Pudong is a list of administrative divisions of Shanghai, district of Shanghai located east of the Huangpu River, Huangpu, the river which flows through central Shanghai. The name ''Pudong'' was originally applied to the Huangpu's east bank (geography), bank, directly across from the west bank or Puxi, the historic city center. It now refers to the broader Pudong New Area, a new areas, state-level new area which extends all the way to the East China Sea. The traditional area of Pudong is now home to the Lujiazui, Lujiazui Finance and Trade Zone and the Shanghai Stock Exchange and many of Shanghai's best-known buildings, such as the Oriental Pearl Tower, the Jin Mao Tower, the Shanghai World Financial Center, and the Shanghai Tower. These modern skyscrapers directly face Puxi's historic The Bund (Shanghai), Bund, a remnant of former concessions in China, foreign concessions in China. The rest of the new area includes the Port of Shanghai, the Shanghai Expo Park, Shanghai Expo and Century Park (Shanghai), Century Park, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai Pudong International Airport, the Jiuduansha Wetland Nature Reserve, Nanhui New City, and the Shanghai Disney Resort.

History

''Pudong''—literally "The East Bank of the Huangpu River"—originally referred only to the less-developed land across from Shanghai's Old City of Shanghai, Old City and Shanghai International Settlement, foreign concessions. The area was mainly farmland and only slowly developed, with warehouses and wharfs near the shore administered by the districts of Puxi on the west bank: Huangpu District, Shanghai, Huangpu, Yangpu District, Yangpu, and Nanshi District, Shanghai, Nanshi. Pudong was originally established as a county in 1958 until 1961 which the county was split among Huangpu District, Shanghai, Huangpu, Yangpu District, Yangpu, Nanshi District, Shanghai, Nanshi, Wusong District, Wusong and Chuansha County. On October 1, 1992 the original area of Pudong County and Chuansha County merged and established Pudong New Area. In 1993, the Chinese government set up a special economic zones of China, Special Economic Zone in Chuansha, creating the Pudong New Area. The western tip of the Pudong district was designated as the Lujiazui, Lujiazui Finance and Trade Zone and has become a financial hub of modern China. Several landmark buildings were constructed, including the Oriental Pearl Tower, and the skyscraper, supertall Jin Mao Building (), Shanghai World Financial Center () and Shanghai Tower (), the world's first trio of adjacent supertall skyscrapers. These buildings—all along Century Avenue and visible from the historic Bund—now form the most common skyline of Shanghai. On May 6, 2009, it was disclosed that the State Council of the People's Republic of China, State Council had approved the proposal to merge Nanhui District with Pudong and comprise the majority of eastern Shanghai. In 2010, Pudong was host to the main venues of the Shanghai Expo, whose grounds now form a Shanghai Expo Park, public park. Pudong New Area consist of the original Pudong County (northeastern portion of Shanghai County), Chuansha County, and Nanhui District, Nanhui County.

Government

District (China), Districts of the direct-administered municipalities of China, Direct-Controlled Municipality of Shanghai are administratively on the same level as prefecture-level city, prefecture-level cities. However, the government of Pudong has a status equivalent to that of a sub-provincial division, sub-provincial city, which is a half-level above a prefecture-level city. This is due to Pudong's size and importance as the financial hub of China. The Pudong Communist Party Secretary is the top office of the district, followed by the district governor of Pudong. The Pudong party chief is customarily also a member of the Shanghai Party Standing Committee. On April 27, 2015, the People's Government of Pudong New Area is working with China (Shanghai) Pilot Free-Trade Zone Administrative Committee.

