Commission for the Prevention of Corruption of the Republic of Slovenia
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The Commission for the Prevention of Corruption of the Republic of Slovenia (acronym CPC; sl, "Komisija za preprečevanje korupcije Republike Slovenije", KPKRS) is an independent
anti-corruption agency An anti-corruption agency is a special police agency specialised in fighting political corruption and engaging in general anti-corruption activities. Most are founded by statute, but some have a constitutional status. List See also * * * ...
with a broad mandate in the field of preventing and investigating
corruption Corruption is a form of dishonesty or a criminal offense which is undertaken by a person or an organization which is entrusted in a position of authority, in order to acquire illicit benefits or abuse power for one's personal gain. Corruption m ...
, breaches of
ethics Ethics or moral philosophy is a branch of philosophy that "involves systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts of right and wrong behavior".''Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy'' The field of ethics, along with aesthetics, concerns m ...
and integrity of
public office Public Administration (a form of governance) or Public Policy and Administration (an academic discipline) is the implementation of public policy, administration of government establishment (public governance), management of non-profit establ ...
. The commission's activity is legally based on the 2010 ''Act on Integrity and prevention of corruption'' with later amendments. Before the commission's establishment Slovenia had an eight-year history of anti-corruption governmental bodies.


The organization


Legal basis

The commission's activity is legally based on the 2010 ''Act on Integrity and prevention of corruption'' with later amendments. With the Act, its mandate, working areas, and powers were expanded to include, for example, lobbying oversight and
whistleblower A whistleblower (also written as whistle-blower or whistle blower) is a person, often an employee, who reveals information about activity within a private or public organization that is deemed illegal, immoral, illicit, unsafe or fraudulent. Whi ...
protection. In 2011, with the amendments to the Act the powers of the commission were further strengthened. As of 2013 they include power to subpoena financial documents of the public servants, management, and boards of public enterprises for corruption, conflict of interest, or breach of ethics.


Independence

The Commission meets the requirements for an independent body as defined by the UN Convention against Corruption since it is not subordinate to any other state institution or ministry, and does not receive direct instructions from either the executive or the legislative branches. Parliament determines its budget yearly. It does not have power of the
law enforcement Law enforcement is the activity of some members of government who act in an organized manner to enforce the law by discovering, deterring, rehabilitating, or punishing people who violate the rules and norms governing that society. The term en ...
or
prosecution A prosecutor is a legal representative of the prosecution in states with either the common law adversarial system or the civil law inquisitorial system. The prosecution is the legal party responsible for presenting the case in a criminal trial ...
system, but it has access to financial and other documents (notwithstanding the
confidentiality Confidentiality involves a set of rules or a promise usually executed through confidentiality agreements that limits the access or places restrictions on certain types of information. Legal confidentiality By law, lawyers are often required ...
level), and power to conduct administrative investigations. It has power to issue fines for different violations (sanctions can be appealed to the Court). ;Executive team The Act provides a special procedure for appointment and dismissal of the commission's executive team consisting of Chief Commissioner and two deputies. They are appointed by the
President of the Republic of Slovenia The president of Slovenia, officially the president of the Republic of Slovenia ( sl, Predsednik Republike Slovenije), is the head of state of the Republic of Slovenia. The position was established on 23 December 1991 when the National Assembly pa ...
following and open recruitment procedure and nomination by a special selection board. The Chief Commissioner's term of office is six years, the deputy's five. They can serve up to two terms in office. Prior to the expiration of the mandate, they can only be dismissed from office by the President of the Republic.


