History
The Tehoi class can be subdivided into two distinct subclasses, the Tehoi class and the Mantetsu Tehoni class, which should not be confused with the China Railways TH10, Manchukuo National Tehoni class.Tehoi class (テホイ)
In 1908, Mantetsu ordered seventeen locomotives from American Locomotive Company, ALCo in the United States of America, United States for express and ordinary passenger train duties on the mainline. Built at ALCo's Schenectady, New York, Schenectady works and designated class F1, from 1911 they were used also on express trains on the Dalian–Lüshun line, and on the Shendan Railway, Anfeng Line between Shenyang, Fengtian and Dandong, Andong. With the introduction of a new Rolling stock of the South Manchuria Railway#Classification systems, classification system in 1920 they became class Tehoi (テホイ), and between then and 1926 they were rebuilt with superheaters. In 1927, one engine was leased to the Sitao Railway, which in 1933 was nationalised along with several other private railways to create the Manchukuo National Railway, and in the same year, four were transferred to the Fushun Mining Group, Fushun Coal Mine, which was under Mantetsu's control. In 1931 three of the locomotives sent to Fushun were returned in exchange for a Mantetsu Sorii class locomotive, Sorii class engine, and in that year some were loaned to the Jinfu Railway. With the establishment of the Manchukuo National Railway in 1933, two were transferred to the MNR, where they were designated Tehosa (テホサ) class.Tehoni class (テホニ)
After the reconstruction of the Anfeng Line in 1911, a thrice-weekly international express train between Fengtian and Seoul, Gyeongseong, Korea was introduced. As the existing locomotives insufficient in quantity, Mantetsu ordered five new engines from ALCo in 1912 to augment the fleet. Built at ALCO's Richmond, Virginia plant, they were designated class F1 like the 1908 units, though they were not identical to those, and in the 1920 reclassification they became Tehoni (テホニ) class. Between 1920 and 1926 they were rebuilt with superheaters. Used on both express and ordinary passenger trains, some were loaned to the Jinfu Railway in 1931. Under the new unified classification system introduced in 1938, the Mantetsu Tehoi class, the Mantetsu Tehoni class, and the Manchukuo National Tehosa class locomotives were collectively designated Tehoi class.Postwar
All 22 engines of both subclasses survived the Second Sino-Japanese War, and at the end of the war were assigned to the Dalian (9), Fengtian (5), Jinzhou (5) and Qiqihar (3) depots, and were taken over by the Republic of China Railway. Following the establishment of the People's Republic of China, People's Republic and the current China Railway, they were designated class ㄊㄏ一 (TH1) in 1951, becoming class TH1 (written in Pinyin instead of Zhuyin) in 1959.Class Specifications
References
{{Locomotives of China 4-6-0 locomotives ALCO locomotives Railway locomotives introduced in 1908 Railway locomotives introduced in 1912 Steam locomotives of China Standard gauge locomotives of China Rolling stock of Manchukuo Passenger locomotives