Claude Daquin

Louis-Claude Daquin (or D'Aquino, d'Aquin, d'Acquin; July 4, 1694 – June 15, 1772) was a French composer, writing in the Baroque and Galant styles. He was a virtuoso organist and harpsichordist.

Life

Louis-Claude Daquin was born in Paris to a family originating from Italy, where his great-great-grandfather took the name D'Aquino after converting to Catholicism in the town of Aquino. Louis-Claude's parents were Claude Daquin, a painter, and Anne Tiersant, a grand-niece of Rabelais. One of Louis-Claude's grand-uncles was a professor of Hebrew at the Collège de France, and another was the principal physician of King Louis XIV.

Daquin was a musical child prodigy. He performed for the court of Louis XIV at the age of six. He was for a while a pupil of Louis Marchand. At the age of 12, he became organist at the Sainte-Chapelle, and in the following year took a similar post at the Church of Petit Saint Antoine. In 1722 he married Denise-Thérèse Quirot.

Louis-Claude Daquin never lacked for work as an organist. In 1727 he was appointed organist at the Church of Saint Paul in Paris, ahead of Jean-Philippe Rameau who was also a candidate. Five years later, Daquin succeeded his teacher Marchand as organist at the Church of the Cordeliers. In 1739 he became organist to King Louis XV at the Chapelle Royale. In 1755 he was made titular organist at Notre-Dame Cathedral, succeeding Guillaume-Antoine Calvière.

By reputation a dazzling performer at the keyboard, Daquin was courted by the aristocracy, and his great expertise at the organ drew large crowds to hear him. He was known for his "unfaltering precision and evenness" at both the harpsichord and organ.

Compositions

At the age of eight, he conducted his own choral work ''Beatus Vir''.

Daquin's surviving music includes four harpsichord suites, the c.1757 ''Nouveau livre de noëls'' for organ and harpsichord (settings of Christmas carols, which include some of his harpsichord improvisations), a cantata, an '' air à boire'', and manuscripts of two ''Masses'', a ''Te Deum'', a ''Miserere'', and ''Leçons de Ténèbres''. Among the most famous of his works are the ''Swiss Noël'' (''Noël Suisse'', No. XII from his ''Nouveau livre'') and ''The Cuckoo'' (''Le coucou'', from his 1735 harpsichord suite, ''Pièces de clavecin, Troisième Suite'').

Among technical innovations, his ''Trois cadences'' for harpsichord contains a triple trill.

The Noëls

For Daquin's twelve published Noëls, French organist Jean-Claude Duval has sourced the following old texts:
*I. Noel, ''sur les jeux d’Anches sans tremblant'': ''«À la venuë de Noël»''
*II Noel, ''en dialogue, Duo, Trio, sur le cornet de récit, les tierces du positif et la pédalle de Flûte'': ''«Or nous dites Marie»''
*III Noel ''en Musette, en Dialogue, et en Duo'': ''«Une bergère jolie»''
*IV Noel ''en Duo, sur les jeux d’Anches, sans tremblant'': ''«Noël, cette journée»''
*V Noel ''en Duo'': ''«Je me suis levé»'' or ''«Ô jour glorieux»''
*VI Noel, ''sur les jeux d’Anches, sans tremblant, et en Duo'': ''«Qu’Adam fut un pauvre homme»''
*VII Noel, ''en Trio et en Dialogue, le cornet de récit de la main droitte, la Tierce du Positif de la main gauche'': ''«Chrétiens qui suivez l’Église»''
*VIII Noel ''Étranger, sur les jeux d’anches sans tremblant et en Duo'': ''«?»'' (foreign carol, perhaps Italian)
*IX Noel, ''sur les Flûtes'': ''«Noël pour l’amour de Marie»'' and ''«Chantons, je vous prie»''
*X Noel, ''Grand jeu et Duo'': ''«Quand Dieu naquit à Noël»'' or ''«Bon Joseph, écoutez-moi»''
*XI Noel, ''en Récit en Taille, sur la Tierce du Positif, avec la Pédalle de Flûte, et en Duo'': ''«Une jeune Pucelle»''
*XII Noel ''Suisse, Grand jeu, et Duo'': ''«Il est un p'tit l’ange»'' or ''«Ô Dieu de clémence»''

Media

Discography

* ''Louis Claude Daquin, l’œuvre intégrale pour orgue / Louis Claude Daquin, Complete organ works''. Marina Tchebourkina at the Great Organ of the Royal Chapel of the Palace of Versailles. — Natives, 2004. (EAN 13 : 3760075340049)

References

External links

*
* Click these links to listen to three Noëls on the organ:

Noël sur les anches (No. VI)

Noël sur les flûtes (No. IX)

Noël en sol (No. X)

{{DEFAULTSORT:Daquin, Louis-Claude
1694 births
1772 deaths
Musicians from Paris
French male classical composers
French Baroque composers
Composers for pipe organ
French classical organists
French male organists
Cathedral organists
French harpsichordists
Child classical musicians
18th-century keyboardists
18th-century classical composers
18th-century French composers
18th-century French male musicians
17th-century male musicians
Male classical organists