Russell Clifford "Cliff" Durant (November 26, 1890 – October 31, 1937) was an American

racecar driver Auto racing (also known as car racing, motor racing, or automobile racing) is a motorsport involving the racing of automobiles for competition. Auto racing has existed since the invention of the automobile. Races of various sorts were organi ...

. He was the son of

William C. Durant William Crapo Durant (December 8, 1861 – March 18, 1947) was a leading pioneer of the United States automobile industry and co-founder of General Motors and Chevrolet. He created a system in which a company held multiple marques – each s ...

, the founder of General Motors and Durant's first wife, Clara Pitt. Cliff Durant had four wives: Lena Pearl McFarland, Adelaide Pearl Frost, Lea Gapsky, and Charlotte Phillips. His second wife, Adelaide Pearl Frost (1885–1977), whom he married on September 1, 1911, was a singing star who later married

WW1 World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

fighting ace

Eddie Rickenbacker Edward Vernon Rickenbacker or Eddie Rickenbacker (October 8, 1890 – July 23, 1973) was an American fighter pilot in World War I and a Medal of Honor recipient.Flint, Michigan, the son of

and Clara Miller Pitt. His older sister, Margery Durant, was three years his senior. In 1900, the family lived at 704 Garland Street in Flint and were attended by servants. Durant went to Flint grammar schools and later the University of Detroit and the Pennsylvania Military Academy. In 1908, his parents divorced and in the divorce settlement, Durant's mother, Clara, was granted the house on Garland Street.

Married life

Durant had a number of marriages and was rumored to treat his wives poorly through extramarital affairs and physical abuse.

Racing activities

Chevrolet Special driven by Cliff Durant in 1919 Santa Monica Race

Santa Monica 1919

In 1919 Durant was named the "Pacific Coast Champion," when he drove a blue Chevrolet Special to victory at the Santa Monica Road Race. He averaged in the open topped machine for a total of 3 hours and 4 minutes. His teammate

Eddie Hearne Edward Ames Hearne (March 1, 1887 – February 9, 1955) was an American racecar driver from Kansas City, Kansas who was active in the formative years of auto racing. Biography He was born on March 1, 1887. He participated in the inaugural Ind ...

finished only 7 minutes behind Durant. Throughout the run, neither Durant nor Hearne were lapped by any other drivers in all of the on the course. Durant only pitted twice, for tire changes. One of those

pit stop In motorsports, a pit stop is a pause for refuelling, new tyres, repairs, mechanical adjustments, a driver change, as a penalty, or any combination of the above. These stops occur in an area called the pits, most commonly accessed via a pit lan ...

s was for a tire that blew while he was running almost .

Beverly Hills Speedway

Durant was a co-owner of the

Beverly Hills Speedway The Beverly Hills Speedway (also called the Los Angeles Speedway) was a wooden board track for automobile racing in Beverly Hills, California. It was built in 1919 on of land that includes the site of today's Beverly Wilshire Hotel, just outs ...

(1920–1924), a board track, along with the Speedway Association, which was owned by Durant,

Cecil B. DeMille Cecil Blount DeMille (; August 12, 1881January 21, 1959) was an American film director, producer and actor. Between 1914 and 1958, he made 70 features, both silent and sound films. He is acknowledged as a founding father of the American cine ...

, Jake Dansinger and Silsbee Spalding, among others. It is located where the Beverly Wilshire Hotel is today. In its day it rivaled the Indianapolis Motor Speedway for speed. In May 1923 Durant shattered eight world speed records for events and under at the Beverly Hills Speedway.

Detroit Special

Early in 1927, Durant financed the design and construction of an 8-cylinder

front-wheel drive Front-wheel drive (FWD) is a form of engine and transmission layout used in motor vehicles, where the engine drives the front wheels only. Most modern front-wheel drive vehicles feature a transverse engine, rather than the conventional longitu ...

vehicle, designed and built by C. W. Van Ranst and Tommy Milton. The vehicle was assembled in a basement laboratory of the Cadillac Place, General Motors Building in Detroit and, as such, was named the "Detroit Special" in honor of the city in which it was built. The vehicle was later bought by Harry Hartz, who installed a new Harry Miller (auto racing), Miller engine. Durant was to have driven the car in the 1932 Indianapolis 500, 1932 Indy 500 race, but Fred Frame drove it to victory instead.

Other Racing Accomplishments

Durant competed at many tracks and events around the country, including: Santa Monica and Grand Boulevard (Corona), Corona road races, Tacoma Speedway, Los Angeles to Phoenix, Cactus Derby (a challenging off-road racing, off-road race between Los Angeles and Phoenix, Arizona, Phoenix), and the Indy 500. 1922 Tacoma Speedway Cliff Durant Marvin D Boland Collection G521089

1922 Tacoma Speedway Cliff Durant Marvin D Boland Collection G521089

In 1923 Indianapolis 500, 1923 Durant had the largest stable of cars (6) ever to participate in the Indy 500 until modern times. He came in 7th that year. Durant was the financial backer of the famous Harry Miller racing engines, which dominated the racing world in the 1920s–30s.

Other activities

Durant had his own flight school, airplanes for sale, and a field, "Durant Field" in Oakland, California in 1919. It was located between 80th Ave., 83rd Ave., and Snell Street. He also had Air Mail contracts for mail delivery with the government. In 1921 Durant was a partner with Thomas O'Brian in the Lebec, California#History, Lebec Hotel in the Mountains north of Los Angeles near present day Interstate 5 in California, I-5. He had a large estate in Roscommon, Michigan on the South Branch of the Au Sable River (Michigan), Au Sable River, where "The Castle," a 54-room mansion, burned to the ground February 6, 1931. On the estate was his own private air strip, with several planes. On April 25, 1930, test pilot Herbert J. Fahy died two days after an airplane he had been showing Durant had crashed on takeoff at this airstrip. Herb Fahy and his wife Claire, both prominent pilots, acted as sales agents for Lockheed Corporation, Lockheed. Durant agreed to buy the airplane if the Fahys could prove that the Lockheed Model 8 Sirius, Sirius could land and take off safely from Durant's personal strip. Herb and Claire Fahy landed the plane without incident, but as they took off, one of the wheels hit a partially hidden stump, which flipped the plane over. Herb Fahy, at age 33, suffered a fractured skull and a severe concussion from which he never recovered. The community airport in Roscommon, Michigan, was named Durant Field in his honor on July 16, 1933. At various times in his career he presided over the West Coast division of Durant Motors, and had been vice president of sales for Chevrolet in Oakland, California. He left Chevrolet in 1921, after his father, W.C. "Billy" Durant, left General Motors. Durant was an accomplished musician as well, playing the violin. He owned the Guarneri del Gesu violin, and played the piano and trumpet. He was at one time the owner of one of the most prized collections of violins in the world. In addition to being a businessman, race car driver, aviator and musician, he was also a yachtsman who owned the sailing yacht "Aurora."

Death

Durant died of a heart attack at his Hollywood, Los Angeles, Hollywood home on October 31, 1937, aged 46. His wife, Charlotte Phillips, had summoned medical assistance but he was pronounced dead when the assistance arrived. He is buried at Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Glendale), Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Glendale, California.

Indianapolis 500 results

References

External links

Photo of Durant in airplane
{{DEFAULTSORT:Durant, Cliff 1890 births 1937 deaths Sportspeople from Flint, Michigan Racing drivers from Michigan Racing drivers from California Indianapolis 500 drivers AAA Championship Car drivers