Chevereșu Mare
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Chevereșu Mare ( hu, Nagykövéres; german: Großkeweresch) is a
commune A commune is an alternative term for an intentional community. Commune or comună or comune or other derivations may also refer to: Administrative-territorial entities * Commune (administrative division), a municipality or township ** Communes of ...
in
Timiș County Timiș () is a county ('' județ'') of western Romania on the border with Hungary and Serbia, in the historical region of Banat, with the county seat at Timișoara. It is the westernmost and the largest county in Romania in terms of land area. T ...
,
Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Moldova to the east, and ...
. It is composed of three villages: Chevereșu Mare (commune seat), Dragșina and Vucova.


Geography

Chevereșu Mare is located in the central-southern part of
Timiș County Timiș () is a county ('' județ'') of western Romania on the border with Hungary and Serbia, in the historical region of Banat, with the county seat at Timișoara. It is the westernmost and the largest county in Romania in terms of land area. T ...
, in the place where three plains meet: the hilly plain of Gătaia, the gulf of Lugoj and the low plain of Timiș. It borders the commune of Racovița and the town of
Buziaș Buziaș (also known as Băile Buziaș or Buziaș-Băi; hu, Buziásfürdő; german: Busiasch) is a town in Timiș County, Romania. Thanks to its healing springs, it was once one of the most famous bathing places in Hungary and then in Romania; it h ...
to the east, the commune of
Nițchidorf Nițchidorf (literally " Niczky's village"; german: Nitzkydorf; hu, Niczkyfalva, originally ''Kutas'') is a commune in Timiș County, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Blajova ( hu, Balázsd or ''Balázsfalva''), Duboz ( hu, Temesdoboz) a ...
to the south, the communes of
Sacoșu Turcesc Sacoșu Turcesc ( hu, Törökszákos; german: Türkisch Sakosch) is a commune in Timiș County, Romania. It is composed of seven villages: Berini, Icloda, Otvești, Sacoșu Turcesc (commune seat), Stamora Română, Uliuc and Unip. Name Histor ...
and
Moșnița Nouă Moșnița Nouă ( hu, Mosnicatelep or ''Újmosnica''; german: Neumoschnitz) is a commune in Timiș County, Romania. It is composed of five villages: Albina, Moșnița Nouă (commune seat), Moșnița Veche, Rudicica and Urseni. Geography Moșnița ...
to the west and the commune of Remetea Mare and the town of
Recaș Recaș ( hu, Temesrékas; german: Rekasch; sr, Рекаш, Rekaš) is a town in Timiș County, Romania. Six villages are administered by the town: Bazoș, Herneacova, Izvin, Nadăș, Petrovaselo and Stanciova. It received town status in April 20 ...
to the north.


Hydrography

The
Timiș River Timiș may refer to: *Timiș County, a county in western Romania *Timiș (river), a river in western Romania and Serbia * Ținutul Timiș, a former administrative unit of Romania * Temes County, a former administrative county (comitatus) in the hi ...
is the northern border of the commune. Chevereșu Mare is crossed by a small canalized stream called Șurgani (locally Șorcan). It springs northwest of
Buziaș Buziaș (also known as Băile Buziaș or Buziaș-Băi; hu, Buziásfürdő; german: Busiasch) is a town in Timiș County, Romania. Thanks to its healing springs, it was once one of the most famous bathing places in Hungary and then in Romania; it h ...
, in the Dumbrava Forest, flowing into the Timiș River, on the left side, just upstream from the strand at Albina. A dry arm of Șurgani, Vâna, crosses the Corneanț neighborhood. In the past, Chevereșu Mare also had a lake, Hergheșceu, dried up after the
land improvement Land development is the alteration of landscape in any number of ways such as: * Changing landforms from a natural or semi-natural state for a purpose such as agriculture or housing * Subdividing real estate into lots, typically for the purpos ...
works of 1969–1970.