Demographics

Pudong is bounded by the Huangpu River in the west and the East China Sea in the east. Pudong is distinguished from Puxi ("West Bank"), the older part of Shanghai. It has an area of and according to the Sixth National Population Census of the People's Republic of China, 2010 Census, a population of 5,044,430 inhabitants, 1.9 million more than in 2000. Currently, at least 2.1 million of residents of Pudong are newcomers from other provinces or cities in China. Pudong is the most populous district in Shanghai. According to the Sixth National Population Census of the People's Republic of China, 2010 Census, it has 5,044,430 people in 1,814,802 families, around 1/4 of Shanghai's total population, an explosive growth since the last census thanks to immigrants.Summary of Pudong Data from the Sixth National Population Census http://gov.pudong.gov.cn/pudongNews_inform/Info/Detail_365360.htm Pudong's resident population growth is well above national average because it is a popular immigration destination. The 2010 census shows a 58.26% increase in the last decade, or an annual pace of 4.7%. In particular, the district saw am immigration growth of 189.5%, or an annual pace of 11.22%. Excluding immigrants, the birth rate is 0.806% while the death rate is 0.729, resulting a net growth of 0.077%. The total fertility rate is 1.03, well below the replacement level. The district actually has a negative registered household population growth if immigrants are excluded, thus the growth is purely driven by immigration. The 2010 Census shows a population density of 3,909/km². About 3/4 of the population live in the northern part and part of city center called "Northern Territory". 1/4 live in the "Southern Territory" that was the Nanhui District. The Northern Territory has a 6,667 population density, while the Southern Territory has 1,732/km². Suburbs saw a greater increase in population during 2000–2010 with the help of the city's suburb expansion policy. Some counties in the traditional city center saw a population decrease.

Subdistricts and towns

** – Liuzao, Shanghai, Liuzao town merged into Chuanshaxin town. *** – Luchaogang town and Shengang Subdistrict merged and form Nanhui New City, Nanhui Xincheng town.

Education

Universities and higher education

*Shanghai Maritime University *Shanghai Dianji University *Shanghai Fisheries University *China Executive Leadership Academy in Pudong *Fudan University in Zhangjiang *New York University Shanghai *ShanghaiTech University

Primary and secondary schools

Public schools: * No. 2 High School Attached to East China Normal University * Jianping High School * Dongchang High School of ECNU * Pudong Foreign Languages School of Shanghai International Studies University International schools: *Dulwich College Shanghai *French School of Shanghai Pudong Campus *Nord Anglia International School Shanghai Pudong *German School Shanghai Pudong Campus *Shanghai American School Pudong Campus *Shanghai Japanese School (SJS) Pudong Campus (elementary and junior high), and SJS Senior High School *Wellington College International Shanghai *Concordia International School Shanghai Pudong Campus Other private schools: *Shanghai Gold Apple Bilingual School *Shanghai Shangde Experimental School *Shanghai Pinghe School

Economy

With the Nanhui District merger in May 2009, the size of Pudong's economy grew. The district's 2015 gross domestic product amounts to an estimated 789.8 billion RMB (~US$113.5 billion), with services comprising 70% of economic output. Its GDP per capita in terms of purchasing power parity is approximately $50,783. The area is divided into four distinct economic districts. Apart from Lujiazui Trade and Finance Zone, there is Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, the largest free trade zone in mainland China covering approximately in north-east Pudong. The Jinqiao Export Processing Zone is another major industrial area in Pudong covering Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park is a special area for technology-oriented businesses. The Pudong area continues to experience rapid development, especially in the commercial sector, with 1.3 million square meters of prime office space reaching completion in 2008, more than the previous two years combined. Pudong has also attracted considerable fixed asset and real estate investment, reporting 87.268 billion RMB in fixed asset investment and 27.997 billion RMB in real estate investment in 2008. Pudong area of Shanghai, at night

The newest Shanghai Disney Resort, Disney resort, with a Shanghai Disneyland Park, Disneyland included, is located in Pudong, which is open to tourists in June 2016.

