Comăna (german: Kumanen, Komondjen; hu, Alsókomána) is a

commune A commune is an alternative term for an intentional community. Commune or comună or comune or other derivations may also refer to: Administrative-territorial entities * Commune (administrative division), a municipality or township ** Communes of ...

Brașov County Brașov County () is a county (județ) of Romania, in Transylvania. Its capital city is Brașov. The county incorporates within its boundaries most of the Medieval "lands" (''țări'') Burzenland and Făgăraș. Name In Hungarian, it is kno ...

Transylvania Transylvania ( ro, Ardeal or ; hu, Erdély; german: Siebenbürgen) is a historical and cultural region in Central Europe, encompassing central Romania. To the east and south its natural border is the Carpathian Mountains, and to the west the Ap ...

Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Moldova to the east, and ...

. It is composed of four villages: Comăna de Jos (the commune center), Comăna de Sus (''Felsőkomána''), Crihalma (''Königsberg''; ''Királyhalma'') and Ticușu Nou (''Rumänisch Tekes''; ''Felsőtyúkos''). Comăna is traversed north to south by the

Olt River The Olt (Romanian and Hungarian; german: Alt; la, Aluta or ', tr, Oltu, grc, Ἄλυτος ''Alytos'') is a river in Romania. It is long, and its basin area is . It is the longest river flowing exclusively through Romania. Its average discha ...

. It borders the following communes:

Părău Părău (german: Mikesdorf-Berau; hu, Páró) is a commune in Brașov County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Grid, Părău, Veneția de Jos (''Untervenitze''; ''Alsóvenice''), and Veneția de Sus (''Felsővenice''). Th ...

to the south, Măieruș to the east, Hoghiz to the north, and Ticușu to the west.

History

Comăna de Jos was an important administrative center of the eastern part of

Țara Făgărașului Țara Făgărașului (also ''Țara Oltului''; german: Fogaraschland, hu, Fogarasföld, la, terra Fugaras or ''terra Alutus'') is a region is southern Transylvania, Romania. Its main city is Făgăraș. On the north, it is bordered by the Olt Ri ...

, at a time when – who was born here in 1502 – ruled over

. Villages falling within the jurisdiction of this center were: Comăna de Sus, Veneția de Jos, Veneția de Jos, Crihalma, Ticușu Nou, Cuciulata, and Lupșa. In the current area of Comăna de Jos, human settlements were discovered that attest to the existence of people in the following places: *A

Bronze Age The Bronze Age is a historic period, lasting approximately from 3300 BC to 1200 BC, characterized by the use of bronze, the presence of writing in some areas, and other early features of urban civilization. The Bronze Age is the second prin ...

settlement from the 2nd to the 1st century B.C. *The

La Tène culture The La Tène culture (; ) was a European Iron Age culture. It developed and flourished during the late Iron Age (from about 450 BC to the Roman conquest in the 1st century BC), succeeding the early Iron Age Hallstatt culture without any defi ...

is represented by a

Hallstatt Hallstatt ( , , ) is a small town in the district of Gmunden, in the Austrian state of Upper Austria. Situated between the southwestern shore of Hallstätter See and the steep slopes of the Dachstein massif, the town lies in the Salzkammergut ...

settlement from the 8th and 9th centuries. *Settlements from the early medieval era (11th to 13th century). Important archaeological discoveries. In Comăna de Jos, it was investigated that dwellings dug into the soil at different depths, being unveiled 14 huts and 18 little huts, with diverse planimetry with installation of fire ovens consisting of stone and clay. Was also found and existing facilities upgraded fire outdoors. Archaeological research from 1974 to 1976 concluded that construction traces, ruins and ceramics (by wheel and by hand) belong to various periods of time. Ceramic found here is similar to the one found in the areas inhabited by the Dacians. Early census In 1733, when the Romanian Greek Catholic bishop

Inocențiu Micu-Klein Ioan Inocențiu Micu-Klein, also known by his lay name Ioan Micu (1692 – 22 September 1768), was a Bishop of Făgăraș and Primate of the Romanian Greek Catholic Church from 1730 to his resignation in 1751. He played an instrumental role in t ...

decided to organize a census in Transylvania, 34 families were reviewed in the village of Comăna de Jos. In other words, in Comăna de Jos of the year 1733, there were around 170 inhabitants. In the same census is to be noted that in Comăna de Jos there were two Greek Catholic priests, both having the surname Iuon (John). The village had a Greek Catholic church and a manse. The name of the village was written in Hungarian as Alsó-Komana, whereas the results were intended for a committee consisting of non-Romanians, mostly Hungarians.

Population

In 2011, the population of Comăna commune numbered 2,556 inhabitants. Population between 1850 and 2011, according to the Hungarian and Romanian censuses:

Natives

*Ștefan Mailat (1502–1550) – captain of Făgăraș Citadel and

Prince of Transylvania The Prince of Transylvania ( hu, erdélyi fejedelem, german: Fürst von Siebenbürgen, la, princeps Transsylvaniae, ro, principele TransilvanieiFallenbüchl 1988, p. 77.) was the head of state of the Principality of Transylvania from the last d ...

Gallery

Image:Josephinische Landaufnahme pg242.jpg, Old map of Comăna de Jos and the area File:Primăria Comăna, județul Brașov.JPG, Town Hall Image:ComanadeJos.JPG, Church in Comăna de Jos

References

External links

The official site of Comăna commune

An unofficial site of Comăna de Jos
{{DEFAULTSORT:Comana Communes in Brașov County Localities in Transylvania