Carl Mayer von Rothschild

Carl Mayer ''Freiherr'' von Rothschild (24 April 1788 – 10 March 1855) was a German-born banker in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies and the founder of the Rothschild banking family of Naples.

Biography

Born Kalman Mayer Rothschild in Frankfurt am Main, he was the fourth of the five sons of Mayer Amschel Rothschild (1743–1812) and Gutlé Schnapper (1753–1849). He would become known as "Carl" by the family except for his English relatives who translated it as "Charles". Raised in an increasingly prosperous family, he was trained in his father's banking business and lived at home until age twenty-nine when he acquired a modest residence at 33 Neue Mainzer Strasse in Frankfurt am Main in preparation for his marriage on 16 September 1818 to Adelheid Herz (1800–1853). They would have the following children:

* Charlotte (1819–1884) married Lionel de Rothschild
* Mayer Carl (1820–1886)
* (1823–1900)
* Wilhelm Carl (1828–1901)
* Anselm Alexander Carl (1835–1854)

Wanting to expand the family business across Europe, the eldest Rothschild son Amschel remained in Frankfurt, while each of the other sons were sent to different European cities to establish a banking branch. The 1821 occupation of Naples by the Austrian army provided the opportunity for the Rothschilds to set up business in the Kingdom. Carl Rothschild was therefore sent to Naples where he established C M de Rothschild & Figli to operate as a satellite office to the Rothschild banking family of Germany headquarters in Frankfurt am Main.

Carl Rothschild has sometimes been seen as the least gifted of the five brothers. However, he proved himself in Naples as a strong financial manager and someone very capable at developing all-important business connections. He established a good working relationship with Luigi de' Medici, the "Direttore della Segreteria di Azienda del Regno di Napoli" (Finance Minister), and his operation became the dominant banking house in Naples. As a result of Carl's success, the Rothschilds had a substantial banking presence in England and three other major European capitals, giving the family considerable influence and an advantage over their competitors.

Carl Mayer gained a significant influence with the Bourbon king in Naples. Clients of the Naples bank also included the Vatican, the dukes of Parma and the dukes of Tuscany.Die Rothschild-Dynastie - 2 Jahrhunderte einer Finanzdynastie
''Bornpower.de''

In 1822, Carl Rothschild and his four brothers were each granted the title of baron, or ''Freiherr'', by ''Kaiser'' Franz I of Austria. During the winter of 1826, Leopold of Saxe-Coburg, future King of the Belgians, was a guest of Carl ''Freiherr'' von Rothschild at his villa in Naples. In 1829, Carl was appointed consul-general of Sicily at Frankfurt and in January 1832 the Jewish banker was given a ribbon and star of the Sacred Military Constantinian Order of Saint George at a ceremony with the new Roman Catholic Pope, Gregory XVI. Reports that Rothschild was permitted to kiss the Pope's hand, rather than his foot, as was customary at the time, led to controversy in the Catholic world that the Pope was selling Rome out to "a Jew."

Carl von Rothschild maintained homes in Frankfurt am Main and in Naples. In 1837 he built the Villa Günthersburg on a large country property outside Frankfurt am Main owned by his father at what is now Günthersburg Park. In 1841, he bought the Villa Pignatelli at Riviera di Chiaia with a spectacular view of the Sea and Vesuvio Volcano. The family lived there until 1860.

Two years after his wife Adelheid (née Hertz) died in 1853, and one year after their son Anselm Alexander Carl died at the age of eighteen, Carl ''Freiherr'' von Rothschild died in Naples, "sad and morose". One seventh of his estate went to his daughter Charlotte with the rest divided equally between his three surviving sons. Adolf Carl took over the business in Naples from his father and Mayer Carl and Wilhelm Carl succeeded their childless uncle Amschel in Frankfurt, even though Carl Mayer had wished his son Mayer Carl would succeed him in Naples. In 1861, the Rotschild bank closed in Naples, and the bank's assets were transferred to Frankfurt.

In popular culture

In the 1934 movie ''The House of Rothschild'', Carl Mayer von Rothschild is played by Noel Madison.The House of Rothschild (1934) Full Cast & Crew
''Imdb.com''

References

Bibliography

* ''The Rothschilds; a Family Portrait'' by Frederic Morton. Atheneum Publishers (1962) (1998 reprint)
* ''The Rothschilds, a Family of Fortune'' by Virginia Cowles. Alfred A. Knopf (1973)
* ''Rothschild: The Wealth and Power of a Dynasty'' by Derek Wilson. Scribner, London (1988)
* ''House of Rothschild : Money's Prophets: 1798-1848'' by Niall Ferguson. Viking Press (1998)
* ''The House of Rothschild (vol. 2) : The World's Banker: 1849-1999'' by Niall Ferguson. Diane Publishing Co. (1999)

External links

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Rothschild, Carl Mayer Von
1788 births
1855 deaths
Businesspeople from Naples
Carl Mayer
German art collectors
19th-century art collectors
German bankers
18th-century German Jews
19th-century Neapolitan people
Italian art collectors
Italian bankers
19th-century German businesspeople
19th-century Italian businesspeople
German emigrants to Italy