct Democracy *

Unified – Alternative for Patriots Unified – Alternative for Patriots ( cs, Jednotní – alternativa pro patrioty) is a political party in the Czech Republic. It was founded by three MPs from Freedom and Direct Democracy (SPD) after they left the party. The party participated in ...

* Tricolour Citizens' Movement * Civic Democratic Party * Civic Conservative Party *

Svobodní Svobodní ( en, Freedomites), until 2019 known as the Party of Free Citizens or the Free Citizens' Party ( cs, Strana svobodných občanů), is a classical liberal and right-libertarian,

Party of Common Sense Party of Common Sense ( cs, Strana zdravého rozumu) is a Czech nationalist political party. It is led by Petr Hannig. History The party was founded in 2002 by Petr Hannig Petr Hannig is a Czech singer, producer, politician and leader of the Par ...

National Democracy National Democracy may refer to: * National Democracy (Czech Republic) * National Democracy (Italy) * National Democracy (Philippines) * National Democracy (Poland) * National Democracy (Spain) See also * Civic nationalism, a general concept * ...

* Workers' Party of Social Justice

Left-wing

Czech National Social Party Czech National Social Party (Czech: ''Česká strana národně sociální'', ČSNS) is a civic nationalist political party in the Czech Republic, that once played an important role in Czechoslovakia during the interwar period. It was establish ...

* National Socialists – Left of the 21st century * Party of Civic Rights *

Czech National Socialist Party The Czech National Socialist Party ( cs, Česká strana národně socialistická), abbreviated to ČSNS 2005, was a centre-left nationalist political party in the Czech Republic. Founded in 2005 by members of the Czech National Social Party bec ...

Czech Sovereignty ČSSD – Czech Sovereignty of Social Democracy ( cs, ČSSD – Česká Suverenita sociální demokracie), until 29 June 2023 known as Czech Sovereignty ( cs, Česká suverenita), formerly also known Free Bloc ( cs, Volný blok) and Sovereignty � ...

Notes

{{Ethnic nationalism Society of the Czech Republic