Crimean Tatar flag
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The flag of Crimea (russian: Флаг Крыма, Flag Kryma; uk, Прапор Криму, Prapor Krymu; crh, Qırım bayrağı / Къырым байрагъы) is the flag of the
Autonomous Republic of Crimea The Autonomous Republic of Crimea, commonly known as Crimea, is a de jure autonomous republic of Ukraine encompassing most of Crimea that was annexed by Russia in 2014. The Autonomous Republic of Crimea occupies most of the peninsula,
in
Ukraine Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian inv ...
and the Republic of Crimea claimed by
Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia, Northern Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the ...
. The flag was officially adopted on 24 September 1992 as the flag of the Republic of Crimea, readopted on 21 April 1999, then readopted on 4 June 2014 as the flag of the Republic of Crimea, annexed by the Russian Federation. The flag is a triband, striped horizontally in blue–white–red. The blue stripe is located at the top edge and is 1/6 of the flag's width. The white stripe is the largest of the three and is 2/3 of the flag's width, and the red stripe is located at the bottom edge and is 1/6 of the flag's width. When flown vertically, the flag's blue stripe should be at the left, the white field in the centre, and the red stripe on the right. The flag's length is twice its width.


History

After the
dissolution of the Soviet Union The dissolution of the Soviet Union, also negatively connoted as rus, Разва́л Сове́тского Сою́за, r=Razvál Sovétskogo Soyúza, ''Ruining of the Soviet Union''. was the process of internal disintegration within the Sov ...
, many designs were used by separatists from Crimea.fotw.net
— Crimea - 1992 Proposals (Ukraine)
The most commonly used design in public was a white flag with a blue outline map of Crimea, reminiscent of the
flag of Cyprus The national flag of Cyprus ( el, Σημαία της Κύπρου, Simaía tis Kýprou; tr, Kıbrıs bayrağı) came into use on 16 August 1960, under the Zürich and London Agreements, whereby a constitution was drafted and Cyprus was proclai ...
. However, many Supreme Council of Crimea members had supported the version of a white flag with seven rainbow colors at the top.fotw.net
— Crimea in the Soviet Union
Crimea proclaimed self-government on 5 May 1992, but no official flag was chosen. The first proposal resembles the flag of Israel. On 5 June 1992, five proposals were submitted to the Verkhovna Rada of Crimea (Crimean Parliament): # Blue–white–blue triband with large white space and narrow blue strips at the top and bottom edges of the flag. # White flag with seven rainbow colours at the top. # White over light blue field. #
Yellow Yellow is the color between green and orange on the spectrum of light. It is evoked by light with a dominant wavelength of roughly 575585 nm. It is a primary color in subtractive color systems, used in painting or color printing. In the R ...
green Green is the color between cyan and yellow on the visible spectrum. It is evoked by light which has a dominant wavelength of roughly 495570 Nanometre, nm. In subtractive color systems, used in painting and color printing, it is created by ...
–blue tricolor with a same size red vertical stripe at the hoist. # The current blue–white–red design with the
coat of arms A coat of arms is a heraldry, heraldic communication design, visual design on an escutcheon (heraldry), escutcheon (i.e., shield), surcoat, or tabard (the latter two being outer garments). The coat of arms on an escutcheon forms the central ele ...
in the center. Proposal 5, designed by V. Trusov and A. Malgin, was selected to be the flag of Crimea. The coat of arms of G. Jefetov and V. Jagunov was recommended for display on the flag. The final design for the flag was submitted in the second session of the Verkhovna Rada of Crimea on 24 September 1992. The flag was only officially adopted on 21 April 1999.


Ethnic flags of Crimean Tatars

During the formation of the short-lived Crimean People's Republic of the Crimean Tatars in 1917, the flag used was a sky-blue flag with a golden '' tamğa'', known as the ''Kök Bayraq'' "Blue Banner". A green colored flag was used for religious purposes, and the red colored flag was used as the Tatar's military flag.Jaume Olle'
Crimea: The Tatars (Ukraine), Flags of the World
— (10 July 2000). "adopted November 1917, abolished January 1918" (Jaumé Olle, Historical Flags, 1998).
In 1991 the light blue version is now used as
ethnic flag An ethnic flag is a flag that symbolizes a certain ethnic group. Ethnic flags are often introduced to the ethnic community through the respective cultural or political ethnic movements. They are popular among diasporas, ethnic minorities, and some ...
of the Crimean Tatars. File:Gerae-tamga.svg, Circular emblem with the Crimean Tatar '' tamğa''


Color scheme


Historical flags


Crimean People's Republic (1917-1918)

In 1917, the Tatar nationalist groups began using a sky-blue flag as their symbol (the colour of the eternal sky of the Turkic god
Tengri Tengri ( zh, 騰格里; otk, 𐰚𐰇𐰚:𐱅𐰭𐰼𐰃, Kök Teŋri/Teŋiri, lit=Blue Heaven; Old Uyghur: ''tängri''; Middle Turkic: تآنغرِ; ky, теңир; tr, Tanrı; az, Tanrı; bg, Тангра; Proto-Turkic *''teŋri / * ...
). At the same time, the tamga symbol became widely used on the blue background. This became the flag of the short-lived Crimean People's Republic proclaimed in late 1917. When the communist
Taurida Soviet Socialist Republic The Taurida Soviet Socialist Republic ( rus, Советская Социалистическая Республика Тавриды, r=Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika Tavridy) was an unsuccessful attempt to establish a Soviet republic ...
took control of Crimea in the beginning of 1918, the Tatar flag was abolished in favour of a plain red flag.


