Chapter Nine Institutions refer to a group of organisations established in terms of Chapter 9 of the

South Africa South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the Southern Africa, southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to the south by of coastline that stretch along the Atlantic Ocean, South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; to the ...

Constitution A constitution is the aggregate of fundamental principles or established precedents that constitute the legal basis of a polity, organisation or other type of entity and commonly determine how that entity is to be governed. When these princ ...

to guard

democracy Democracy (From grc, δημοκρατία, dēmokratía, ''dēmos'' 'people' and ''kratos'' 'rule') is a form of government in which people, the people have the authority to deliberate and decide legislation ("direct democracy"), or to choo ...

. The institutions are: * the

Public Protector The Public Protector in South Africa is one of six independent state institutions set up by the country's Constitution to support and defend democracy. According to Section 181 of the Constitution: * These institutions are independent, and subje ...

* the

South African Human Rights Commission The South African Human Rights Commission (SAHRC) was inaugurated in October 1995 as an independent chapter nine institution. It draws its mandate from the South African Constitution by way of the Human Rights Commission Act of 1994. Commissioner ...

(SAHRC) * the

Commission for the Promotion and Protection of the Rights of Cultural, Religious and Linguistic Communities The Commission for the Promotion and Protection of the Rights of Cultural, Religious and Linguistic Communities (CRL Rights Commission) is an independent chapter nine institution in South Africa. It draws its mandate from the South African Constitu ...

(CRL Rights Commission) * the Commission for Gender Equality (CGE) * the

Auditor-General A comptroller (pronounced either the same as ''controller'' or as ) is a management-level position responsible for supervising the quality of accounting and financial reporting of an organization. A financial comptroller is a senior-level execut ...

* the

Independent Electoral Commission An election commission is a body charged with overseeing the implementation of electioneering process of any country. The formal names of election commissions vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction, and may be styled an electoral commission, a c ...

(IEC) * an Independent Authority to Regulate Broadcasting. Though chapter nine calls for a broadcast regulator it does not specifically mandate the

Independent Communications Authority of South Africa The Independent Communications Authority of South Africa (ICASA) is an independent regulatory body of the South African government, established in 2000 by the ICASA Act to regulate both the telecommunications and broadcasting sectors in the publ ...

(ICASA). Interpretations vary on whether ICASA is a Chapter 9 institution or not.

Parliamentary review

In October 2006 an ''ad hoc''

parliamentary A parliamentary system, or parliamentarian democracy, is a system of democratic governance of a state (or subordinate entity) where the executive derives its democratic legitimacy from its ability to command the support ("confidence") of the ...

committee was established to investigate the chapter nine bodies with regard to employment procedures and institutional governance. Also of concern was spending on the institutions and their lack of mandate to operate outside of the country. The committee recommended the establishment of a directorate, under the office of the Speaker, to liaise with the institutions.

References

External links

Text of Chapter 9 at South African Government Information
{{SA law , state=autocollapse Government agencies of South Africa Constitution of South Africa Ombudsmen in South Africa Ombudsman organizations Liberalism in South Africa