The Pezizaceae (commonly referred to as cup fungi) are a

family Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...

fungi A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from ...

in the Ascomycota which produce

mushroom A mushroom or toadstool is the fleshy, spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus, typically produced above ground, on soil, or on its food source. ''Toadstool'' generally denotes one poisonous to humans. The standard for the name "mushroom" is ...

s that tend to grow in the shape of a "cup". Spores are formed on the inner surface of the fruit body (mushroom). The cup shape typically serves to focus raindrops into splashing spores out of the cup. Additionally, the curvature enables wind currents to blow the spores out in a different manner than in most

agarics An agaric () is a type of fungus fruiting body characterized by the presence of a pileus (cap) that is clearly differentiated from the stipe (stalk), with lamellae (gills) on the underside of the pileus. In the UK, agarics are called "mushrooms ...

and

boletes {{refimprove, date=July 2020 A bolete is a type of mushroom, or fungal fruiting body. It can be identified thanks to a unique mushroom cap. The cap is clearly different from the stem. On the underside of the cap there is usually a spongy surfa ...

. Cup fungi grow in peculiar shapes, frequently resembling cups or saucers. For example, the orange peel fungus (''

Aleuria aurantia ''Aleuria aurantia'' (orange peel fungus) is a widespread ascomycete fungus in the order Pezizales. The brilliant orange, cup-shaped ascocarps often resemble orange peels strewn on the ground, giving this species its common name. Taxonomy Chris ...

'') resembles a discarded orange rind. They may be vividly colored, like the scarlet cup (''Sarcoscypha coccinea''), which is often one of the first signs of spring where it grows. According to one 2008 estimate, the family contains 31 genera and 230 species.

Subtaxa

Pezizaceae includes the following: *'' Adelphella'' **'' Adelphella babingtonii'' *'' Amylascus'' **'' Amylascus tasmanicus'' *'' Aquapeziza'' **'' Aquapeziza globispora'' *'' Boudiera'' **'' Boudiera acanthospora'' **'' Boudiera dennisii'' **'' Boudiera tracheia'' *'' Calongea'' **'' Calongea prieguensis'' *'' Cazia'' **'' Cazia flexiascus'' *'' Chromelosporium'' **'' Chromelosporium carneum'' **'' Chromelosporium macrospermum'' *'' Delastria'' **'' Delastria rosea'' **'' Delastria supernova'' *'' Elderia'' **'' Elderia arenivaga'' *'' Galactinia'' **'' Galactinia pseudosylvestris'' *'' Glischroderma'' *'' Hapsidomyces'' **'' Hapsidomyces venezuelensis'' *''

Hydnobolites ''Hydnobolites'' is a genus of fungi within the Pezizaceae The Pezizaceae (commonly referred to as cup fungi) are a family of fungi in the Ascomycota which produce mushrooms that tend to grow in the shape of a "cup". Spores are formed on the ...

'' **'' Hydnobolites californicus'' **'' Hydnobolites cerebriformis'' *'' Hydnoplicata'' **'' Hydnoplicata convoluta'' *'' Hydnotryopsis'' **'' Hydnotryopsis gautierioides'' **'' Hydnotryopsis gilkeyae'' **'' Hydnotryopsis setchellii'' *''

Imaia ''Imaia'' is a fungal genus in the family Morchellaceae found in Japan, and in the Appalachian Mountains of the US. A monotypic genus, ''Imaia'' was circumscribed in 2008 by James Martin Trappe and Gábor M. Kovácsto to contain the truffle-li ...

'' **'' Imaia gigantea'' *''

Iodophanus ''Iodophanus'' is a genus of fungi within the Pezizaceae The Pezizaceae (commonly referred to as cup fungi) are a family of fungi in the Ascomycota which produce mushrooms that tend to grow in the shape of a "cup". Spores are formed on the i ...

'' **'' Iodophanus carneus'' **'' Iodophanus hyperboreus'' **'' Iodophanus testaceus'' *''

Iodowynnea ''Iodowynnea'' is a genus of fungi within the Pezizaceae family. This is a monotypic In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon. A monotypic species is one that does not in ...

'' **'' Iodowynnea auriformis'' *''

Kalaharituber ''Kalaharituber'' is a fungal genus in the family Pezizaceae. It is a monotypic genus, whose single truffle-like species, ''Kalaharituber pfeilii'', is found in the Kalahari Desert, which spans the larger part of Botswana, the east of Namibia an ...

