''Cotoneaster'' is a
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nom ...
of
flowering plant
Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vessel') and ('seed'), and refers to those plants t ...
s in the rose family,
Rosaceae
Rosaceae (), the rose family, is a medium-sized family of flowering plants that includes 4,828 known species in 91 genera.
The name is derived from the type genus ''Rosa''. Among the most species-rich genera are '' Alchemilla'' (270), ''Sorb ...
,
native
Native may refer to:
People
* Jus soli, citizenship by right of birth
* Indigenous peoples, peoples with a set of specific rights based on their historical ties to a particular territory
** Native Americans (disambiguation)
In arts and entert ...
to the
Palaearctic
The Palearctic or Palaearctic is the largest of the eight biogeographic realms of the Earth. It stretches across all of Eurasia north of the foothills of the Himalayas, and North Africa.
The realm consists of several bioregions: the Euro-Sibe ...
region (temperate Asia, Europe, north Africa), with a strong concentration of diversity in the genus in the mountains of southwestern China and the Himalayas.
[Flora of China]
''Cotoneaster''
(includes most of the world's ''Cotoneaster'' species) ''www.efloras.org'' They are related to
hawthorn
Hawthorn or Hawthorns may refer to:
Plants
* '' Crataegus'' (hawthorn), a large genus of shrubs and trees in the family Rosaceae
* ''Rhaphiolepis'' (hawthorn), a genus of about 15 species of evergreen shrubs and small trees in the family Rosace ...
s (''Crataegus''),
firethorn
''Pyracantha'' (from Greek "fire" and "thorn", hence firethorn) is a genus of large, thorny evergreen shrubs in the family (biology), family Rosaceae, with common names firethorn or pyracantha. They are native to an area extending from Southwe ...
s (''Pyracantha''),
photinia
''Photinia'' () is a genus of about 30 species of small trees and large shrubs, but the taxonomy has recently varied greatly, with the genera '' Heteromeles'', '' Stranvaesia'' and '' Aronia'' sometimes included in ''Photinia''.
They are a part ...
s (''Photinia''), and
rowans (''Sorbus'').
Depending on the species definition used, between 70 and 300 different species of ''Cotoneaster'' are described, with many
apomictic
In botany, apomixis is asexual reproduction without fertilization. Its etymology is Greek for "away from" + "mixing". This definition notably does not mention meiosis. Thus "normal asexual reproduction" of plants, such as propagation from cuttin ...
microspecies treated as
species
In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriat ...
by some authors, but only as
varieties
Variety may refer to:
Arts and entertainment Entertainment formats
* Variety (radio)
* Variety show, in theater and television
Films
* ''Variety'' (1925 film), a German silent film directed by Ewald Andre Dupont
* ''Variety'' (1935 film), ...
by others.
[Bean, W. J. (1976). ''Trees and Shrubs Hardy in the British Isles'' 8th edition. John Murray .]
The majority of species are shrub
A shrub (often also called a bush) is a small-to-medium-sized perennial woody plant. Unlike herbaceous plants, shrubs have persistent woody stems above the ground. Shrubs can be either deciduous or evergreen. They are distinguished from tree ...
s from tall, varying from ground-hugging prostrate plants to erect shrubs; a few, notably ''C. frigidus'', are small tree
In botany, a tree is a perennial plant with an elongated stem, or trunk, usually supporting branches and leaves. In some usages, the definition of a tree may be narrower, including only woody plants with secondary growth, plants that are ...
s up to tall and trunk diameter. The prostrate species are mostly alpine plants growing at high altitudes (e.g. ''C. integrifolius'', which grows at in the Himalayas), while the larger species occur in scrub and woodland gaps at lower altitudes.