Businesses

Bao Steel has its head office in the Bao Steel Tower () in Pudong. Comac has its head office in Pudong. The headquarters of Yangtze River Express, a cargo airline, are in the Pufa Tower () in Pudong. Hang Seng Bank has its mainland offices in the Hang Seng Bank Tower in Pudong. Kroll Inc., Kroll has an office in the Hang Seng Bank Tower. Google has its Shanghai offices in the Shanghai World Financial Center.Google locations
" Google. Retrieved on May 25, 2016. "Google Shanghai 60F, Shanghai World Financial Center 100 Century Avenue, Pudong New Area Shanghai 200120, China"

Transportation

The Shanghai Pudong International Airport opened its doors in 1999, shortening the travel time for visitors. In the same year, Line 2, Shanghai Metro, Line 2 of the Shanghai Metro commenced services. An extension brought the line further east, where it serves the Shanghai Pudong International Airport, airport. Other lines, namely Lines Line 4, Shanghai Metro, 4, Line 6, Shanghai Metro, 6, Line 7, Shanghai Metro, 7, Line 8, Shanghai Metro, 8, Line 9, Shanghai Metro, 9, Line 11, Shanghai Metro, 11, Line 12, Shanghai Metro, 12, Line 13, Shanghai Metro, 13 and Line 16, Shanghai Metro, 16 also have sections that serve parts of Pudong. A Shanghai Maglev Train, magnetic levitation train began operating in 2004, moving passengers between the airport and Longyang Road Metro station. Pudong is connected to Puxi by several tunnels and four major bridges. The first of these bridges were the Nanpu Bridge (1991) and the Yangpu Bridge (1993). The Xupu Bridge opened in 1996. The latest of these is Lupu Bridge, which is the world's second longest arch bridge and was completed in 2002. Currently there are five tunnels that link the two sides, Dapu Rd. Tunnel, the first tunnel across the Huangpu River, Yan'an Rd. Tunnel, running east–west, and Dalian Rd. Tunnel, running north–south, Fuxing Rd. Tunnel, complementing the Yan'an Rd. Tunnel, Waihuan Tunnel, one part of Shanghai Outer Ring Express. Two new tunnels linking Lujiazui to Puxi are under construction. Roads in Pudong have no particular longitudinal or latitudinal orientation. Major thoroughfares Pudong Avenue, Zhangyang Road and Yanggao Road run east–west until Yangpu Bridge before turning gradually to become north–south. Century Avenue crosses all three major roads and extends from Lujiazui to Century Park. Yanggao Road extends south to the A20, Shanghai's outer Ring road, which runs east–west from Xupu Bridge and then north–south beginning at the interchange near Renxi Village, when the east–west expressway turns into Yingbin Avenue, headed for Pudong International Airport.

