Camp Curtis, California State Historic Landmark #215, was located about one mile north of

Arcata, California Arcata (; Wiyot: ''Goudi’ni''; Yurok: ''Oket'oh'') is a city adjacent to the Arcata Bay (northern) portion of Humboldt Bay in Humboldt County, California, United States. At the 2020 census, Arcata's population was 18,857. Arcata was first ...

, and served as the headquarters and garrison of the

1st Battalion California Volunteer Mountaineers 1st Battalion California Volunteer Mountaineers was an infantry battalion in the Union Army during the American Civil War. It spent its entire term of service in the western United States, attached to the Department of the Pacific. It was orga ...

from 1862 to 1865. Before Camp Curtis, an older "Camp on Janes' Farm," was situated on a rise above Arcata and used by California Militia volunteers as early as 1858 during the local "Indian Wars." Arcata was a trans-shipment point from boats to pack trains for interior mines. In the early 1860s, a ferry was maintained where the main road crossed the

Mad River (California) The Mad River (Wiyot: ''Baduwa't'') is a river in upper Northern California. It flows for in a roughly northwest direction through Trinity County and then Humboldt County, draining a watershed into the Pacific Ocean north of the town of Arc ...

Essex Essex () is a Ceremonial counties of England, county in the East of England. One of the home counties, it borders Suffolk and Cambridgeshire to the north, the North Sea to the east, Hertfordshire to the west, Kent across the estuary of the Riv ...

. In early June 1862, the ferry operator and his family were attacked. An older woman was killed and a younger woman injured by bullets, two men drowned while fleeing the attack, but the ferryman and three children survived uninjured. The injured woman claimed she saw at least one white man painted to look like an Indian. In 1862, Captain Owsley arrived, establishing the official Camp Curtis on the same site as the volunteer camp. He and a party of 30 to 40 soldiers were charged with "preventing the murder by Indians of any more citizens in that vicinity."

Historical Marker

A bronze tablet in a bus turnaround marks the location of Camp Curtis. Placed 5 October 1930 reads "Camp Curtis 1862–1865 – In memory of Co. E & I 2nd. California Volunteer Infantry 1862–1863 – Co. B 1st. Battalion Mountaineers Volunteer Infantry 1863–1864 – Co. A 1st. Battalion Native California Volunteer Cavalry 1864 – And Marie Brizard Todd A Pioneer of 1847 – Erected by the Pioneer Society of Humboldt County." Camp Curtis Marker

The tablet includes two errors: a typographical error ("Calvary" for "Cavalry"), and a date error because whites were not settled in the area until 1850 and according to her tombstone in Greenwood Cemetery, Marie Brazard Todd (1848–1929) was not born until a year after the date on the tablet.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Camp Curtis Formerly Used Defense Sites in California Arcata, California History of Humboldt County, California California Historical Landmarks 1862 establishments in California