A cyclase is an
enzyme
Enzymes () are proteins that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different molecules known as products ...
, almost always a
lyase
In biochemistry, a lyase is an enzyme that catalyzes the breaking (an elimination reaction) of various chemical bonds by means other than hydrolysis (a substitution reaction) and oxidation, often forming a new double bond or a new ring structu ...
, that
catalyzes a
chemical reaction
A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the chemical transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. Classically, chemical reactions encompass changes that only involve the positions of electrons in the forming and breaking ...
to form a
cyclic compound. Important cyclase enzymes include:
*
Adenylyl cyclase
Adenylate cyclase (EC 4.6.1.1, also commonly known as adenyl cyclase and adenylyl cyclase, abbreviated AC) is an enzyme with systematic name ATP diphosphate-lyase (cyclizing; 3′,5′-cyclic-AMP-forming). It catalyzes the following reaction:
:A ...
, which forms
cyclic AMP
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP, cyclic AMP, or 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate) is a second messenger important in many biological processes. cAMP is a derivative of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and used for intracellular signal tra ...
from
adenosine triphosphate
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is an organic compound that provides energy to drive many processes in living cells, such as muscle contraction, nerve impulse propagation, condensate dissolution, and chemical synthesis. Found in all known forms ...
(EC 4.6.1.1)
**
ADCY1
**
ADCY2
**
ADCY3
**
ADCY4
**
ADCY5
Adenylyl cyclase type 5 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''ADCY5'' gene.
Interactions
ADCY5 has been shown to interact with RGS2
Regulator of G-protein signaling 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''RGS2'' gene. It ...
**
ADCY6
**
ADCY7
**
ADCY8
**
ADCY9
**
ADCY10
*
Guanylyl cyclase, which forms
cyclic GMP
Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) is a cyclic nucleotide derived from guanosine triphosphate (GTP). cGMP acts as a second messenger much like cyclic AMP. Its most likely mechanism of action is activation of intracellular protein kinases in ...
from
guanosine triphosphate
Guanosine-5'-triphosphate (GTP) is a purine nucleoside triphosphate. It is one of the building blocks needed for the synthesis of RNA during the transcription process. Its structure is similar to that of the guanosine nucleoside, the only ...
(EC 4.6.1.2)
**
GUCY1A2
**
GUCY1A3
**
GUCY1B3
**
Guanylate cyclase 2C
**
Guanylate cyclase 2D
**
Guanylate cyclase 2F
**
NPR1
**
NPR2
* Protein cyclase, a
ligase enzyme that produces backbone-cyclised proteins by intramolecular
transpeptidation
{{enzyme index
EC 4.6.1