Description
The shoots are dimorphic, with long shoots ( long) producing structural branch growth, and short shoots ( long) bearing the flowers; this pattern often developing a 'herringbone' form of branching. The leaves are arranged alternately, long, ovate
Ovate may refer to:
* Ovate (egg-shaped) leaves, tepals, or other botanical parts
*Ovate, a type of prehistoric stone hand axe
*Ovates, one of three ranks of membership in the Welsh Gorsedd
*Vates
In modern English, the nouns vates () and ova ...
to lanceolate
The following is a list of terms which are used to describe leaf plant morphology, morphology in the description and taxonomy (biology), taxonomy of plants. Leaves may be simple (a single leaf blade or lamina) or compound (with several leaflet (bo ...
in shape, entire; both evergreen
In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, whic ...
and deciduous
In the fields of horticulture and Botany, the term ''deciduous'' () means "falling off at maturity" and "tending to fall off", in reference to trees and shrubs that seasonally shed leaves, usually in the autumn; to the shedding of petals, ...
species occur.
The flowers are produced in late spring through early summer, solitary or in corymb
Corymb is a botanical term for an inflorescence with the flowers growing in such a fashion that the outermost are borne on longer pedicels than the inner, bringing all flowers up to a common level. A corymb has a flattish top with a superficial ...
s of up to 100 together. The flower is either fully open or has its five petals half open diameter. They may be any shade from white through creamy white to light pink to dark pink to almost red, 10–20 stamens and up to five styles. The fruit
In botany, a fruit is the seed-bearing structure in flowering plants that is formed from the ovary after flowering.
Fruits are the means by which flowering plants (also known as angiosperms) disseminate their seeds. Edible fruits in partic ...
is a small pome
In botany, a pome is a type of fruit produced by flowering plants in the subtribe Malinae of the family Rosaceae. Well-known pomes include the apple, pear, and quince.
Etymology
The word ''pome'' entered English in the late 14th century, and re ...
diameter, pink or bright red, orange or even maroon or black when mature, containing one to three (rarely up to five) seeds.[Huxley, A., ed. (1992). ''New RHS Dictionary of Gardening''. Macmillan .] Fruit on some species stays on until the following year.
Wildlife value
''Cotoneaster'' species are used as larva
A larva (; plural larvae ) is a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into adults. Animals with indirect development such as insects, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase of their life cycle.
...
l food plants by some Lepidoptera
Lepidoptera ( ) is an order of insects that includes butterflies and moths (both are called lepidopterans). About 180,000 species of the Lepidoptera are described, in 126 families and 46 superfamilies, 10 percent of the total described speci ...
species including grey dagger, mottled umber, short-cloaked moth, winter moth
:''In North America, "winter moth" usually denotes the invasive species ''Operophtera brumata'', but may also mean refer to a native species, ''Erannis tiliaria'' (linden looper) or '' Operophtera bruceata'' (bruce spanworm).''
The winter moth (' ...
, and hawthorn moth. The flowers attract bees and butterflies and the fruits are eaten by birds.
Although relatively few species are native there, in the UK and Ireland
Ireland ( ; ga, Éire ; Ulster-Scots: ) is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean, in north-western Europe. It is separated from Great Britain to its east by the North Channel, the Irish Sea, and St George's Channel. Ireland is the s ...
, ''Cotoneaster'' species are used, along with the related genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nom ...
''Pyracantha
''Pyracantha'' (from Greek "fire" and "thorn", hence firethorn) is a genus of large, thorny evergreen shrubs in the family Rosaceae, with common names firethorn or pyracantha. They are native to an area extending from Southwest Europe east to ...
'', as a valuable source of nectar
Nectar is a sugar-rich liquid produced by plants in glands called nectaries or nectarines, either within the flowers with which it attracts pollinating animals, or by extrafloral nectaries, which provide a nutrient source to animal mutualist ...
when often the bees
Bees are winged insects closely related to wasps and ants, known for their roles in pollination and, in the case of the best-known bee species, the western honey bee, for producing honey. Bees are a monophyletic lineage within the superfam ...
have little other forage
Forage is a plant material (mainly plant leaves and stems) eaten by grazing livestock. Historically, the term ''forage'' has meant only plants eaten by the animals directly as pasture, crop residue, or immature cereal crops, but it is also use ...
in the June gap. Bees adore ''Cotoneaster''. The red berries are also highly attractive to blackbirds and other thrushes.