'' **'' Kalaharituber pfeilii'' *'' Luteoamylascus'' **'' Luteoamylascus aculeatus'' *'' Mattirolomyces'' **'' Mattirolomyces austroafricanus'' **'' Mattirolomyces mexicanus'' **'' Mattirolomyces mulpu'' **'' Mattirolomyces spinosus'' **'' Mattirolomyces terfezioides'' *'' Muciturbo'' *'' Mycoclelandia'' **'' Mycoclelandia arenacea'' **'' Mycoclelandia bulundari'' *'' Oedocephalum'' **'' Oedocephalum adhaerens'' **'' Oedocephalum elegans'' **'' Oedocephalum nayoroense'' *''

Pachyella ''Pachyella'' is a genus of fungi in the family Pezizaceae. It was circumscribed by Jean Louis Émile Boudier Jean Louis Émile Boudier (6 January 1828, in Garnay – 4 February 1920, in Blois) was a pharmacist who lived in Montmorency, ...

'' **'' Pachyella adnata'' **''

Pachyella babingtonii ''Pachyella'' is a genus of fungi in the family Pezizaceae. It was circumscribed by Jean Louis Émile Boudier Jean Louis Émile Boudier (6 January 1828, in Garnay – 4 February 1920, in Blois) was a pharmacist who lived in Montmorency, ...

'' **''

Pachyella clypeata ''Pachyella'' is a genus of fungi in the family Pezizaceae. It was circumscribed by Jean Louis Émile Boudier Jean Louis Émile Boudier (6 January 1828, in Garnay – 4 February 1920, in Blois) was a pharmacist who lived in Montmorency, ...

'' **'' Pachyella habrospora'' **'' Pachyella punctispora'' **''

Pachyella violaceonigra ''Pachyella'' is a genus of fungi in the family Pezizaceae. It was circumscribed by Jean Louis Émile Boudier Jean Louis Émile Boudier (6 January 1828, in Garnay – 4 February 1920, in Blois) was a pharmacist who lived in Montmorency, ...

'' *'' Pachyphlodes'' **'' Pachyphlodes austro-oregonensis'' **'' Pachyphlodes carneus'' **'' Pachyphlodes citrinus'' **'' Pachyphlodes conglomerata'' **'' Pachyphlodes depressus'' **'' Pachyphlodes ligericus'' **'' Pachyphlodes marronina'' **'' Pachyphlodes melanoxanthus'' **'' Pachyphlodes nemoralis'' **'' Pachyphlodes pfisteri'' **'' Pachyphlodes thysellii'' **'' Pachyphlodes virescens'' *'' Pachyphloeus'' **'' Pachyphloeus oleiferus'' *''

Peziza ''Peziza'' is a large genus of saprophytic cup fungi that grow on the ground, rotting wood, or dung. Most members of this genus are of unknown edibility and are difficult to identify as separate species without use of microscopy. The polyphylet ...

'' **'' Peziza alaskana'' **''

Peziza alcis ''Peziza'' is a large genus of saprophytic cup fungi that grow on the ground, rotting wood, or dung. Most members of this genus are of unknown edibility and are difficult to identify as separate species without use of microscopy. The polyphyleti ...

'' **'' Peziza ammophila'' **'' Peziza ampelina'' **'' Peziza ampliata'' **'' Peziza apiculata'' **''

Peziza arvernensis ''Peziza arvernensis'' is a species of apothecial fungus belonging to the family Pezizaceae. This fungus appears as brown cups, often in small groups, on soil in broad-leaved woodland, especially with beech. The ascocarp An ascocarp, or ascom ...

'' **'' Peziza atrovinosa'' **''

Peziza badia ''Peziza badia'' is a species of apothecial fungus belonging to the family Pezizaceae. This is one of the more familiar of the cup fungi of Europe, appearing as irregular dark brown cups up to 8 cm in diameter, often in small groups, on soil ...

'' **'' Peziza badioconfusa'' **'' Peziza badiofusca'' **'' Peziza bananincola'' **'' Peziza berthetiana'' **'' Peziza bovina'' **'' Peziza brunneoatra'' **''

Peziza buxea ''Peziza'' is a large genus of saprophytic cup fungi that grow on the ground, rotting wood, or dung. Most members of this genus are of unknown edibility and are difficult to identify as separate species without use of microscopy. The polyphyleti ...

'' **'' Peziza campestris'' **'' Peziza depressa'' **''

Peziza domiciliana ''Peziza domiciliana'', commonly known as the domicile cup fungus, is a species of fungus in the genus ''Peziza'', family Pezizaceae. Described by English mycologist Mordecai Cubitt Cooke, the fungus grows on rotten wood, drywall/plasterboard, an ...

