The Convention of Saint-Cloud was a military convention signed on 3 July 1815 by which the French army under
Marshal Davout
Louis-Nicolas d'Avout (10 May 1770 – 1 June 1823), better known as Davout, 1st Duke of Auerstaedt, 1st Prince of Eckmühl, was a French military commander and Marshal of the Empire who served during both the French Revolutionary Wars and t ...
surrendered
Paris
Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...
to the armies of
Prince Blücher
A prince is a male ruler (ranked below a king, grand prince, and grand duke) or a male member of a monarch's or former monarch's family. ''Prince'' is also a title of nobility (often highest), often hereditary, in some European states. Th ...
and the
Duke of Wellington
Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, (1 May 1769 – 14 September 1852) was an Anglo-Irish soldier and Tory statesman who was one of the leading military and political figures of 19th-century Britain, serving twice as prime minister of ...
, ending the hostilities of the
Hundred Days
The Hundred Days (french: les Cent-Jours ), also known as the War of the Seventh Coalition, marked the period between Napoleon's return from eleven months of exile on the island of Elba to Paris on20 March 1815 and the second restoration ...
. The agreement was signed at
Saint-Cloud, a suburb of Paris.
Under the terms of the convention, the commander of the French army, "Marshal Prince of Eckmühl" (better known as Marshal Davout) surrendered Paris to the two allied armies of the
Seventh Coalition
The Hundred Days (french: les Cent-Jours ), also known as the War of the Seventh Coalition, marked the period between Napoleon's return from eleven months of exile on the island of Elba to Paris on20 March 1815 and the second restoration ...
and agreed to move the French army well away from Paris, to south of the
Loire
The Loire (, also ; ; oc, Léger, ; la, Liger) is the longest river in France and the 171st longest in the world. With a length of , it drains , more than a fifth of France's land, while its average discharge is only half that of the Rhône ...
. In return, the allies promised to respect the rights and property of the local government, French civilians and members of the French armed forces.
The French delegates who signed the treaty were:
*
Louis Bignon
Louis Bignon (26 June 1816 – 18 May 1906) was a famous French chef whose Café Riche became the most fashionable in Paris. He was also a noted agriculturalist, won prizes for his products and was awarded the Legion of Honour.
Early years
Louis ...
, who held the portfolio of foreign affairs,
*General
Guillemot
Guillemot is the common name for several species of seabird in the Alcidae or auk family (part of the order Charadriiformes). In British use, the term comprises two genera: ''Uria'' and ''Cepphus''. In North America the ''Uria'' species are c ...
, chief of the general staff of the army,
*
Comte de Bondy, prefect of the department of the Seine
Coalition officers who signed the treaty were:
*
Karl Müffling, the Prussian commissioner to Wellington's army
*
Colonel Hervey-Bathurst
The convention was approved by Davout for the French, and by Blücher and Wellington for the Seventh Coalition.
Notes
References
*
*{{cite book, last=Gifford , first=C. H. , year=1817 , title=History of the Wars Occasioned by the French Revolution, from the Commencement of Hostilities in 1792, to the End of 1816: Embracing a Complete History of the Revolution, publisher=W. Lewis , pag
1506}
1815 in France
Hundred Days
July 1815 events