Cultivation and uses
Cotoneasters are very popular garden shrubs, grown for their attractive habit and decorative fruit. Some cultivar
A cultivar is a type of cultivated plant that people have selected for desired traits and when propagated retain those traits. Methods used to propagate cultivars include: division, root and stem cuttings, offsets, grafting, tissue culture ...
s are of known parentage, such as the very popular ''Cotoneaster'' × ''watereri'' Exell (Waterer's cotoneaster; '' C. frigidus'' × '' C. salicifolius''), while others are of mixed or unknown heritage.[
Cotoneaster are also popular in the cultivation of bonsai trees, thanks to their hardiness, ability to fruit and flower, and their small leaf size.
The following species and cultivars have gained the ]Royal Horticultural Society
The Royal Horticultural Society (RHS), founded in 1804 as the Horticultural Society of London, is the UK's leading gardening charity.
The RHS promotes horticulture through its five gardens at Wisley (Surrey), Hyde Hall (Essex), Harlow Carr (Nor ...
's Award of Garden Merit
The Award of Garden Merit (AGM) is a long-established annual award for plants by the British Royal Horticultural Society (RHS). It is based on assessment of the plants' performance under UK growing conditions.
History
The Award of Garden Merit ...
:-
*'' Cotoneaster atropurpureus'' 'Variegatus'
*'' Cotoneaster conspicuus'' 'Decorus'
*''Cotoneaster'' 'Cornubia'
*'' Cotoneaster lacteus''
*'' Cotoneaster procumbens'' 'Queen of Carpets'
*''Cotoneaster'' 'Rothschildianus'
*'' Cotoneaster salicifolius'' 'Gnom'
*''Cotoneaster salicifolius'' 'Pink Champagne'
*'' Cotoneaster sternianus''
*''Cotoneaster'' × ''suecicus'' 'Coral Beauty'
*''Cotoneaster'' × ''suecicus'' 'Juliette'
Invasiveness
Many species have escaped from cultivation and become invasive weeds
An invasive species otherwise known as an alien is an introduced organism that becomes overpopulated and harms its new environment. Although most introduced species are neutral or beneficial with respect to other species, invasive species adv ...
where climatic conditions are suitable for them, such as the many Chinese species naturalised in northwestern Europe.[ ''C. glaucophyllus'' has become an invasive weed in Australia and California. ''C. simonsii'' is listed on the New Zealand ]National Pest Plant Accord
The National Pest Plant Accord (NPPA) is a New Zealand agreement that identifies pest plants that are prohibited from sale and commercial propagation and distribution.
The Accord initially came into effect on 1 October 2001 between regional coun ...
preventing its sale and distribution because of its invasiveness. On Portland, Dorset, UK, it has become invasive and is regularly culled to prevent damage to the Jurassic Coast.
Nomenclature and classification
The genus name ''Cotoneaster'' derives from ''cotoneum'', a Latin name for the quince
The quince (; ''Cydonia oblonga'') is the sole member of the genus ''Cydonia'' in the Malinae subtribe (which also contains apples and pears, among other fruits) of the Rosaceae family. It is a deciduous tree that bears hard, aromatic bright ...
, and the suffix ''-aster'', 'resembling'. The name is correctly masculine, though in some older works it was wrongly treated as feminine, resulting in different name endings for many of the species (e.g.''Cotoneaster integerrima'' instead of ''Cotoneaster integerrimus'').[
The genus is often divided into two or more sections, though the situation is complicated by hybridisation:][
*''Cotoneaster'' sect. ''Cotoneaster'' (syn. sect. ''Orthopetalum''). Flowers solitary or up to 6 together; petals forward-pointing, often tinged pink. Mostly smaller shrubs.
*''Cotoneaster'' sect. ''Chaenopetalum''. Flowers more than 20 together in corymbs; petals opening flat, creamy white. Mostly larger shrubs.
]
Selected species
* '' Cotoneaster acuminatus'' Lindl.
* '' Cotoneaster acutifolius'' Turcz. – Peking cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster acutiusculus'' Pojark.
* '' Cotoneaster adpressus'' Bois – creeping cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster aestivalis'' (Walter) Wenz.
* '' Cotoneaster affinis'' Lindl. – purpleberry cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster afghanicus'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster aitchisoni'' C.K.Schneid.
