The Canindé River is a seasonal waterway flowing into the
Parnaiba River near
Amarante in the State of
Piauí
Piaui (, ) is one of the states of Brazil, located in the country's Northeast Region. The state has 1.6% of the Brazilian population and produces 0.7% of the Brazilian GDP.
Piaui has the shortest coastline of any coastal Brazilian state at 66&n ...
in
northeastern Brazil
The Northeast Region of Brazil ( pt, Região Nordeste do Brasil; ) is one of the five official and political regions of Brazil, regions of the country according to the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Of Brazil's twenty-six state ...
. The stream flows for approx. 350 km from headwaters in the foothills on the Piaui/Pernambuco border (northwest of
Afrânio,
Pernambuco
Pernambuco () is a state of Brazil, located in the Northeast region of the country. With an estimated population of 9.6 million people as of 2020, making it seventh-most populous state of Brazil and with around 98,148 km², being the 19 ...
) northwest into Piauí then through
Paulistana and Oeiras to Amarante on the junction of the Canindé with the Parnaiba.
Oeiras is the main commercial center in the Canindé River valley. The
biome
A biome () is a biogeographical unit consisting of a biological community that has formed in response to the physical environment in which they are found and a shared regional climate. Biomes may span more than one continent. Biome is a broader ...
type along the river is
caatinga
Caatinga (, ) is a type of semi-arid tropical vegetation, and an ecoregion characterized by this vegetation in interior northeastern Brazil. The name "Caatinga" is a Tupi word meaning "white forest" or "white vegetation" (''caa'' = forest, v ...
, which is composed of typical northeastern Brazilian semiarid vegetation. The river and fauna and flora of the environs were described by the German naturalists
Johann Baptist von Spix
Johann Baptist Ritter von Spix (9 February 1781 – 13 March 1826) was a German natural history, biologist. From his expedition to Brazil, he brought to Germany a large variety of specimens of plants, insects, mammals, birds, amphibians and fish. ...
and
Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius
Carl Friedrich Philipp (Karl Friedrich Philipp) von Martius (17 April 1794 – 13 December 1868) was a German botanist and explorer.
Life
Martius was born at Erlangen, the son of Prof Ernst Wilhelm Martius, court apothecary.
He graduated PhD f ...
during their travels in Brazil in April and May, 1819.
The Canindé and its tributary the
Piauí River Piauí River may refer to:
*Piauí River (Piauí)
The Piauí River is a river of Piauí state in northeastern Brazil
Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both Sout ...
which enters it about 125 km below Oeiras, constitute what is often referred to as the Caninde-Piaui river system. The Caninde / Piauí River basin with an area of approximately 75,000 km
2, is the largest sub-basin (29.7%) of the Parnaíba River Basin, which constitutes 98.3% of the land area of the State of Piaui.
The Caninde-Piaui river system and its tributaries present a temporary torrential flow regime: flow rate is characterized by abrupt variations due to tropical storms
during the January - April rainy season.
Among the land-based economic activities of the Rio Caninde valley are the exploitation of Brazilian Wax palms (''
Copernicia prunifera
''Copernicia prunifera'' or the carnaúba palm or carnaubeira palm () is a species of palm tree native to northeastern Brazil (mainly the states of Ceará, Piauí, Maranhão, Rio Grande do Norte and Bahia). Known by many as 'tree of life' becaus ...
'') for the manufacture of carnauba wax, the extraction and commercialization of rubber from the Pará rubber tree (''
Hevea brasiliensis
''Hevea brasiliensis'', the Pará rubber tree, ''sharinga'' tree, seringueira, or most commonly, rubber tree or rubber plant, is a flowering plant belonging to the spurge family Euphorbiaceae
Euphorbiaceae, the spurge family, is a large fami ...
''), and
maniçoba
Maniçoba is a festive dish in Brazilian cuisine, especially from the Amazonian region state of Pará and Bahia. It is of indigenous origin, and is made with leaves of the Manioc plant that have been finely ground and boiled for at least four d ...
(tapioca) from the Manioc plant (''
Manihot esculenta
''Manihot esculenta'', commonly called cassava (), manioc, or yuca (among numerous regional names), is a woody shrub of the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae, native to South America. Although a perennial plant, cassava is extensively cultivated a ...
''), and cattle ranching including dairy farming.
Etymology
The name of the river comes from the Tupi-Guarani ''Kanindé'', and has several meanings:
* a tribe of Indians that inhabited the banks of rivers
Quixeramobim and
Banabuiú;
* a large tribe of the Tarairyu nation, that lived in the central region of the backlands of
Ceará
Ceará (, pronounced locally as or ) is one of the 26 states of Brazil, located in the northeastern part of the country, on the Atlantic coast. It is the eighth-largest Brazilian State by population and the 17th by area. It is also one of the ...
(Quixada, Canindé and High Banabuiú, Quixeramobim);
* a macaw with blue and yellow plumage, specifically Canindéyu from ''Kanindé'', blue macaw + ''ju'', yellow: the blue-and-yellow macaw (''
Ara ararauna'', called ''Arara-caninde'' in Portuguese).
See also
*
List of rivers of Piauí
Notes
References
External links
Analysis of the basin of Canindé River - Government of State of Piaui
* ttp://www.codevasf.gov.br/principal/publicacoes/publicacoes-atuais/pdf/livro_07.pdf EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: TERRITORY OF CANINDÉ RIVER VALLEY
{{DEFAULTSORT:Caninde River (Piaui)
Rivers of Piauí