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Cidaridae is a family of
According to the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS), the following genera are included in this family
* Subfamily '' Cidarinae'' (Mortensen, 1928a)
** Genus '' Calocidaris'' (H.L. Clark, 1907)
** Genus '' Centrocidaris'' (A. Agassiz, 1904)
** Genus '' Chondrocidaris'' (A. Agassiz, 1863)
** Genus '' Chorocidaris'' (Ikeda, 1941)
** Genus '' Cidaris'' (Leske, 1778)
** Genus '' Compsocidaris'' (Ikeda, 1939)
** Genus '' Eucidaris'' (Pomel, 1883)
** Genus '' Hesperocidaris'' (Mortensen, 1928b)
** Genus '' Kionocidaris'' (Mortensen, 1932)
** Genus '' Lissocidaris'' (Mortensen, 1939)
** Genus '' Tretocidaris'' (Mortensen, 1903b)
* Subfamily '' Goniocidarinae'' (Mortensen, 1928a)
** Genus '' Austrocidaris'' (H.L. Clark, 1907)
** Genus '' Goniocidaris'' (Desor, in Agassiz & Desor, 1846)
** Genus '' Ogmocidaris'' (Mortensen, 1921)
** Genus '' Psilocidaris'' (Mortensen, 1927)
** Genus '' Rhopalocidaris'' (Mortensen, 1927)
** Genus '' Schizocidaris'' (Mortensen, 1903b)
** Genus '' Adelcidaris'' (Cotton & Godfrey, 1942) (''nomen dubium'')
* Tribe '' Phyllacanthina'' (Smith & Wright, 1989)
** Genus '' Phyllacanthus'' (Brandt, 1835)
* Sub-family '' Stereocidarinae'' (Lambert, 1900)
** Genus '' Phalacrocidaris'' (Lambert, 1902)
** Genus '' Stereocidaris'' (Pomel, 1883)
* Subfamily '' Stylocidarinae'' (Mortensen, 1903)
** Genus '' Acanthocidaris'' (Mortensen, 1903b)
** Genus '' Plococidaris'' (Mortensen, 1909)
** Genus '' Prionocidaris'' (A. Agassiz, 1863)
** Genus '' Stylocidaris'' (Mortensen, 1909)
A now abandoned genus, ''Cidarites'' was used in the late 18th and early 19th century to describe a number of species of both cidarid and echid sea urchins.
Image:Eucidaris tribuloides (Slate-pencil Urchin).jpg, ''
The Echinoid Directory : Taxonomy; Natural History Museum, London
Description of the Cidaridae; Natural History Museum, London
* Hansson, H.G. (2001). Echinodermata, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 336–351 {{Taxonbar, from=Q838992 Cisuralian first appearances Extant Permian first appearances Echinoderm families
sea urchin
Sea urchins () are spiny, globular echinoderms in the class Echinoidea. About 950 species of sea urchin live on the seabed of every ocean and inhabit every depth zone from the intertidal seashore down to . The spherical, hard shells (tests) o ...
s in the order Cidaroida.
Description and characteristics
Cidarid sea urchins are characterized by their stout skeleton : thetest
Test(s), testing, or TEST may refer to:
* Test (assessment), an educational assessment intended to measure the respondents' knowledge or other abilities
Arts and entertainment
* ''Test'' (2013 film), an American film
* ''Test'' (2014 film), ...
is thick and hard, with massive perforated tubercles (never crenulated) surrounded by a crown of secondary tubercles, but no primary tubercles in the interambulacra regions. These tubercles hold massive spines, thick, strong and often very long, and showing sometimes odd shapes (thorny spines, fans, clubs, Christmas trees...).
The order Cidaroida is the basalmost of current sea urchins, and most of the species included in this family are abyssal, even if a handful of species remain quite common in tropical shallow waters, like '' Eucidaris'' or '' Phyllacanthus''.
Genera
According to the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS), the following genera are included in this family
* Subfamily '' Cidarinae'' (Mortensen, 1928a)
** Genus '' Calocidaris'' (H.L. Clark, 1907)
** Genus '' Centrocidaris'' (A. Agassiz, 1904)
** Genus '' Chondrocidaris'' (A. Agassiz, 1863)
** Genus '' Chorocidaris'' (Ikeda, 1941)
** Genus '' Cidaris'' (Leske, 1778)
** Genus '' Compsocidaris'' (Ikeda, 1939)
** Genus '' Eucidaris'' (Pomel, 1883)
** Genus '' Hesperocidaris'' (Mortensen, 1928b)
** Genus '' Kionocidaris'' (Mortensen, 1932)
** Genus '' Lissocidaris'' (Mortensen, 1939)
** Genus '' Tretocidaris'' (Mortensen, 1903b)
* Subfamily '' Goniocidarinae'' (Mortensen, 1928a)
** Genus '' Austrocidaris'' (H.L. Clark, 1907)
** Genus '' Goniocidaris'' (Desor, in Agassiz & Desor, 1846)
** Genus '' Ogmocidaris'' (Mortensen, 1921)
** Genus '' Psilocidaris'' (Mortensen, 1927)
** Genus '' Rhopalocidaris'' (Mortensen, 1927)
** Genus '' Schizocidaris'' (Mortensen, 1903b)
** Genus '' Adelcidaris'' (Cotton & Godfrey, 1942) (''nomen dubium'')
* Tribe '' Phyllacanthina'' (Smith & Wright, 1989)
** Genus '' Phyllacanthus'' (Brandt, 1835)
* Sub-family '' Stereocidarinae'' (Lambert, 1900)
** Genus '' Phalacrocidaris'' (Lambert, 1902)
** Genus '' Stereocidaris'' (Pomel, 1883)
* Subfamily '' Stylocidarinae'' (Mortensen, 1903)
** Genus '' Acanthocidaris'' (Mortensen, 1903b)
** Genus '' Plococidaris'' (Mortensen, 1909)
** Genus '' Prionocidaris'' (A. Agassiz, 1863)
** Genus '' Stylocidaris'' (Mortensen, 1909)
A now abandoned genus, ''Cidarites'' was used in the late 18th and early 19th century to describe a number of species of both cidarid and echid sea urchins.
Eucidaris tribuloides
''Eucidaris tribuloides'', the slate pencil urchin, is a species of cidaroid sea urchins that inhabits littoral regions of the Atlantic Ocean. As a member of the basal echinoid order Cidaroida, its morphological, developmental and molecular g ...
''.
Image:Phyllacanthus.jpg, '' Phyllacanthus imperialis''
Image:Plococidaris verticillata.jpg, '' Plococidaris verticillata''
Image:Prionocidaris baculosa.jpg, '' Prionocidaris baculosa'', from Philippines
Image:Reef0228.jpg, '' Chondrocidaris gigantea'', from Hawaii
Image:Stylocidaris affinis.jpg, '' Stylocidaris affinis''
Image:Cidaroid urchin in Galapagos.jpg, '' Eucidaris galapagensis''
Image:Cidaris blakei.jpg, '' Cidaris blakei''
Image:Goniocidaris umbraculum (USNM E11208) 002.jpeg, '' Goniocidaris umbraculum''
References
The Echinoid Directory : Taxonomy; Natural History Museum, London
Description of the Cidaridae; Natural History Museum, London
* Hansson, H.G. (2001). Echinodermata, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 336–351 {{Taxonbar, from=Q838992 Cisuralian first appearances Extant Permian first appearances Echinoderm families