History

The first recorded mention of Chevereșu Mare dates from the end of the Turkish occupation of
Banat Banat (, ; hu, Bánság; sr, Банат, Banat) is a geographical and historical region that straddles Central and Eastern Europe and which is currently divided among three countries: the eastern part lies in western Romania (the counties of T ...
and is made by
Marsigli Count Luigi Ferdinando Marsili (or Marsigli, Lat. ''Marsilius''; 10 July 1658 – 1 November 1730) was an Italian scholar and eminent natural scientist, who also served as an emissary and soldier. Biography Born in Bologna, he was a member ...
in his writings from 1690, where he mentions the village of ''Keveris'' in the district of
Ciacova Ciacova ( hu, Csák; german: Tschakowa; sr, Чаково, Čakovo; tr, Çakova) is a town in Timiș County, Romania. It administers four villages: Cebza, Macedonia, Obad and Petroman. When it was declared a town in 2004, the villages of Gad and G ...
. The village is certainly older and was inhabited by Romanians when, in 1717, the Austrians conquered Banat. In ''Der Buziascher Bezirk'', Helmut Wettel believes that the name is of Slavic origin, "village of blacksmiths" (''covaci'' is a regionalism in Banat and Transylvania for
blacksmith A blacksmith is a metalsmith who creates objects primarily from wrought iron or steel, but sometimes from other metals, by forging the metal, using tools to hammer, bend, and cut (cf. tinsmith). Blacksmiths produce objects such as gates, gr ...
). With the establishment of the
post office A post office is a public facility and a retailer that provides mail services, such as accepting letters and parcels, providing post office boxes, and selling postage stamps, packaging, and stationery. Post offices may offer additional ser ...
in 1721, Chevereșu Mare became an administrative center for the surrounding localities and even for some more distant ones. Here was the headquarters of an administrative sub-office and a forest district. Until 1808 Chevereșu Mare was a chamber property and a revenue office. The local tradition speaks of three hamlets that merged, during the reign of Maria Theresa, on the current hearth of the settlement: ''Corneanț'' (the nucleus of the future settlement), ''Bocea'' (the largest one) and ''Drila''. Corneanț was located where today is the homonymous neighborhood, in the south of the village. Bocea was further north, at the edge of the forest, between Dragșina and Sârbova. The village of Potchia appeared on old Austrian maps until 1750. Today, Bocea is the neighborhood that occupies the northern part of the settlement. The contemporary Regat neighborhood, located in the northwest, was called, until the interwar period, Drila.


Demographics

Chevereșu Mare had a population of 2,272 inhabitants at the 2011 census, up 19% from the 2002 census. Most inhabitants are
Romanians The Romanians ( ro, români, ; dated exonym '' Vlachs'') are a Romance-speaking ethnic group. Sharing a common Romanian culture and ancestry, and speaking the Romanian language, they live primarily in Romania and Moldova. The 2011 Roman ...
(61.09%), larger minorities being represented by
Roma Roma or ROMA may refer to: Places Australia * Roma, Queensland, a town ** Roma Airport ** Roma Courthouse ** Electoral district of Roma, defunct ** Town of Roma, defunct town, now part of the Maranoa Regional Council *Roma Street, Brisbane, a ...
(19.32%),
Hungarians Hungarians, also known as Magyars ( ; hu, magyarok ), are a nation and  ethnic group native to Hungary () and historical Hungarian lands who share a common culture, history, ancestry, and language. The Hungarian language belongs to the Urali ...
(8.27%) and Slovaks (4.45%). For 6.43% of the population, ethnicity is unknown. By religion, most inhabitants are
Orthodox Orthodox, Orthodoxy, or Orthodoxism may refer to: Religion * Orthodoxy, adherence to accepted norms, more specifically adherence to creeds, especially within Christianity and Judaism, but also less commonly in non-Abrahamic religions like Neo-pa ...
(73.06%), but there are also minorities of
Roman Catholic Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy * Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD * Roman people, the people of ancient Rome *'' Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a let ...
s (11.75%),
Pentecostal Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement
s (6.25%) and
Lutheran Lutheranism is one of the largest branches of Protestantism, identifying primarily with the theology of Martin Luther, the 16th-century German monk and Protestant Reformers, reformer whose efforts to reform the theology and practice of the Cathol ...
s (1.63%). For 6.43% of the population, religious affiliation is unknown.


Culture


Churches

The Orthodox church, built in 1801 in the Bocea neighborhood, is dedicated to the
Ascension of Jesus The Ascension of Jesus (anglicized from the Vulgate la, ascensio Iesu, lit=ascent of Jesus) is the Christian teaching that Christ physically departed from Earth by rising to Heaven, in the presence of eleven of his apostles. According to th ...
. It replaces and older church of twigs that was located in the Corneanț neighborhood, together with the old cemetery, on the greenfield called Plațu Bicii. The Roman Catholic church, located on Drumu Mare (the main street), is dedicated to King Saint Stephen and is a branch of the parish of Bacova; it was built around 1869. Vucova has a Lutheran church built in 1852 by the Slovaks colonized here in the first half of the 19th century.


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Cheveresu Mare Communes in Timiș County Localities in Romanian Banat