Clymeniida is an order of ammonoid cephalopods from the

Upper Devonian The Devonian ( ) is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic era, spanning 60.3 million years from the end of the Silurian, million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Carboniferous, Mya. It is named after Devon, England, wher ...

characterized by having an unusual dorsal siphuncle. They measured about in diameter and are restricted to

Europe Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a subcontinent of Eurasia and it is located entirel ...

North Africa North Africa, or Northern Africa is a region encompassing the northern portion of the African continent. There is no singularly accepted scope for the region, and it is sometimes defined as stretching from the Atlantic shores of Mauritania in ...

, and possibly Australia.

Morphologic characteristics

Clymeniids produced a variety of shells ranging from smooth to ribbed and spinose and from evolute with all whorls exposed to strongly involute with the last whorl covering the previous. Some were even triangular as viewed from the side (along the axis of coiling). With the exception of the first few chambers, all have a siphuncle that runs along the dorsal margin, along the inside of the coils, opposite that of most

ammonoids Ammonoids are a group of extinct marine mollusc animals in the subclass Ammonoidea of the class Cephalopoda. These molluscs, commonly referred to as ammonites, are more closely related to living coleoids (i.e., octopuses, squid and cuttlefish) ...

. The siphuncle starts off ventrally, like that in other ammonoids, but after the first few septa migrates to a definite and stable dorsal position. Septal necks are retrosiphonate, characteristic of their nautiloid ancestors, and are commonly very long, forming an almost continuous siphuncular tube. Septa, characteristic of ammonoids, are convex toward the front.

Classification

Miller, Furnish, and Schindewolf, 1957, in Part L of the

Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology The ''Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology'' (or ''TIP'') published by the Geological Society of America and the University of Kansas Press, is a definitive multi-authored work of some 50 volumes, written by more than 300 paleontologists, and co ...

included three superfamilies in the Clymeniida, the Gonioclymeniaceae, Clymeniaceae, and Parawocklumeriaceae. The Gonoclymeniaceae unites five families, the Clymeniaceae three. The Parawocklumeraceae was established for a single family, the Parawocklumeriidae. Saunders, Work, and Nikoleava, 1999, divided the Clymeniida into two suborders, the Gonioclymeniina and the Clymeniina. The Gonioclymeniina includes the Sellaclymeniaceae with 7 families and 20 genera, the Gonioclyemniacea, containing a single family with six genera, and the Parawocklumeraceae, also containing a single family, but with only three genera. The Clymeniina combines five families with a total of 36 genera into a single superfamily, the Clymeniaceae. GONIAT Website gives two suborders which fall into the Clymeniida. They are the Clymeniina with four superfamilies and Gonioclymeniina, established for a single superfamily. In contrast,

Dieter Korn Dr. Dieter Korn (born 1958)Eugene V. Coan, Alan R. Kabat & Richard E. Petit (15 February) 2009American Malacological Society. 830 pp. + 32 pp. (Annex of Collations). is a German scientist and paleontologist specializing in research on ammonites and ...

, 2006 divided the Clymeniida into the Clymeniina with superfamilies and families, and Cyrtoclymenia, named by him in 2002. with superfamilies and families. Shevyrev, 2006 on the other hand divided the Clymeniida into the Clymeniina and Gonioclymeniina, as with GONIAT and Saunders, Work, and Nikolaeva Classification of A. A. Shevyrev 2006
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Taxonomy

Clymeniida *Suborder Clymeniina Hyatt, 1884 **Superfamily Clymeniaceae Edwards, 1849 ***Family Clymeniidae Edwards, 1849 ****Genus '' Aktuboclymenia'' Bogoslovsky, 1979 ****Genus '' Clymenia'' Münster, 1834 ***Family Kosmoclymeniidae Korn and Price, 1987 ****Subfamily Kosmoclymeniinae Korn and Price, 1987 *****Genus '' Kosmoclymenia'' Schindewolf, 1949 *****Genus '' Linguaclymenia'' Korn and Price, 1987 *****Genus '' Lissoclymenia'' Korn and Price, 1987 *****Genus '' Muessenbiaergia'' Korn and Price, 1987 ****Subfamily Rodeckiinae Korn 2002 *****Genus '' Franconiclymenia'' Korn and Price, 1987 *****Genus '' Protoxyclymenia'' Schindewolf, 1923 *****Genus '' Rodeckia'' Korn, 2002 **Superfamily Gonioclymeniaceae Hyatt, 1884 ***Family Costaclymeniidae Ruzhencev, 1957 ****Genus '' Costaclymenia'' Schindewolf, 1920 ****Genus '' Endosiphonites'' Ansted, 1838 ***Family Gonioclymeniidae Hyatt, 1884 ****Genus '' Finiclymenia'' Price and Korn 1989 ****Genus '' Gonioclymenia'' Sepkoski, Jr., 2002 ****Genus '' Kalloclymenia'' Wedekind, 1914 ****Genus '' Leviclymenia'' Korn, 2002 ****Genus '' Mesoclymenia'' Bogoslovsky, 1981 ***Family Sellaclymeniidae Schindewolf, 1923 ****Genus '' Sellaclymenia'' Sepkoski, Jr., 2002 ***Family Sphenoclymeniidae Korn, 1992 ****Genus '' Medioclymenia'' Korn, 2002 ****Genus '' Sphenoclymenia'' Schindewolf, 1920 **Superfamily Platyclymeniaceae , 1914 ***Family Glatziellidae Schindewolf, 1928 ****Genus '' Glatziella'' Renz, 1914 ****Genus '' Liroclymenia'' Czarnocki, 1989 ****Genus '' Postglatziella'' Schindewolf, 1937 ****Genus '' Soliclymenia'' Schindewolf, 1937 ***Family Piriclymeniidae Korn, 1992 ****Genus '' Ornatoclymenia'' Bogoslovsky, 1979 ****Genus '' Piriclymenia'' Schindewolf, 1937 ****Genus '' Sulcoclymenia'' Schindewolf, 1923 ***Family Platyclymeniidae Wedekind, 1914 ****Subfamily Nodosoclymeniinae Korn, 2002 *****Genus '' Czarnoclymenia'' Korn, 1999 *****Genus '' Nodosoclymenia'' Czarnocki, 1989 *****Genus '' Stenoclymenia'' Lange, 1929 ****Subfamily Platyclymeniinae Wedekind, 1914 *****Genus '' Fasciclymenia'' Korn and Price, 1987 *****Genus '' Platyclymenia'' Sepkoski, Jr., 2002 *****Genus '' Progonioclymenia'' Schindewolf, 1937 *****Genus '' Spinoclymenia'' Bogoslovsky, 1962 *****Genus '' Trigonoclymenia'' Schindewolf, 1934 *****Genus '' Varioclymenia'' Wedekind, 1908 ****Subfamily Pleuroclymeniinae Korn, 2002 *****Genus '' Borisiclymenia'' Korn, 2002 *****Genus '' Nanoclymenia'' Korn, 2002 *****Genus '' Pleuroclymenia'' Schindewolf, 1934 *****Genus '' Trochoclymenia'' Schindewolf, 1926 **Superfamily Wocklumeriaceae Schindewolf, 1937 ***Family Parawocklumeriidae Schindewolf, 1937 ****Genus '' Kamptoclymenia'' Schindewolf, 1937 ****Genus '' Parawocklumeria'' Schindewolf, 1926 ****Genus '' Tardewocklumeria'' Becker, 2000 ****Genus '' Triaclymenia'' Schindewolf, 1937 ***Family Wocklumeriidae Schindewolf, 1937 ****Genus '' Epiwocklumeria'' Schindewolf, 1937 ****Genus '' Kielcensia'' Czarnocki, 1989 ****Genus '' Synwocklumeria'' Librovitch, 1957 ****Genus '' Wocklumeria'' Wedekind, 1918 *Suborder Cyrtoclymeniina Korn, 2002 **Superfamily

