Catalan Liberation Front ( ca, Front d'Alliberament Català) was a separatist group in

Catalonia Catalonia (; ca, Catalunya ; Aranese Occitan: ''Catalonha'' ; es, Cataluña ) is an autonomous community of Spain, designated as a ''nationality'' by its Statute of Autonomy. Most of the territory (except the Val d'Aran) lies on the north ...

Spain , image_flag = Bandera de España.svg , image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg , national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond") , national_anthem = (English: "Royal March") , i ...

. FAC was formed in 1969 by people from the

Catalan National Council Catalan may refer to: Catalonia From, or related to Catalonia: * Catalan language, a Romance language * Catalans, an ethnic group formed by the people from, or with origins in, Northern or southern Catalonia Places * 13178 Catalan, asteroid #1 ...

(CNC) and the Working Youth of Catalan State (JOEC). The same year FAC initiated violent actions against

Francoist Spain Francoist Spain ( es, España franquista), or the Francoist dictatorship (), was the period of Spanish history between 1939 and 1975, when Francisco Franco ruled Spain after the Spanish Civil War with the title . After his death in 1975, Spai ...

. In 1972 a series of FAC militants were captured and tortured. A major section of the movement went into exile, first to

Andorra , image_flag = Flag of Andorra.svg , image_coat = Coat of arms of Andorra.svg , symbol_type = Coat of arms , national_motto = la, Virtus Unita Fortior, label=none (Latin)"United virtue is stro ...

and the Catalan region of

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, and later to

Brussels Brussels (french: Bruxelles or ; nl, Brussel ), officially the Brussels-Capital Region (All text and all but one graphic show the English name as Brussels-Capital Region.) (french: link=no, Région de Bruxelles-Capitale; nl, link=no, Bruss ...

. In exile the organization oriented itself towards the left, adopted Marxism-Leninism as its ideology and proclaimed its objective to form a Communist Party of Catalonia. These changes were confirmed at the First Conference of FAC, held in Brussels 1973. FAC started publishing ''Catalunya Roja''. In 1974 the group Revolutionary Left joined FAC. The armed operations of FAC were then carried out by a 'Special Organisation' (''Organització Especial''). In 1975 FAC again suffered a wave of detention and captures. Part of the organisation formed the Catalan Revolutionary Movement (MRC) in 1975, to mobilise popular and legal support to the struggle of FAC. By 1977 both FAC and MRC had ceased to exist.

References

* VERA i ARÚS, Jordi. ''La lluita armada als Països Catalans: història del FAC''.

Sant Boi de Llobregat Sant Boi de Llobregat () is a city in the Province of Barcelona in Catalonia, Spain, located on the banks of the Llobregat river. In 2019 it had 83,605 inhabitants. The city is divided into six neighborhoods (named ''barris'' in Catalan): Ciutat ...

: Edicions Lluita, 1985.
Història del FAC
{{DEFAULTSORT:Catalan Liberation Front Defunct communist parties in Catalonia Anti-Francoism 1969 establishments in Spain Political parties established in 1969 1977 disestablishments in Spain Political parties disestablished in 1977 Left-wing militant groups in Spain Anti-fascist organisations in Spain