The judiciary of Romania is organized as a hierarchical system of courts, with a civil law system. Provisions regarding its structure and organization are found in the

Constitution A constitution is the aggregate of fundamental principles or established precedents that constitute the legal basis of a polity, organisation or other type of entity and commonly determine how that entity is to be governed. When these princ ...

and Law no. 304/2004 on judicial organization. The civil courts are organized as follows: *

High Court of Cassation and Justice The High Court of Cassation and Justice ( ro, Înalta Curte de Casație și Justiție) is Romania's supreme court, and the court of last resort. It is the equivalent of France's Cour de Cassation and serves a similar function to other courts of c ...

(''Înalta Curte de Casaţie şi Justiţie'') *15 Courts of Appeal (''curţi de apel'') *41 county courts and the Bucharest Municipal Court (''tribunale'') *188 Local courts (''judecătorii''). Each court is run by a court president, who is responsible for its management and public relations. Within most courts there are specialized sections or panels for

civil Civil may refer to: *Civic virtue, or civility *Civil action, or lawsuit * Civil affairs *Civil and political rights *Civil disobedience *Civil engineering *Civil (journalism), a platform for independent journalism *Civilian, someone not a membe ...

and criminal cases, as well as other areas of the law. A number of specialized courts (''tribunale specializate'') also exist, such as the Argeș Commercial Court and the Braşov Family Court. The

Constitutional Court of Romania The Constitutional Court of Romania ( ro, Curtea Constituțională a României) is the institution which rules on whether the laws, decrees or other bills enacted by Romanian authorities are in conformity with the Constitution. It consists of nin ...

acts as an independent constitutional jurisdiction and is not part of the

ordinary court Ordinary court or Judicial court is a type of court with comprehensive subject-matter jurisdiction compared to 'Specialized court' with limited jurisdiction over specific filed of matters, such as intellectual property court. Due to its compr ...

system. The military court system is organized into three tribunals, the Territorial Military Tribunal and the Military Court of Appeal. Instantele civile

References

Law of Romania {{Europe-law-stub