* '' Cotoneaster alashanensis'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster alatavicus'' Popov
* '' Cotoneaster alaunicus'' Golitsin
* '' Cotoneaster albokermesinus'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster allanderi'' J.Fryer
* '' Cotoneaster allochrous'' Pojark.
* '' Cotoneaster altaicus'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster ambiguus'' Rehder & E.H.Wilson
* '' Cotoneaster amoenus'' E.H.Wilson – beautiful cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster amphigenus'' Chaten.
* '' Cotoneaster annapurnae'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster angustifolius'' Franch.
* '' Cotoneaster angustus'' (T.T.Yu) G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster antoninae'' Juz. & N.I.Orlova
* '' Cotoneaster apiculatus'' Rehder & E.H.Wilson – cranberry cotoneaster or apiculate cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster applanatus'' Duthie ex J.H.Veitch
* '' Cotoneaster arborescens'' Zabel.
* '' Cotoneaster arbusculus'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster argenteus'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster armenus'' Pojark.
* '' Cotoneaster arvernensis'' Gand.
* '' Cotoneaster ascendens'' Flinck & B.Hylmö – ascending cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster assadii'' Khat.
* '' Cotoneaster assamensis'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster astrophoros'' J.Fryer & E.C.Nelson – starry cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster ataensis'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster atlanticus'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster atropurpureus'' Flinck & B.Hylmö – purple-flowered cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster atrovirens'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster atuntzensis'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster auranticus'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster bacillaris'' Wall. ex Lindl. – open-fruited cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster baenitzii'' Pax
* '' Cotoneaster bakeri'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster balticus'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster bilokonii'' Grevtsova
* '' Cotoneaster bisramianus'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster bitahaiensis'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster blinii'' H.Lév.
* '' Cotoneaster bodinieri'' H.Lév.
* '' Cotoneaster boisianus'' G.Klotz – Bois's cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster borealichinensis'' (Hurus.) Hurus.
* '' Cotoneaster borealis'' Petz. & G.Kirchn.
* '' Cotoneaster brachypodus'' Pojark. ex Zakirov
* '' Cotoneaster bradyi'' E.C.Nelson J.Fryer – Brady's cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster brandisii'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster brevirameus'' Rehder & Wilson
* '' Cotoneaster brickelli'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster browiczii'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster bullatus'' Bois – hollyberry cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster bumthangensis'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster burmanicus'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster buxifolius'' Wall. ex Lindl. – box-leaved cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster californicus'' A.Murray bis
* '' Cotoneaster calocarpus'' (Rehder & E.H.Wilson) Flinck & B.Hylmö – Sikang cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster cambricus'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö – wild cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster camilli-schneideri'' Pojark.
* '' Cotoneaster campanulatus'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster canescens'' Vestergr. ex B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster capsicinus'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster cardinalis'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster cashmiriensis'' G.Klotz – Kashmir cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster cavei'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster chaffanjonii'' H.Lév.
* '' Cotoneaster chailaricus'' (G.Klotz) Flinck & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster chengkangensis'' T.T.Yu
* '' Cotoneaster chrysobotrys'' Hand. – Mazz.
* '' Cotoneaster chulingensis'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster chungtiensis'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster cinerascens'' (Rehder) Flinck & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster cinnabarinus'' Juz.
* '' Cotoneaster coadunatus'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster coccineus'' Steud.
* '' Cotoneaster cochleatus'' (Franch.) G.Klotz – Yunnan cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster commixtus'' (C.K.Schneid.) Flinck & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster comptus'' Lem.
* '' Cotoneaster confusus'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster congestus'' Baker – congested cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster conspicuus'' C.Marquand – Tibetan cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster convexus'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster cooperi'' C.Marquand – Cooper's cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster cordatus'' Focke
* '' Cotoneaster cordifolioides'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster cordifolius'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster coreanus'' H.Lév.
* '' Cotoneaster coriaceus'' Franch.
* '' Cotoneaster cornifolius'' Rehder & E.H.Wilson
* '' Cotoneaster cossineus'' Steud.
