From the 5th century to the 7th century AD, about thirty synods, variously counted, were held at Toledo (''Concilia toletana'') in what would come to be part of

Spain , image_flag = Bandera de España.svg , image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg , national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond") , national_anthem = (English: "Royal March") , i ...

. The earliest, directed against Priscillianism, assembled in 400. The "third" synod of 589 marked the epoch-making conversion of King

Reccared Reccared I (or Recared; la, Flavius Reccaredus; es, Flavio Recaredo; 559 – December 601; reigned 586–601) was Visigothic King of Hispania and Septimania. His reign marked a climactic shift in history, with the king's renunciation of Arianis ...

from Arianism to orthodox Chalcedonian Christianity. The " fourth", in 633, probably under the presidency of the noted Isidore of Seville, regulated many matters of discipline and decreed uniformity of liturgy throughout the kingdom. The British Celts of Galicia accepted the Latin rite and stringent measures were adopted against baptized Jews who had gone back to their former faith. The "twelfth" council in 681 assured to the

archbishop of Toledo This is a list of Bishops and Archbishops of Toledo ( la, Archidioecesis Metropolitae Toletana).

the primacy of

Hispania Hispania ( la, Hispānia , ; nearly identically pronounced in Spanish, Portuguese, Catalan, and Italian) was the Roman name for the Iberian Peninsula and its provinces. Under the Roman Republic, Hispania was divided into two provinces: Hisp ...

(present Iberian Peninsula). As nearly one hundred early canons of Toledo found a place in the '' Decretum Gratiani'', they exerted an important influence on the development of ecclesiastical law. The later synod of 1565 and 1566 concerned itself with the execution of the decrees of Trent; and the last council of Toledo, that of 1582 and 1583, was so guided in detail by

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that the pope ordered the name of the royal commissioner to be expunged from the acts. The seventh century is sometimes called, by Spanish historians, the ''Siglo de Concilios'', or "Century of Councils".

Councils

First Council of Toledo The First Council of Toledo was held at Toledo, Spain, in September of 400. The council was assembled under Archbishop Patronus with its primary purpose to condemn the Priscillian heresy, to receive back Priscillians, and uphold the Nicene Creed. ...

(400) * Council of Toledo of 447 (447) * Second Council of Toledo (527) *

Third Council of Toledo The Third Council of Toledo (589) marks the entry of Visigothic Spain into the Catholic Church, and is known for codifying the filioque clause into Western Christianity."Filioque." Cross, F. L., ed. The Oxford dictionary of the Christian church. ...

(589) * Fourth Council of Toledo (633) * Fifth Council of Toledo (636) * Sixth Council of Toledo (638) * Seventh Council of Toledo (646) * Eighth Council of Toledo (653) * Ninth Council of Toledo (655) *

Tenth Council of Toledo The Tenth Council of Toledo was summoned to meet in Toledo on 1 December 656 by King Reccesuinth of Hispania. In November 655, the bishops of Carthaginiensis had held a provincial synod in Toledo, the Ninth Council of Toledo. They scheduled a sec ...

(656) * Eleventh Council of Toledo (675) *

Twelfth Council of Toledo The Twelfth Council of Toledo, held in Toledo, Spain, was initiated on 9 January 681 by the Visigothic King Erwig, who was elected king in 680. One of its first actions was to release the population from the laws of Wamba and recognise Erwig, ana ...

(681) * Thirteenth Council of Toledo (683) * Fourteenth Council of Toledo (684) * Fifteenth Council of Toledo (688) * Sixteenth Council of Toledo (693) *

Seventeenth Council of Toledo The Seventeenth Council of Toledo first met on 9 November 694 under Visigothic King Egica. It was the king's third council and primarily directed, as was the Sixteenth, against the Jews, for whom Egica seems to have had a profound distrust and dis ...

(694) * Eighteenth Council of Toledo (ca. 702)

Museum

In Toledo there is a museum which features the councils and other aspects of Visigothic culture, the . It is housed in the church of San Roman.

References

*Thompson, E. A. ''The Goths in Spain''.

Clarendon Press Oxford University Press (OUP) is the university press of the University of Oxford. It is the largest university press in the world, and its printing history dates back to the 1480s. Having been officially granted the legal right to print books ...

: Oxford, 1969. * {{DEFAULTSORT:Councils Of Toledo Visigothic Kingdom