The practice of conducting a periodic

census A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring, recording and calculating information about the members of a given population. This term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common censuses inc ...

began in

Egypt Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning the North Africa, northeast corner of Africa and Western Asia, southwest corner of Asia via a land bridg ...

in the second millennium BC, where it was used for tax gathering and to determine fitness for military services.

Pre-modern censuses

Pharaonic era

Censuses in Egypt first appears in the late Middle Kingdom and develops in the

New Kingdom New is an adjective referring to something recently made, discovered, or created. New or NEW may refer to: Music * New, singer of K-pop group The Boyz Albums and EPs * ''New'' (album), by Paul McCartney, 2013 * ''New'' (EP), by Regurgitator ...

. Pharaoh Amasis, according to

Herodotus Herodotus ( ; grc, , }; BC) was an ancient Greek historian and geographer from the Greek city of Halicarnassus, part of the Persian Empire (now Bodrum, Turkey) and a later citizen of Thurii in modern Calabria (Italy). He is known fo ...

, required every Egyptian to declare annually to the

nomarch A nomarch ( grc, νομάρχης, egy, ḥrj tp ꜥꜣ Great Chief) was a provincial governor in ancient Egypt; the country was divided into 42 provinces, called nomes (singular , plural ). A nomarch was the government official responsib ...

, "whence he gained his living". Under the

Ptolemies The Ptolemaic dynasty (; grc, Πτολεμαῖοι, ''Ptolemaioi''), sometimes referred to as the Lagid dynasty (Λαγίδαι, ''Lagidae;'' after Ptolemy I's father, Lagus), was a Macedonian Greek royal dynasty which ruled the Ptolemaic ...

and the

Romans Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy * Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD *Roman people, the people of ancient Rome *''Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a lette ...

several censuses were conducted in Egypt by government officials.

Roman era

Roman censuses in Egypt estimated the population at 4.5 million inhabitants in the year 14 AD and 5 million in 164 AD.

Islamic era (600 AD)

A census also took place in the era of Hesham Abdel Malek ben Marwan in the year 600 AD including the number of people, their ages and residences.

Napoleonic era (1798)

In 1798, Egypt's population was estimated at 3 million when

Napoleon Napoleon Bonaparte ; it, Napoleone Bonaparte, ; co, Napulione Buonaparte. (born Napoleone Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military commander and political leader wh ...

invaded the country.

1848 and 1868 Censuses

After preliminary enumerations in some urban areas and villages the first countrywide census was carried out in 1848. A modern analysis of the 1848 census records, which attempts to adjust for various discrepancies in the data, concluded that Egypt's population was 4,476 million people back then. The 1848 census is said to be the first in a non-Western country to include demographic, social, and economic data on practically all individuals including females, children, and slaves. Digitization of the 1848 and 1868 census records is underway based on documents in the National Archives of Egypt.

Modern censuses

1882

*1882 — The first census in Egypt had been carried out. The total population was 6.7 million.

1947

*According to the 1947 census, Egypt's population had reached 19 million inhabitants.

1976

*A census in 1976 revealed that the population had risen to 36.6 million.

1986

*In 1986, a census indicated that the population of Egypt reached a total of 50.4 million, including about 2.3 million Egyptians working in other countries.

1996

*In 1996, the census found a population of 59.3 million.

2006

* In 2006, the thirteenth census in the Egyptian census series revealed that the Egypt's population hit 76.5 million inside and outside the country.

2017

A new census was done in 2017. Census day was 18 April 2017 and Egypt's population on that date was estimated to be 94,798,827.

Latest census details (2006)

Nationwide demographics

Population by sex and residence

Population by governorate

Future projections

At current pace, Egypt's population is expected to reach 160 million by 2050. However, if the current rate of reproduction diminishes, the population may be limited to 120 million by 2050. Egypt already has one of the highest real population densities in the world.

References

;General *https://web.archive.org/web/20070930225811/http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/EgyptOnline/Miscellaneous/000002/0207000000000000001038.htm *https://web.archive.org/web/20070928001729/http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/EgyptOnline/Miscellaneous/000002/0207000000000000001446.htm *http://countrystudies.us/egypt/55.htm *https://web.archive.org/web/20070930230227/http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/Pub/yearbook/yearbook2006/110104000000000001.htm *http://www.citypopulation.de/Egypt.html *http://scriptorium.lib.duke.edu/papyrus/records/971r.html
CAPMAS website
;Specific

External links

Population Distribution by Sex

Average Size of Household and Sex Ratio

Population Distribution by Educational Status

Population Distribution by Age Groups

Population Distribution by Marital Status

No of Households & % of their Connection to Public Utilities

2006 Census Analysis Series
{{Asia topic, Census in Demographics of Egypt