''Circovirus'' is a genus of
viruses
A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism. Viruses infect all life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea.
Since Dmitri Ivanovsky's ...
, in the family ''
Circoviridae
''Circoviridae'' is a family of DNA viruses. Birds and mammals serve as natural hosts. There are 101 species in this family, assigned to 2 genera. Diseases associated with this family include: PCV-2: postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome; ...
''. Birds (such as pigeons and ducks) and pigs serve as natural hosts, though dogs have been shown to be infected as well. It is a single stranded DNA virus (ssDNA). There are 49 species in this genus. Some members of this genus cause disease: PCV-1 is non pathogenic, while PCV-2 causes
postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS).
Taxonomy
The following species are recognized:
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Barbel circovirus''
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Bat associated circovirus 1''
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Bat associated circovirus 2''
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Bat associated circovirus 3''
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Bat associated circovirus 4''
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Bat associated circovirus 5''
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Bat associated circovirus 6''
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Bat associated circovirus 7''
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Bat associated circovirus 8''
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Bat associated circovirus 9''
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Bat associated circovirus 10''
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Bat associated circovirus 11''
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Bat associated circovirus 12''
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Bat associated circovirus 13''
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Beak and feather disease virus''
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Bear circovirus''
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Canary circovirus''
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Canine circovirus''
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Chimpanzee associated circovirus 1''
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Civet circovirus
A civet () is a small, lean, mostly nocturnal mammal native to tropical Asia and Africa, especially the tropical forests. The term civet applies to over a dozen different species, mostly from the family Viverridae. Most of the species diversity ...
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Duck circovirus''
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Elk circovirus''
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European catfish circovirus''
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Finch circovirus''
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Goose circovirus''
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Gull circovirus''
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Human associated circovirus 1
Humans (''Homo sapiens'') are the most abundant and widespread species of primate, characterized by bipedalism and exceptional cognitive skills due to a large and complex brain. This has enabled the development of advanced tools, culture, ...
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Mink circovirus''
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Mosquito associated circovirus 1''
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Penguin circovirus''
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Pigeon circovirus''
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Porcine circovirus 1''
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Porcine circovirus 2''
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Porcine circovirus 3''
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Porcine circovirus 4''
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Raven circovirus''
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Rodent associated circovirus 1''
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Rodent associated circovirus 2''
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Rodent associated circovirus 3''
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Rodent associated circovirus 4''
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Rodent associated circovirus 5''
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Rodent associated circovirus 6''
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Rodent associated circovirus 7''
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Starling circovirus''
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Swan circovirus''
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Tick associated circovirus 1''
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Tick associated circovirus 2''
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Whale circovirus''
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Zebra finch circovirus''
Structure
Viruses in ''Circovirus'' are non-enveloped, with icosahedral and round geometries, and T=1 symmetry. The diameter is around 17 nm. Genomes are circular and non-segmented.
The virions of Circoviruses are surprisingly small, with diameters ranging from 17 up to 22 nm.
Life cycle
Viral replication is nuclear. Entry into the host cell is achieved by
penetration. Replication follows the ssDNA rolling circle model. DNA templated transcription, with some alternative splicing mechanism is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by nuclear egress, and nuclear pore export.
Birds and pigs serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are fecal-oral and parental.
References
External links
Viralzone: CircovirusICTVCircovirus – MicrobeWiki
{{Taxonbar, from=Q5121560
Circoviridae
Virus genera