Biloclymeniaceae ''Biloclymenioidea'', formerly ''Biloclymeniaceae'', is an extinct superfamily of ammonites that existed during the Devonian The Devonian ( ) is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic era, spanning 60.3 million years from the en ...

Bogoslovsky, 1955 ***Family Biloclymeniidae Bogoslovsky, 1955 ****Genus '' Biloclymenia'' Schindewolf, 1923 ****Genus '' Dimeroclymenia'' Czarnocki, 1989 ****Genus '' Kiaclymenia'' Bogoslovsky, 1965 ****Genus '' Rhiphaeoclymenia'' Bogoslovsky, 1965 ***Family Pachyclymeniidae Korn, 1992 ****Genus '' Pachyclymenia'' Schindewolf, 1937 ****Genus '' Uraloclymenia'' Bogoslovsky, 1977 **Superfamily

Cyrtoclymeniaceae ''Cyrtoclymeniaceae'' was an extinct superfamily of ammonites that existed during the Devonian The Devonian ( ) is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic era, spanning 60.3 million years from the end of the Silurian, million y ...

Hyatt, 1884 ***Family Carinoclymeniidae Bogoslovsky, 1975 ****Genus ''

Acriclymenia ''Acriclymenia'' was a genus of ammonites that existed during the Devonian period The Devonian ( ) is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic era, spanning 60.3 million years from the end of the Silurian, million years ago (My ...

'' Bogoslovsky, 1975 ****Genus '' Carinoclymenia'' Bogoslovsky, 1965 ****Genus '' Karaclymenia'' Bogoslovsky, 1983 ****Genus '' Pinacoclymenia'' Bogoslovsky, 1975 ***Family Cymaclymeniidae Hyatt 1884 ****Subfamily Cymaclymeniinae Hyatt, 1884 *****Genus '' Cymaclymenia'' Sepkoski, Jr., 2002 *****Genus '' Laganoclymenia'' Bogoslovsky, 1979 *****Genus '' Procymaclymenia'' Korn, 2002 *****Genus '' Rodachia'' Korn, 2002 ****Subfamily Genuclymeniinae Korn, 2002 *****Genus '' Flexiclymenia'' Czarnocki, 1989 *****Genus '' Genuclymenia'' Wedekind, 1908 *****Genus '' Siekluckia'' Czarnocki, 1989 ***Family Cyrtoclymeniidae Hyatt, 1884 ****Genus '' Cyrtoclymenia'' Sepkoski, Jr., 2002 ****Genus '' Hexaclymenia'' Schindewolf, 1923 ****Genus '' Praeflexiclymenia'' Czarnocki, 1989 ****Genus '' Pricella'' Korn, 1991 ****Genus '' Protactoclymenia'' Wedekind, 1908 ***Family Rectoclymeniidae Schindewolf, 1923 ****Genus '' Cteroclymenia'' Bogoslovsky, 1979 ****Genus '' Falciclymenia'' Schindewolf, 1923 ****Genus '' Karadzharia'' Korn, 2002 ****Genus '' Rectoclymenia'' Wedekind, 1908 *Suborder ''

Incertae sedis ' () or ''problematica'' is a term used for a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Alternatively, such groups are frequently referred to as "enigmatic taxa". In the system of open nomenclature, uncertain ...

'' **Genus '' Borkinia'' **Genus '' Gyroclymenia'' **Genus '' Kazakhoclymenia'' **Genus '' Miroclymenia'' **Genus '' Schizoclymenia''

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q796209 Devonian ammonites Late Devonian first appearances Late Devonian animals Late Devonian extinctions