The China Railways JF18 (解放18, ''Jiěfàng'', "liberation") class steam locomotive was a class of
2-8-2 steam locomotives operated by the
China Railway, built by the
American Locomotive Company in the
United States
The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territori ...
in 1914.
The original owner of these locomotives is unknown. After the
Japanese established the
puppet state
A puppet state, puppet régime, puppet government or dummy government, is a state that is ''de jure'' independent but ''de facto'' completely dependent upon an outside power and subject to its orders.Compare: Puppet states have nominal sove ...
of
Manchukuo, the privately owned railways in the territory of Manchukuo were nationalised to create the
Manchukuo National Railway, which designated these the Mikai (ミカイ) class, becoming Mikana (ミカナ) class after the classification reform of 1938.
After the end of the
Pacific War, these locomotives were passed on to the Republic of China Railway. After the establishment of the
People's Republic of China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...
, China Railways designated them ㄇㄎ18 (MK18) class in 1951. They were subsequently redesignated 解放18 (JF18) class in 1959, and were retired in 1975.
References
{{Locomotives of China
2-8-2 locomotives
ALCO locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1914
Scrapped locomotives
Steam locomotives of China
Standard gauge locomotives of China
Rolling stock of Manchukuo
Freight locomotives