* '' Cotoneaster crenulatus'' (D.Don) K.Koch
* '' Cotoneaster creticus'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster crispii'' Exell
* '' Cotoneaster cuilus'' Lee ex K.Koch
* '' Cotoneaster cuspidatus'' C.Marquand ex J.Fryer
* '' Cotoneaster daliensis'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster dammeri'' C.K.Schneid. – bearberry cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster daralagesicus'' Grevtsova
* '' Cotoneaster davidianus'' hort. ex Dippel
* '' Cotoneaster decandrus'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster declinatus'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster degenensis'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster delavayanus'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster delphinensis'' Chatenier
* '' Cotoneaster denticulatus'' Kunth
* '' Cotoneaster dielsianus'' E.Pritz. ex Diels – Diels' cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster difficilis'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster discolor'' Pojark.
* '' Cotoneaster dissimilis'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster distichus'' Lange
* '' Cotoneaster divaricatus'' Rehder & E.H.Wilson – spreading cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster dojamensis'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster dokeriensis'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster drogochius'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster duthieanus'' (C.K.Schneid.) G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster elatus'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster elegans'' (Rehder & E.H.Wilson) Flinck & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster ellipticus'' (Lindl.) Loudon – Lindley's cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster emarginatus'' hort. ex K.Koch
* '' Cotoneaster emeiensis'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster encavei'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster eriocarpus'' hort.
* '' Cotoneaster erratus'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster erzincanicus'' J.Fryer
* '' Cotoneaster esfandiarii'' Khat.
* '' Cotoneaster esquirolii'' H.Lév.
* '' Cotoneaster estonicus'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster falconeri'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster fangianus'' T.T.Yu – Fang's cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster farreri'' Klotzsch
* '' Cotoneaster fastigiatus'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster favargeri'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster fletcheri'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster flinckii'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster floccosus'' (Rehder & E.H.Wilson) Flinck & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster floridus'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster fontanesii'' Grossh.
* '' Cotoneaster formosanus'' Hayata
* '' Cotoneaster forrestii'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster fortunei'' Wenz.
* '' Cotoneaster foveolatus'' Rehder & E.H.Wilson
* '' Cotoneaster franchetii'' Bois – Franchet's cotoneaster or orange cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster frigidus'' Wall. ex Lindl. – tree cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster froebelii'' Vilm.
* '' Cotoneaster fruticosus'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster fulvidus'' (W.W.Sm.) G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster gamblei'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster ganghobaensis'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster garhwalensis'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster genitianus'' Hurus. ex Nakai
* '' Cotoneaster gesneri'' Kirschl.
* '' Cotoneaster gilgitensis'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster girardii'' Flinck & B.Hylmö ex G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster glabratus'' Rehder & E.H.Wilson – glabrous cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster glacialis'' (Hook.f. ex Wenz.) Panigrahi & Arv.Kumar
* '' Cotoneaster glaucophyllus'' Franch. – glaucous cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster globosus'' (Hurus.) G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster glomerulatus'' W.W.Sm.
* '' Cotoneaster goloskokovii'' Pojark.
* '' Cotoneaster gonggashanensis'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster gotlandicus'' B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster gracilis'' Rehder & E.H.Wilson
* '' Cotoneaster grammontii'' hort. ex K.Koch
* '' Cotoneaster granatensis'' Boiss
* '' Cotoneaster griffithii'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster guanmenensis'' J.Fryer
* '' Cotoneaster handel-mazzettii'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster harrovianus'' E.H.Wilson
* '' Cotoneaster harrysmithii'' Flinck & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster hebephyllus'' Diels
* '' Cotoneaster hedegaardii'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster henryanus'' (C.K.Schneid.) Rehder & E.H.Wilson – Henry's cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster hersianus'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster heterophyllus'' J.Fryer
* '' Cotoneaster hicksii'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster himaleiensis'' hort. ex Zabel
* '' Cotoneaster himalayensis'' hort. ex Lavallee
* '' Cotoneaster hissaricus'' Pojark. – circular-leaved cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster hjelmqvistii'' Flinck & B.Hylmö – Hjelmqvist's cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster hodjingensis'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster hookeri'' hort. ex Zabel
* '' Cotoneaster hookerianus'' hort. ex Lavallee
* '' Cotoneaster horizontalis'' Decne. – wall cotoneaster or rock cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster hsingshangensis'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö – Hsing-Shan cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster hualiensis'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster humifusus'' Duthie ex J.H.Veitch
* '' Cotoneaster humilis'' Donn
* '' Cotoneaster hummelii'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö – Hummel's cotoneaster
* ''Cotoneaster hunanensis
''Cotoneaster'' is a genus of flowering plants in the rose family, Rosaceae, native to the Palaearctic region (temperate Asia, Europe, north Africa), with a strong concentration of diversity in the genus in the mountains of southwestern China ...