Metro

Pudong is currently served by ten metro lines and one tram line operated by Shanghai Metro and one maglev line operated by Shanghai Maglev Train and one suburban line operated by China Railway: * - Lujiazui Station, Lujiazui , Dongchang Road Station, Dongchang Road, Century Avenue Station, Century Avenue , Shanghai Science and Technology Museum Station, Shanghai Science and Technology Museum, Century Park Station (Shanghai), Century Park, Longyang Road Station, Longyang Road , Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park Station, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Jinke Road Station, Jinke Road, Guanglan Road Station, Guanglan Road, Tangzhen Station, Tangzhen, Middle Chuangxin Road Station, Middle Chuangxin Road, East Huaxia Road Station, East Huaxia Road, Chuansha Station, Chuansha, Lingkong Road Station, Lingkong Road, Yuandong Avenue Station, Yuandong Avenue, Haitiansan Road Station, Haitiansan Road, Pudong International Airport Station, Pudong International Airport * - Pudong Avenue Station, Pudong Avenue , Century Avenue Station, Century Avenue , Pudian Road Station (Line 4), Pudian Road , Lancun Road Station, Lancun Road , Tangqiao Station, Tangqiao * - Gangcheng Road Station, Gangcheng Road , North Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone Station, North Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Hangjin Road Station, Hangjin Road, South Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone Station, South Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Zhouhai Road Station, Zhouhai Road, Wuzhou Avenue Station, Wuzhou Avenue, Dongjing Road Station, Dongjing Road, Jufeng Road Station, Jufeng Road , Wulian Road Station, Wulian Road, Boxing Road Station, Boxing Road, Jinqiao Road Station, Jinqiao Road, Yunshan Road Station, Yunshan Road , Deping Road Station, Deping Road, Beiyangjing Road Station, Beiyangjing Road, Minsheng Road Station, Minsheng Road , Yuanshen Stadium Station, Yuanshen Stadium, Century Avenue Station, Century Avenue , Pudian Road Station (Line 6), Pudian Road , Lancun Road Station, Lancun Road , Shanghai Children's Medical Center Station, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Linyi Xincun Station, Linyi Xincun, West Gaoke Road Station, West Gaoke Road , Dongming Road Station, Dongming Road , Gaoqing Road Station, Gaoqing Road, West Huaxia Road Station, West Huaxia Road, Shangnan Road Station, Shangnan Road, South Lingyan Road Station, South Lingyan Road, Oriental Sports Center Station, Oriental Sports Center * - Houtan Station, Houtan, Changqing Road Station, Changqing Road , Yaohua Road Station, Yaohua Road , Yuntai Road Station, Yuntai Road, West Gaoke Road Station, West Gaoke Road , South Yanggao Road Station, South Yanggao Road, Jinxiu Road Station, Jinxiu Road, Fanghua Road Station, Fanghua Road, Longyang Road Station, Longyang Road , Huamu Road Station, Huamu Road * - China Art Museum Station, China Art Museum, Yaohua Road Station, Yaohua Road , Chengshan Road Station, Chengshan Road , Yangsi Station, Yangsi, Oriental Sports Center Station, Oriental Sports Center , Lingzhao Xincun Station * - Shangcheng Road Station, Shangcheng Road, Century Avenue Station, Century Avenue , Middle Yanggao Road Station, Middle Yanggao Road , Fangdian Road Station, Fangdian Road, Lantian Road Station, Lantian Road , Taierzhuang Road Station, Taierzhuang Road, Jinqiao Station, Jinqiao, Jinji Road station (Shanghai Metro), Jinji Road, Jinhai Road Station, Jinhai Road , Gutang Road Station, Gutang Road, Minlei Road Station, Minlei Road, Caolu Station, Caolu * - Shuangjiang Road station, Shuangjiang Road, West Gaoqiao station, West Gaoqiao, Gaoqiao station (Shanghai Metro), Gaoqiao, Gangcheng Road station, Gangcheng Road , Jilong Road station, Jilong Road * - Disney Resort Station, Disney Resort, Kangxin Highway Station, Kangxin Highway, Xiuyan Road Station, Xiuyan Road, Luoshan Road Station, Luoshan Road , Yuqiao Station, Yuqiao , Pusan Road Station, Pusan Road, East Sanlin Station, East Sanlin, Sanlin Station, Sanlin, Oriental Sports Center Station, Oriental Sports Center * - Donglu Road Station, Donglu Road, Jufeng Road Station, Jufeng Road , North Yanggao Road Station, North Yanggao Road, Jinjing Road Station, Jinjing Road, Shenjiang Road Station, Shenjiang Road, Jinhai Road Station, Jinhai Road * - Shibo Avenue Station, Shibo Avenue, Changqing Road Station, Changqing Road , Chengshan Road Station, Chengshan Road , Dongming Road Station, Dongming Road , Huapeng Road station, Huapeng Road, Xianan Road station, Xianan Road, Beicai station, Beicai, Chenchun Road station, Chenchun Road, Lianxi Road station, Lianxi Road , Middle Huaxia Road Station, Middle Huaxia Road , Zhongke Road station, Zhongke Road, Xuelin Road station, Xuelin Road, Zhangjiang Road station, Zhangjiang Road * - Lujiazui station, Lujiazui , South Pudong Road station, South Pudong Road, Pudong Avenue station, Pudong Avenue , Yuanshen Road station, Yuanshen Road, Changyi Road station, Changyi Road , Xiepu Road station, Xiepu Road, Longju Road station, Longju Road, Yunshan Road station, Yunshan Road , Lantian Road station, Lantian Road , Huangyang Road station, Huangyang Road, Yunshun Road station, Yunshun Road, Pudong Football Stadium station, Pudong Football Stadium, Jinyue Road station, Jinyue Road, Guiqiao Road station, Guiqiao Road * - Longyang Road Station, Longyang Road , Middle Huaxia Road Station, Middle Huaxia Road , Luoshan Road Station, Luoshan Road , East Zhoupu Station, East Zhoupu, Heshahangcheng Station, Heshahangcheng, East Hangtou Station, East Hangtou, Xinchang Station, Xinchang, Wild Animal Park Station, Wild Animal Park, Huinan Station, Huinan, East Huinan Station, East Huinan, Shuyuan Station, Shuyuan, Lingang Avenue Station, Lingang Avenue, Dishui Lake Station, Dishui Lake * - Changyi Road station, Changyi Road , Minsheng Road Station, Minsheng Road , Middle Yanggao Road Station, Middle Yanggao Road , Yingchun Road station, Yingchun Road, Longyang Road Station, Longyang Road , Fangxin Road station, Fangxin Road, Beizhong Road station, Beizhong Road, Lianxi Road station, Lianxi Road , Yuqiao station, Yuqiao , Kangqiao station, Kangqiao, Zhoupu station, Zhoupu, Fanrong Road station, Fanrong Road, Shenmei Road station, Shenmei Road, Hetao Road station, Hetao Road, Xiasha station (Shanghai Metro), Xiasha, Hangtou station, Hangtou * - Longyang Road Station, Longyang Road , Pudong International Airport Station, Pudong International Airport *Zhangjiang Tram - Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park (Shanghai Metro), Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park Station, Bibo Road-Gaoke Road Station, *Huatuo Road-Daerwen Road Station, Huatuo Road Keyuan-Road Station, Cailun Road-Jinke Road Station, Cailun Road-Halei Road, Gebaini Road-Libing Road, Ziwei Road-Gaosi Road, Gaosi Road-Zhangjiang Road, Zhangjiang Middle School, Guanglan Road-Zuchongzhi Road Station, Guanglan Road=Dangui Road Station, Dangui Road-Qingtong Road, Dangui Road-Zhangdong Road, Zhangdong Road–Jinqiu Road * - Luchaogang Railway Station, Luchaogang, Situan Railway Station, Situan