'' **'' Peziza echinospora'' **'' Peziza ellipsospora'' **'' Peziza emileia'' **''

Peziza erini ''Peziza'' is a large genus of saprophytic cup fungi that grow on the ground, rotting wood, or dung. Most members of this genus are of unknown edibility and are difficult to identify as separate species without use of microscopy. The polyphyleti ...

'' **'' Peziza exogelatinosa'' **''

Peziza fimeti ''Peziza fimeti'' is a species of ascomycete fungus belonging to the family Pezizaceae. Found in Europe and North America, the fungus grows on cow dung. It produces small, light brown, cup-shaped fruit bodies up to in diameter. The asci (spore- ...

'' **'' Peziza flavida'' **'' Peziza fruticosa'' **'' Peziza gerardii'' **'' Peziza granularis'' **'' Peziza griseo-rosea'' **'' Peziza halophila'' **'' Peziza howsei'' **''

Peziza infossa ''Peziza'' is a large genus of saprophytic cup fungi that grow on the ground, rotting wood, or dung. Most members of this genus are of unknown edibility and are difficult to identify as separate species without use of microscopy. The polyphyleti ...

'' **'' Peziza infuscata'' **'' Peziza irina'' **'' Peziza kallioi'' **'' Peziza limnaea'' **'' Peziza lividula'' **'' Peziza lobulata'' **'' Peziza lohjaoensis'' **'' Peziza luteoloflavida'' **'' Peziza michelii'' **'' Peziza montirivicola'' **''

Peziza moseri ''Peziza moseri'' is a species of cup fungus belonging to the family Pezizaceae. It was officially described as new to science in 1974 from collections made in Israel. Fruit bodies are purple and cup-shaped, measuring in diameter. It fruits si ...

'' **'' Peziza muscicola'' **'' Peziza natrophila'' **'' Peziza ninguis'' **'' Peziza nivalis'' **'' Peziza nordica'' **'' Peziza obtuspiculata'' **'' Peziza oceanica'' **''

Peziza oliviae ''Peziza oliviae'' is a species of fungus in the family Peziza. It is an olive-brown stalked cup fungus discovered growing underwater in Oregon streams. Description ''Peziza oliviae'' has small olive to golden-brown stalked cups 0.7–2.5 cm ...

'' **''

Peziza ostracoderma ''Peziza'' is a large genus of saprophytic cup fungi that grow on the ground, rotting wood, or dung. Most members of this genus are of unknown edibility and are difficult to identify as separate species without use of microscopy. The polyphyleti ...

'' **'' Peziza perdicina'' **''

Peziza petersii ''Peziza petersii'' is a species of apothecial fungus belonging to the family Pezizaceae. This is a European species with rather small and irregular brown saucer-shaped ascocarps up to 5 cm in diameter. It is most often encountered in tight ...

'' **'' Peziza phlebospora'' **''

Peziza phyllogena ''Peziza phyllogena'', commonly known as the common brown cup or the pig-ear cup, is a species of fungus in the family Pezizaceae. A saprobic species, the fungus produces brownish, cup-shaped fruit bodies that grow singly or in clusters on either ...

'' **'' Peziza polaripapulata'' **''

Peziza praetervisa ''Peziza praetervisa'', commonly known as the purple fairy cup or the fireplace cup, is a species of fungus in the genus ''Peziza'', family Pezizaceae. Recognized by its flattened, purple, cup-like fruitbodies, this widespread fungus typically g ...

'' **'' Peziza proteana'' ***'' Peziza proteana f. proteana'' ***'' Peziza proteana f. sparassoides'' **'' Peziza pseudoammophila'' ***'' Peziza pseudoammophila var. bonii'' **'' Peziza pseudovesiculosa'' **'' Peziza pseudoviolacea'' **'' Peziza pudicella'' **'' Peziza pyrophila'' **'' Peziza quelepidotia'' **''

Peziza repanda ''Peziza varia'', commonly known as the Palomino cup or recurved cup, is a species of fungus in the genus ''Peziza'', family Pezizaceae. Description ''Peziza varia'' can be identified by its growth on rotted wood or wood chips, its brown upper ...

'' **'' Peziza retrocurvata'' **'' Peziza retrocurvatoides'' **'' Peziza saccardoana'' **'' Peziza saniosa'' **'' Peziza shearii'' **'' Peziza stuntzii'' **'' Peziza subcitrina'' **'' Peziza subclavipes'' **'' Peziza subisabellina'' **'' Peziza subumbrina'' **'' Peziza subviolacea'' **''

Peziza succosa ''Peziza succosa'' is a species of apothecial fungus belonging to the family Pezizaceae The Pezizaceae (commonly referred to as cup fungi) are a family of fungi in the Ascomycota which produce mushrooms that tend to grow in the shape of a "cu ...

