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Cupferron is jargon for the ammonium salt of the conjugate base derived from ''N''-nitroso-N-phenylhydroxylamine. It once was a common reagent for the
Cupferron is prepared from
complexation
A coordination complex consists of a central atom or ion, which is usually metallic and is called the ''coordination centre'', and a surrounding array of bound molecules or ions, that are in turn known as ''ligands'' or complexing agents. Many ...
of metal ions, being of interest in the area of qualitative inorganic analysis
Classical qualitative inorganic analysis is a method of analytical chemistry which seeks to find the elemental composition of inorganic compounds. It is mainly focused on detecting ions in an aqueous solution, therefore materials in other forms ma ...
. Its formula is
NH4 6H5N(O)NO The anion binds to metal cations through the two oxygen atoms, forming five-membered chelate
Chelation is a type of bonding of ions and molecules to metal ions. It involves the formation or presence of two or more separate coordinate bonds between a polydentate (multiple bonded) ligand and a single central metal atom. These ligands are ...
rings.
Synthesis and complexes
Cupferron is prepared from phenylhydroxylamine
Phenylhydroxylamine is the organic compound with the formula C6H5NHOH. It is an intermediate in the redox-related pair C6H5NH2 and C6H5NO. Phenylhydroxylamine should not be confused with its isomer α-phenylhydroxylamine or ''O''-phenylhydroxyl ...
and an NO+ source:
::C6H5NHOH + C4H9ONO + NH3 → NH4 6H5N(O)NO+ C4H9OH
Being a bidentate mono-anionic ligand, CU− forms complexes analogous to those produced with acetylacetonate. Illustrative complexes include Cu(CU)2, Fe(CU)3, and Zr(CU)4.
References