Gallery

File:The Oriental Pearl Radio & Television Tower at night.jpg, The Oriental Pearl tower at night File:Shanghai - Pudong - Lujiazui.jpg, Pudong from the Bund Image:Shanghai-pudong panorama.jpg, Panoramic view at Shanghai Pudong from the east Image:Shaghai Jin Mao.JPG, Jin Mao building File:Shanghai skyline at night, panoramic. China, East Asia-2.jpg, Shanghai's Pudong skyline towers over the Huangpu River Image:Pudong district roads traffic skyscrapers, Shanghai.JPG, Lujiazui Finance and Trade Zone, Pudong Image:Lujiazui skyline, Pudong, Shanghai.JPG, Lujiazui skyline, Pudong Image:Shanghai citic.jpg, CITIC Pacific HQ & Mandarin Oriental Image:Pudong.ogv, Pudong at night (video) Image:Shanghaipudong.jpg, Pudong at night with Oriental Pearl Tower Image:Shanghai (Huang Pu River at Night) 046.jpg, Huangpu River at night. “Better City, Better Life” is the theme of Expo 2010. Image:Shanghai pudong.jpg, View of Pudong area at night time Image:Shanghai oriental pearl tower.JPG, View of the Oriental Pearl Tower File:OrientalPearlTower feet.JPG, Ship in Front of Oriental Pearl Tower File:Shanghai Oriental Pearl Tower.JPG, Shanghai Oriental Pearl Tower File:Lujiazui at night, Shanghai.JPG, Lujiazui at night File:Night view from the Bund.jpg, Lujiazui at night File:Shanghai China 9Mar2018 SkySat.jpg, Satellite image of Shanghai's Pudong district.

Twin towns — sister cities

Pudong is sister city, twinned with: * Beverly Hills, California, Beverly Hills, California * Kuopio

Climate

Pudong has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification ''Cfa''). The average annual temperature in Pudong is . The temperatures are highest on average in July, at around , and lowest in January, at around .

References

External links

Pudong government website

Pudong business site

Flickr: Photos tagged with pudong

{{Authority control Pudong, New areas (China) Districts of Shanghai Special Economic Zones of China Central business districts in China Articles containing video clips