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World Service Poll, 49% of Indonesians view Canada's influence positively, with 16% expressing a negative view.
Indonesia-Canada diplomatic relations formally began when the two countries signed an agreement to open diplomatic missions in their respective capitals on October 9, 1952. However, relations between the two countries started in 1948, when Indonesia was struggling to gain international recognition for its independence from its former colonial power in 1945.
Canada, through General Andrew McNaughton as the President of the
The Embassy of Republic of Indonesia in Ottawa, Canada
The Embassy of Canada in Jakarta, Indonesia
Canada
Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over , making it the world's second-largest country by tot ...
and Indonesia
Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...
established diplomatic relations in 1952.
Canada has an embassy in Jakarta while Indonesia maintains an embassy in Ottawa. Indonesia also has consulates in Toronto
Toronto ( ; or ) is the capital city of the Canadian province of Ontario. With a recorded population of 2,794,356 in 2021, it is the most populous city in Canada and the fourth most populous city in North America. The city is the anch ...
and Vancouver
Vancouver ( ) is a major city in western Canada, located in the Lower Mainland region of British Columbia. As the List of cities in British Columbia, most populous city in the province, the 2021 Canadian census recorded 662,248 people in the ...
. Canada and Indonesia are partners in a number of multilateral organizations, such as Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
The Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC ) is an inter-governmental forum for 21 member economies in the Pacific Rim that promotes free trade throughout the Asia-Pacific region.
(APEC), the G-20
The G20 or Group of Twenty is an intergovernmental forum comprising 19 countries and the European Union (EU). It works to address major issues related to the global economy, such as international financial stability, climate change mitigation, ...
, Cairns Group
The Cairns Group (Cairns Group of Fair Trading Nations) is an interest group of 19 agricultural exporting countries, composed of Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Indonesia, Malaysia, New Zealand, Pakist ...
, and the World Trade Organization
The World Trade Organization (WTO) is an intergovernmental organization that regulates and facilitates international trade. With effective cooperation
in the United Nations System, governments use the organization to establish, revise, and ...
(WTO).
According to a 2013 BBC #REDIRECT BBC #REDIRECT BBC
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...History
Indonesia-Canada diplomatic relations formally began when the two countries signed an agreement to open diplomatic missions in their respective capitals on October 9, 1952. However, relations between the two countries started in 1948, when Indonesia was struggling to gain international recognition for its independence from its former colonial power in 1945.
Canada, through General Andrew McNaughton as the President of the United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be a centre for harmoniz ...
' Security Council
The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations (UN) and is charged with ensuring international peace and security, recommending the admission of new UN members to the General Assembly, an ...
, managed to break the deadlock in the negotiation on resolving the conflict between Indonesia and the Netherlands
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that resulted in the adoption of Resolution 67/1949, which endorsed the establishment of a Dutch–Indonesian Round Table Conference
The Dutch–Indonesian Round Table Conference was held in The Hague from 23 August to 2 November 1949, between representatives of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the Republic of Indonesia and the Federal Consultative Assembly, representing va ...
. Tripartite negotiations lead to the international recognition of Indonesia's sovereignty in December 1949.
Relations have been generally cordial. Both countries shared similar views on the Archipelagic state principle during negotiations on the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea
The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), also called the Law of the Sea Convention or the Law of the Sea Treaty, is an international agreement that establishes a legal framework for all marine and maritime activities. , 167 c ...
. Indonesia and Canada were both members of the International Commission of Control and Supervision
The International Commission of Control and Supervision (ICCS) was an international monitoring force created on 27 January 1973. It was formed, following the signing of the Paris Peace Accords ("Paris Agreement on Ending the War and Restoring Peace ...
in Vietnam. Differences emerged in the 1990s over human rights issues and the East Timor
East Timor (), also known as Timor-Leste (), officially the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, is an island country in Southeast Asia. It comprises the eastern half of the island of Timor, the exclave of Oecusse on the island's north-west ...
dispute. In the Post-Suharto era
The Post-Suharto era is the contemporary history in Indonesia, which began with the resignation of authoritarian president Suharto on 21 May 1998. Since his resignation, the country has been in a period of transition known as the Reform era ...
these irritants have been removed.
Development assistance
Canada began to support economic development in Indonesia through theColombo Plan
The Colombo Plan is a regional intergovernmental organization that began operations on 1 July 1951. The organization was conceived at an international conference, The Commonwealth Conference on Foreign Affairs held in Colombo, Ceylon (now Sri L ...
during the 1950s. For thirty years between 1967 and 2007, Canada provided aid to Indonesia within the international coordination arrangements established under the Inter-Governmental Group on Indonesia
The Inter-Governmental Group on Indonesia (IGGI) was established in 1967 as an international consortium of official donors to coordinate the provision of foreign assistance to Indonesia. IGGI was the lead official grouping of donors to Indonesia fr ...
and the Consultative Group on Indonesia. As a development partner, Canada works closely with Indonesia to support sustainable economic growth and reduce vulnerability to poverty. The Canadian International Development Agency
The Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) was a federal Canadian organization that administered foreign aid programs in developing countries. The agency was merged into the Department of Foreign Affairs in 2013 by the federal governmen ...
(CIDA) managed Canada's bilateral program for development assistance to Indonesia until it was folded into Global Affairs Canada
Global Affairs Canada (GAC; french: Affaires mondiales Canada; AMC)''Global Affairs Canada'' is the applied title under the Federal Identity Program; the legal title is Department of Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development (). is the department ...
. CIDA made Indonesia a major "country of concentration" for Canadian development cooperation, with Indonesia ranked as high as second place among Canadian aid recipients in the 1980s. Canadian support for Indonesian development continues at a lower level.
Trade
Data from the Indonesian Investment Coordinating Board shows Canadian investment in Indonesia for the period of 2005 up to 2011 consisted of 37 projects worth US$157 million. The major sector both by number of projects and investment value is the mining industry. The largest number of Canadian investment projects are on the island ofJava
Java (; id, Jawa, ; jv, ꦗꦮ; su, ) is one of the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia. It is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the south and the Java Sea to the north. With a population of 151.6 million people, Java is the world's mos ...
, but the largest dollar value of investment is located in Sulawesi.
See also
* Indonesian CanadianExternal links
The Embassy of Republic of Indonesia in Ottawa, Canada
The Embassy of Canada in Jakarta, Indonesia
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Canada-Indonesia relations Bilateral relations of IndonesiaIndonesia
Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...