Working areas

The Commission has a wide range of competences, from the prevention of corruption and the strengthening of integrity of public office to the supervision and inspection of suspicions of alleged corrupt conduct and other irregularities. Commission’s competences are primarily defined in the Integrity and Prevention of Corruption Act, and additionally laid out in the Rules of Procedure of the Commission for the Prevention of Corruption. The structure of its competences and tasks are further defined in the Document on the Internal Organisation and Job Classification in the Commission for the Prevention of Corruption. Commission’s tasks  among others, include: * conducting administrative investigations into allegations of corruption, breaches of integrity, conflict of interest, illegal
lobbying In politics, lobbying, persuasion or interest representation is the act of lawfully attempting to influence the actions, policies, or decisions of government officials, most often legislators or members of regulatory agency, regulatory agencie ...
, restrictions on business activities and incompatibility of office; * protection of
whistleblowers A whistleblower (also written as whistle-blower or whistle blower) is a person, often an employee, who reveals information about activity within a private or public organization that is deemed illegal, immoral, illicit, unsafe or fraudulent. Whi ...
; * monitoring the financial status of high level public officials in the executive, legislature and judiciary through the assets declaration system; * maintaining the centra
register of lobbyists
* adopting and coordinating the implementation of the National Anti-corruption Action Plan; * assisting public institutions in development of integrity plans (methodology to identify and limit corruption risks) and monitoring their implementation; * designing and implementing different anti-corruption preventive measures (awareness raising, training, education, ...); * assessment of law proposals and other legal documents in terms of corruption risks and risks of the breach of integrity; * serving as a national focal point for international anti-corruption cooperation on systemic level (
GRECO Greco may refer to: People * Greco (surname), a list of people with this surname * a masculine variant of Greca (given name), an Italian feminine given name * Greco Mafia clan, one of the most influential Mafia clans in Sicily and Calabria Wine ...
,
OECD The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD; french: Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques, ''OCDE'') is an intergovernmental organisation with 38 member countries, founded in 1961 to stimulate e ...
, UN, EU, ...).


Accountability

Substantive decisions of the CPC (ruling on corruption, conflict of interest, etc.) are subject to judicial review of the Administrative Courts. Under the law, the CPC must be the subject to external audit and its reports are submitted to the Parliament and the President. The CPC is also required to present yearly reports to the Parliament. In addition, by law, decisions (with few exceptions) must be published on the
internet The Internet (or internet) is the global system of interconnected computer networks that uses the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to communicate between networks and devices. It is a '' network of networks'' that consists of private, pub ...
and various provisions in the law require the CPC to publicise its work and its findings.


Major achievements


The 2011 Supervisor

The 2011 ''Supervisor'' web application, a result of the ''Transparency Project'', made available to general public the data on how the public money in Slovenia is spent by local communities and governmental bodies, and their representatives, such as Mayors, which generated 1.2 million hits on the first day already.Supervizor, zadetek v polno: Že prvi dan je spletna stran za opazovanje nakazil med državo in zasebnimi podjetji doživela 1,2 milijona obiskov.
Delo ''Delo'' (russian: Дело) is a business oriented online media in Ukraine, belonging to ekonomika+ media holding. ''Delo'' was the first daily in Ukraine, publishing its real print circulation (13.000 - 15.000) and trying to introduce Western e ...
, 28 August 2011
Klemenčič: Everyone can supervise how public money is spent
(in Slovene: ''Klemenčič: vsak lahko postane nadzornik javnega denarja''),
RTV Slovenija Radiotelevizija Slovenija ( en, Radio-Television of Slovenia) – usually abbreviated to RTV Slovenija (or simply RTV within Slovenia) – is Slovenia's national public broadcasting organization. Based in Ljubljana, it has regional broadcastin ...
, 23 August 2011


The 2012-2013 Investigation Report on the Parliamentary Parties' Leaders

The ''2012-2013 Investigation Report on the parliamentary parties' leaders'' revealed that
Janez Janša Ivan Janša (; born 17 September 1958), baptized and best known as Janez Janša (), is a Slovenian politician who served three times as a prime minister of Slovenia, a position he had held from 2004 to 2008, from 2012 to 2013, and from 2020 to 2 ...
, PM, and Zoran Janković, the head of the opposition, systematically and repeatedly violated the law by failing to properly report their assets.Official News
on the Commission's website, 10 January 2013, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Žerdin, A. (201

(In Slovene: "V bilancah funkcionarjev ni prostora za gotovino neznanega izvora"),
Delo ''Delo'' (russian: Дело) is a business oriented online media in Ukraine, belonging to ekonomika+ media holding. ''Delo'' was the first daily in Ukraine, publishing its real print circulation (13.000 - 15.000) and trying to introduce Western e ...


Janez Janša

The ''2012-2013 Investigation Report on the Parliamentary Parties' Leaders'' included report on: * his purchase of one of the real-estate was indirectly co-funded by a construction firm, a major government contractor. * his use of funds in the amount of at least 200.000 EUR, coming from unknown origin, exceeded both his income and savings.


Zoran Janković

The ''2012-2013 Investigation Report on the Parliamentary Parties' Leaders'' included report on: * full assets of 2.4 million EUR in total in 6 years’ time being in office not reported to the commission. * several financial chain-transactions between the companies owned by Mr. Janković's sons and companies doing multi-million businesses with the city, part of these funds transferred to a private account of the Mayor.