'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster hupehensis'' Rehder & E.H.Wilson – Hupeh cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster hurusawaianus'' G.Klotz – Hurusawa's cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster hylanderi'' B.Hylmö & J.Fryer
* '' Cotoneaster hymalaicus'' Carriere
* '' Cotoneaster hylmoei'' Flinck & J.Fryer – Hylmö's cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster hypocarpus'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster ichangensis'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster ignavus'' E.L.Wolf
* '' Cotoneaster ignescens'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö – firebird cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster ignotus'' G.Klotz – black-grape cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster improvisus'' Klotzsch
* '' Cotoneaster incanus'' (W.W.Sm.) G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster induratus'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö – hardy cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster inexspectus'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster insculptus'' Diels – engraved cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster insignis'' Pojark.
* '' Cotoneaster insignoides'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster insolitus'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster integerrimus'' Medik.
* '' Cotoneaster integrifolius'' (Roxb.) G.Klotz – entire-leaved cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster intermedius'' (Lecoq. & Lamotte) H.J.Coste
* '' Cotoneaster japonicus'' hort. ex Dippel
* '' Cotoneaster juranus'' Gand.
* '' Cotoneaster kaganensis'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster kamaoensis'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster kangtinensis'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster kansuensis'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster karatavicus'' Pojark.
* '' Cotoneaster karelicus'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster kaschkarovii'' Pojark.
* '' Cotoneaster kerstanii'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster khasiensis'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster kingdonii'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster kirgizicus'' Grevtsova
* '' Cotoneaster kitaibelii'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster klotzii'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster koizumii'' Hayata
* '' Cotoneaster kongboensis'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster konishii'' Hayata
* '' Cotoneaster kotschyi'' (C.K.Schneid.) G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster krasnovii'' Pojark.
* '' Cotoneaster kullensis'' B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster kweitschoviensis'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster lacei'' Klotzsch
* '' Cotoneaster lacteus'' W.W.Sm. – milkflower cotoneaster or late cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster laetevirens'' (Rehder & E.H.Wilson) G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster laevis'' hort. ex Steud.
* '' Cotoneaster lambertii'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster lamprofolius'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster lanatus'' hort. ex Regel
* '' Cotoneaster lancasteri'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster langei'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster langtangensis'' B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster lanshanensis'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster latifolius'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster laxiflorus'' Jacq. ex Lindl.
* '' Cotoneaster lesliei'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster leveillei'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster lidjiangensis'' G.Klotz – Lidjiang cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster lindleyi'' Steud.
* '' Cotoneaster linearifolius'' (G.Klotz) G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster logginovae'' Grevtsova
* '' Cotoneaster lomahunensis'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster lucidus'' Schltdl. – hedge cotoneaster or shiny cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster ludlowii'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster luristanicus'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster macrocarpus'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster magnificus'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster mairei'' H.Lév. – Maire's cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster majusculus'' (W.W.Sm.) G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster marginatus'' (Loudon) Schltdl. – fringed cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster marquandii'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster marroninus'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster mathonnetii'' Gand.
* '' Cotoneaster matrensis'' Domokos
* '' Cotoneaster megalocarpus'' Popov
* '' Cotoneaster meiophyllus'' (W.W.Sm.) G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster melanocarpus'' Lodd. – black-fruited cotoneaster or black cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster melanotrichus'' (Franch.) G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster meuselii'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster meyeri'' Pojark.