'' **'' Peziza succosella'' **'' Peziza tarembergensis'' **'' Peziza udicola'' **'' Peziza vacinii'' **''

Peziza varia ''Peziza varia'', commonly known as the Palomino cup or recurved cup, is a species of fungus in the genus ''Peziza'', family Pezizaceae. Description ''Peziza varia'' can be identified by its growth on rotted wood or wood chips, its brown upper ...

'' **''

Peziza vesiculosa ''Peziza vesiculosa'' is a species of apothecial fungus belonging to the family Pezizaceae. This is a common species of Europe, with scattered records in other parts of the world. The pale, cup-shaped ascocarps can grow quite large (up to in dia ...

'' **'' Peziza whitei'' *'' Plicaria'' **'' Plicaria acanthodictya'' **'' Plicaria anthracina'' **'' Plicaria endocarpoides'' **'' Plicaria leiocarpa'' **'' Plicaria trachycarpa'' ***'' Plicaria trachycarpa var. ferruginea'' *'' Plicariella'' **'' Plicariella scabrosa'' *'' Ruhlandiella'' **'' Ruhlandiella berolinensis'' **'' Ruhlandiella peregrina'' **'' Ruhlandiella reticulata'' **'' Ruhlandiella truncata'' *'' Sarcopeziza'' **'' Sarcopeziza sicula'' *'' Sarcosphaera'' **'' Sarcosphaera coronaria'' **'' Sarcosphaera crassa'' *'' Scabropezia'' **'' Scabropezia flavovirens'' **'' Scabropezia scabrosa'' *'' Stouffera'' **'' Stouffera longii'' *'' Temperantia'' **'' Temperantia tiffanyae'' *'' Terfezia'' **''

Terfezia albida ''Terfezia'' (Berber: Tirfas) is a genus of truffle-like fungi within the Pezizaceae family. ''Terfezia'' species are commonly known as desert truffles. Some authorities consider this the type genus of the family Terfeziaceae, although phylogen ...

'' **''

Terfezia alsheikhii ''Terfezia'' (Berber: Tirfas) is a genus of truffle-like fungi within the Pezizaceae family. ''Terfezia'' species are commonly known as desert truffles. Some authorities consider this the type genus of the family Terfeziaceae, although phylogen ...

'' **''

Terfezia arenaria ''Terfezia'' (Berber: Tirfas) is a genus of truffle-like fungi within the Pezizaceae family. ''Terfezia'' species are commonly known as desert truffles. Some authorities consider this the type genus of the family Terfeziaceae, although phylogen ...

'' **''

Terfezia boudieri ''Terfezia'' (Berber: Tirfas) is a genus of truffle-like fungi within the Pezizaceae family. ''Terfezia'' species are commonly known as desert truffles. Some authorities consider this the type genus of the family Terfeziaceae, although phylogen ...

'' **''

Terfezia canariensis ''Terfezia'' (Berber: Tirfas) is a genus of truffle-like fungi within the Pezizaceae family. ''Terfezia'' species are commonly known as desert truffles. Some authorities consider this the type genus of the family Terfeziaceae, although phylogen ...

'' **'' Terfezia cistophila'' **'' Terfezia claveryi'' **'' Terfezia crassiverrucosa'' **'' Terfezia eliocrocae'' **'' Terfezia extremadurensis'' **'' Terfezia fanfani'' **'' Terfezia grisea'' **'' Terfezia leptoderma'' **'' Terfezia lusitanica'' **'' Terfezia morenoi'' **'' Terfezia olbiensis'' **'' Terfezia pini'' **'' Terfezia pseudoleptoderma'' **'' Terfezia trappei'' *''

Tirmania The Terfeziaceae, or desert truffles, is a family of truffles ( ber, script=latn, Tirfas, ar, كمأ, Kam', ckb, دنبلان, Domalan, he, כמהת הנגב, kmehat hanegev) endemic to arid and semi-arid areas of the Mediterranean Region, N ...

'' **'' Tirmania honrubiae'' **'' Tirmania nivea'' **'' Tirmania pinoyi'' *'' Ulurua'' **'' Ulurua nonparaphysata''

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q1094250 Ascomycota families Mushroom types Taxa named by Barthélemy Charles Joseph Dumortier