Crimean Regional Government under General Sulkiewicz (1918)

The short-lived Crimean Regional Government (russian: Крымское краевое правительство), led by General Maciej (Suleyman) Sulkiewicz (a Lithuanian Tatar by origin), existed during the German occupation of Crimea (25 June–15 November 1918), in which the Crimean government proclaimed a self-rule. Sulkiewicz's government adopted a flag which seemed to be a compromise between Crimean Tatars and the
Russians , native_name_lang = ru , image = , caption = , population = , popplace = 118 million Russians in the Russian Federation (2002 ''Winkler Prins'' estimate) , region1 = , pop1 ...
. It was a traditional Crimean Tatar blue-colored banner, but it had the coat of arms of the Russian Empire's
Taurida Governorate The Taurida Governorate (russian: Тавріическая губернія, modern spelling , ; crh, script=Latn, Tavrida guberniyası, ) or the Government of Taurida, was a historical governorate of the Russian Empire. It included the Crime ...
instead of the Crimean Tatar damğa.


Soviet Union

When the Crimean ASSR was established as part of the
Russian SFSR The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Russian SFSR or RSFSR ( rus, Российская Советская Федеративная Социалистическая Республика, Rossíyskaya Sovétskaya Federatívnaya Soci ...
on 18 October 1921, it received its own flag. The flag was red, and spelled in golden letters were the initials of the name of the republic: in
Cyrillic letters , bg, кирилица , mk, кирилица , russian: кириллица , sr, ћирилица, uk, кирилиця , fam1 = Egyptian hieroglyphs , fam2 = Proto-Sinaitic , fam3 = Phoenician , fam4 = G ...
''КрССР'', and in the local Arabic alphabet ('). The lettering on the flag was changed to include ''КрАССР'', and ''QrMSŞÇ'' in the
Uniform Turkic Alphabet A uniform is a variety of clothing worn by members of an organization while participating in that organization's activity. Modern uniforms are most often worn by armed forces and paramilitary organizations such as police, emergency services, ...
in 1929 in order to indicate Crimea as an Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. The flag was amended yet again in 1938 with the lettering Cyrillic ''РСФСР'' at the top (for Russian SFSR) and ''КрАССР'' at the bottom. After Crimea was transformed into the Crimean Oblast (
region In geography, regions, otherwise referred to as zones, lands or territories, are areas that are broadly divided by physical characteristics (physical geography), human impact characteristics (human geography), and the interaction of humanity and t ...
) on 30 June 1945, its flag was abolished. A Crimean ASSR was re-established within the
Ukrainian SSR The Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic ( uk, Украї́нська Радя́нська Соціалісти́чна Респу́бліка, ; russian: Украи́нская Сове́тская Социалисти́ческая Респ ...
in 1991 during the
collapse of the Soviet Union The dissolution of the Soviet Union, also negatively connoted as rus, Разва́л Сове́тского Сою́за, r=Razvál Sovétskogo Soyúza, ''Ruining of the Soviet Union''. was the process of internal disintegration within the Sov ...
.


See also

*
Coat of arms of Crimea Both the Ukrainian Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the Russian Republic of Crimea use the same coat of arms (russian: Герб Крыма, uk, Герб Криму), which has been in use since 1992. Description The coat of arms consists of a ...
* Flag of Ukraine * List of Ukrainian flags


Notes


References


External links


Verkhovna Rada of Crimea
– "On the Flag of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea"

– Autonomous Republic of Crimea (Ukraine)
Ukrainian heraldry
– Flag of Crimea {{DEFAULTSORT:Flag Of Crimea
Crimea Crimea, crh, Къырым, Qırım, grc, Κιμμερία / Ταυρική, translit=Kimmería / Taurikḗ ( ) is a peninsula in Ukraine, on the northern coast of the Black Sea, that has been occupied by Russia since 2014. It has a pop ...
Crimea Crimea, crh, Къырым, Qırım, grc, Κιμμερία / Ταυρική, translit=Kimmería / Taurikḗ ( ) is a peninsula in Ukraine, on the northern coast of the Black Sea, that has been occupied by Russia since 2014. It has a pop ...
Crimea Crimea, crh, Къырым, Qırım, grc, Κιμμερία / Ταυρική, translit=Kimmería / Taurikḗ ( ) is a peninsula in Ukraine, on the northern coast of the Black Sea, that has been occupied by Russia since 2014. It has a pop ...
Symbols of Crimea
Crimea Crimea, crh, Къырым, Qırım, grc, Κιμμερία / Ταυρική, translit=Kimmería / Taurikḗ ( ) is a peninsula in Ukraine, on the northern coast of the Black Sea, that has been occupied by Russia since 2014. It has a pop ...
Crimea Crimea, crh, Къырым, Qırım, grc, Κιμμερία / Ταυρική, translit=Kimmería / Taurikḗ ( ) is a peninsula in Ukraine, on the northern coast of the Black Sea, that has been occupied by Russia since 2014. It has a pop ...