* '' Cotoneaster microcarpus'' (Rehder & E.H.Wilson) Flinck & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster microphyllus'' Wall. ex Lindl. – small-leaved cotoneaster or rockspray cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster milkedandai'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster mingkwongensis'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster miniatus'' (Rehder & E.H.Wilson) Flinck & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster minimus'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster minitomentellus'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster minutus'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster mirabilis'' G.Klotz & Krugel
* '' Cotoneaster misturatus'' J.Fryer
* '' Cotoneaster mongolicus'' Pojark.
* '' Cotoneaster monopyrenus'' (W.W.Sm.) Flinck & B.Hylmö – one-stoned cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster montanus'' Lange ex Dippel
* '' Cotoneaster morrisonensis'' Hayata
* '' Cotoneaster morulus'' Pojark.
* '' Cotoneaster moupinensis'' Franch. – Moupin cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster mucronatus'' Franch. – mucronate cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster muliensis'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster multiflorus'' Bunge – showy cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster nagaensis'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster nakai'' Hayata
* '' Cotoneaster naninitens'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster nanshan'' M.Vilm. ex Mottet – dwarf cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster nantaouensis'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster nanus'' (G.Klotz) G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster narynensis'' Tkatsch. ex J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster nebrodensis'' (Guss.) K.Koch
* '' Cotoneaster nedoluzhkoi'' Tzvelev.
* '' Cotoneaster nefedovii'' Galushko
* '' Cotoneaster neo-antoninae'' A.N.Vassiljeva
* '' Cotoneaster neopopovii'' Czerep.
* '' Cotoneaster nepalensis'' hort. ex K.Koch
* '' Cotoneaster nervosus'' Decne
* '' Cotoneaster nevadensis'' Boiss. ex Steud.
* '' Cotoneaster newryensis'' Lemoine
* '' Cotoneaster niger'' (Wahlenb.) Fries
* '' Cotoneaster nitens'' Rehder & E.H.Wilson – few-flowered cotoneaster or pinkblush cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster nitidifolius'' Marquand
* '' Cotoneaster nitidus'' Jacques – distichous cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster nivalis'' (G.Klotz) G.Panigrahi & A.Kumar
* '' Cotoneaster nohelii'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster notabilis'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster nudiflorus'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster nummularioides'' Pojark.
* ''Cotoneaster nummularius
''Cotoneaster nummularius,'' the nummular or coinwort cotoneaster is a species of cotoneaster. This woody shrub is native to much of Asia and south eastern Europe.
Description
''Cotoneaster nummularius'' is a mountainous winter deciduous woody ...
'' Fisch. & Mey.
* '' Cotoneaster obovatus'' Osmaston
* '' Cotoneaster obscurus'' Rehder & E.H.Wilson – bloodberry cotoneaster or obscure cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster obtusisepalus'' Gand.
* '' Cotoneaster obtusus'' Wall. ex Lindl.
* '' Cotoneaster oliganthus'' Pojark.
* '' Cotoneaster oligocarpus'' C.K.Schneid.
* '' Cotoneaster omissus'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster orbicularis'' Schltdl.
* '' Cotoneaster orientalis'' (Mill.) Borbas
* '' Cotoneaster osmastonii'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster ottoschwarzii'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster ovatus'' Pojark.
* '' Cotoneaster pangiensis'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster pannosus'' Franch. – silverleaf cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster paradoxus'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster parkeri'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster parkinsonii'' Panigrahi & Arv.Kumar
* '' Cotoneaster parnassicus'' Boiss. & Heldr.
* '' Cotoneaster parvifolius'' (Hook.f.) Panigrahi & Arv.Kumar
* '' Cotoneaster peduncularis'' Boiss.
* '' Cotoneaster pekinensis'' (Koehne) Zabel
* '' Cotoneaster permutatus'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster perpusillus'' (C.K.Schneid.) Flinck & B.Hylmö – slender cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster poluninii'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster procumbens'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster prostratus'' Baker – procumbent cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster przewalskii'' Pojark.