Responses

;By the two and their parties Both of them had several opportunities to respond to the evidence collected and nevertheless upon being faced with the allegations and presented with the request for clarification, neither Janša nor Janković was able to present an explanation. Attempts to discredit it by Janša or spin the findings by Janković were directed to the Commission itself after the report was published. None of them addressed the citizens to explain themselves, they only sought support by parties they are leaders of. Mr. Janša made an ultimatum to other parties in power to decide until 14 January if they (''sic!'') want to leave the coalition. While
Positive Slovenia Positive Slovenia ( sl, Pozitivna Slovenija, PS) was a centre-left political party in Slovenia, following April 2014 led by founder Zoran Janković. The party was founded under the name ''Zoran Janković's List – Positive Slovenia''. It wa ...
removed Janković from all functions within the party,Zoran Janković is not the party's president anymore
("Zoran Janković ni več predsednik stranke"),
Delo ''Delo'' (russian: Дело) is a business oriented online media in Ukraine, belonging to ekonomika+ media holding. ''Delo'' was the first daily in Ukraine, publishing its real print circulation (13.000 - 15.000) and trying to introduce Western e ...
, 17 January 2013
SDS sent letters to the right-wing European Parliament members, who were forwarding them to their friends, estimating that the Commission itself and its allegations are part of communist campaign that begun in 1983 with the aim to remove Janša from politics.Pribac: The SDS Letter Is Interpreting the Recent 30 Years of Slovene History as Socialist Conspiracy Against Janša
(In Slovene: "Pribac: Pismo SDS predstavlja zadnjih 30 let slovenske zgodovine kot socialistično zaroto zoper Janšo"), Dnevnik, 17 January 2013
;By others The report has been talked about in a prime-time TV show, emitted by Slovenian
national broadcasting company The National Broadcasting Company (NBC) is an American English-language commercial broadcast television and radio network. The flagship property of the NBC Entertainment division of NBCUniversal, a division of Comcast, its headquarters are l ...
, titled
Views of Slovenia A view is a sight or prospect or the ability to see or be seen from a particular place. View, views or Views may also refer to: Common meanings * View (Buddhism), a charged interpretation of experience which intensely shapes and affects thou ...
(In Slovene: "Pogledi Slovenije").Lack of integrity in Slovenian public servants
(In Slovene: "Gre za pomanjkanje funkcionarske integritete"), MMC
RTV Slovenija Radiotelevizija Slovenija ( en, Radio-Television of Slovenia) – usually abbreviated to RTV Slovenija (or simply RTV within Slovenia) – is Slovenia's national public broadcasting organization. Based in Ljubljana, it has regional broadcastin ...
, 10 January 2013.
Gregor Virant Gregor Virant (born 4 December 1969) is a Slovenian politician and public servant. Between 2004 and 2008, he served as Minister of Public Administration in Janez Janša's first government, between 2011–2013 he was Speaker of the National Assemb ...
's party responded to Janša's ultimatum by making their own ultimatum to Janša's party to find another party member to serve as PM.Virant's party responded to Janša's ultimatum with their ultimatum
(In Slovene: "Virantovi na Janšev ultimat z ultimatom"),
Delo ''Delo'' (russian: Дело) is a business oriented online media in Ukraine, belonging to ekonomika+ media holding. ''Delo'' was the first daily in Ukraine, publishing its real print circulation (13.000 - 15.000) and trying to introduce Western e ...
, 12 January 2013
This, however, is seen as insufficient because the PM would be only a "marionette" from SDS where, despite allegations, Janša enjoys almost 100% support."Freezing because of pressure, and SDS with a "marionette"
(In Slovene: "Zamrznitev zaradi notranjih pritiskov, SDS z "marioneto"), MMC
RTV Slovenia Radiotelevizija Slovenija ( en, Radio-Television of Slovenia) – usually abbreviated to RTV Slovenija (or simply RTV within Slovenia) – is Slovenia's national public broadcasting organization. Based in Ljubljana, it has regional broadcastin ...
, 12 january 2013.
Analysts: Bluff by Janković, surprise by Virant, but with
(In Slovene: "Analitiki: Janković blefira, Virant presenetil, a s figo v žepu"), MMC
RTV Slovenia Radiotelevizija Slovenija ( en, Radio-Television of Slovenia) – usually abbreviated to RTV Slovenija (or simply RTV within Slovenia) – is Slovenia's national public broadcasting organization. Based in Ljubljana, it has regional broadcastin ...
, 12 january 2013.


External links


www.kpk-rs.si/en/
the official website


References

{{Corruption Government of Slovenia 2010 establishments in Slovenia Organizations based in Ljubljana Anti-corruption agencies