* '' Cotoneaster pseudoambiguus'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö – Kangting cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster racemiflorus'' K.Koch – redbead cotoneaster or rockspray cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster radicans'' G.Klotz – rooting cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster rehderi'' Pojark. – bullate cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster reticulatus'' Rehder & E.H.Wilson
* '' Cotoneaster rhytidophyllus'' Rehder & E.H.Wilson
* '' Cotoneaster roseus'' Edgew.
* '' Cotoneaster rotundifolius'' Wall. ex Lindl. – round-leaved cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster rubens'' W.W.Sm.
* '' Cotoneaster salicifolius'' Franch. – willow-leaved cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster salwinensis'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster sanbaensis'' J.Fryer
* '' Cotoneaster sandakphuensis'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster sanguineus'' T.T.Yu
* '' Cotoneaster sargentii'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster saxatilis'' Pojark.
* '' Cotoneaster saxonicus'' B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster scandinavicus'' B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster schantungensis'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster schlechtendalii'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster schubertii'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster serotinus'' Hutch.
* '' Cotoneaster shannanensis'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö – Shannan cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster shansiensis'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster sherriffii'' G.Klotz – Sherriff's cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster sichuanensis'' Klotzsch
* '' Cotoneaster sikangensis'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster sikkimensis'' Mouill.
* '' Cotoneaster silvestrei'' Pamp.
* '' Cotoneaster simonsii'' Baker – Himalayan cotoneaster or Simons' cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster smithii'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster soczavianus'' Pojark.
* '' Cotoneaster soongoricus'' (Regel & Herder) Popov
* '' Cotoneaster sordidus'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster soulieanus'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster spathulatus'' (Michx.) Wenz.
* '' Cotoneaster splendens'' Flinck & B.Hylmö – showy cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster spongbergii'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster staintonii'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster sternianus'' (Turrill) Boom – Stern's cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster stracheyi'' Klotzsch
* '' Cotoneaster strigosus'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster suavis'' Pojark.
* '' Cotoneaster subacutus'' Pojark.
* '' Cotoneaster subadpressus'' T.T.Yu
* '' Cotoneaster subalpinus'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster submultiflorus'' Popov
* '' Cotoneaster suboblongus'' Gand.
* '' Cotoneaster subuniflorus'' (Kitam.) G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster suecicus'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster svenhedinii'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster taitoensis'' Hayata
* '' Cotoneaster taiwanensis'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster takpoensis'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster taksangensis'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster talgaricus'' Popov
* '' Cotoneaster tanpaensis'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster taoensis'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster tardiflorus'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster tauricus'' Pojark.
* '' Cotoneaster taylorii'' T.T.Yu
* '' Cotoneaster tebbutus'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster teijiashanensis'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster tengyuehensis'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö – Tengyueh cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster tenuipes'' Rehder & E.H.Wilson – slender cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster thimphuensis'' J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
* '' Cotoneaster thymifolius'' Wall. ex Lindl. – thyme-leaved cotoneaster
* '' Cotoneaster tibeticus'' G.Klotz
* '' Cotoneaster tjuliniae'' Pojark. ex Peschkova
* '' Cotoneaster tkatschenkoi'' Grovtsova
* '' Cotoneaster tomentellus'' Pojark. – short-felted cotoneaster
* ''Cotoneaster tomentosus
''Cotoneaster'' is a genus of flowering plants in the rose family, Rosaceae, native to the Palaearctic region (temperate Asia, Europe, north Africa), with a strong concentration of diversity in the genus in the mountains of southwestern Chin ...
'' Lindl.[Flora of NW Europe]
''Cotoneaster'' species list
[Flora of Nepal]
''Cotoneaster''
''www.efloras.org''[Flora Europaea]
''Cotoneaster''
''rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk''[Den virtuella floran]
''linnaeus.nrm.se''(in Swedish)
References
External links
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{{Authority control
Rosaceae genera
Bird food plants
Fruit trees